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1.
萧氏松茎象生物学特性及防治技术措施   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
萧氏松茎象是危害松林的危险性害虫,蛀食湿地松、火炬松和马尾松中幼林基、根部的韧皮。 1994年 5月在我市坪石乡大辅村首次发现,在野外定株套笼观察到其生物学特性后,对该虫进行了综合防治。   一、萧氏松茎象生物学特性   萧氏松茎象属鞘翅目象甲科松茎象属,完全变态昆虫,两年一代,以幼虫或成虫越冬。   幼虫: 5月中旬卵孵出幼虫后,仅三天就能蛀食寄主树干韧皮层, 6月中旬到 9月下旬取食量大,并形成一条通道,虫体可在通道内自由转弯,横向或纵向蛀食,粪便随松脂沿虫道流出树皮外成团泥状, 10月上旬至 11月上旬逐渐停止…  相似文献   

2.
曹玉佩 《安徽林业》2010,(4):126-126
桃红颈天牛在果区以幼虫在树干蛀道内越冬,翌春恢复活动,在枝干基部皮层下和木质部钻蛀成不规则隧道,并向蛀孔外排出大量红褐色虫粪及碎屑,造成树干中空,皮层脱离,树势衰弱,常引起断折和整株死亡。防治方法:  相似文献   

3.
侧柏种子银蛾是取食危害侧柏种子的主要害虫,该虫以幼虫在侧柏球果内蛀食种子。作者通过4a来在涉县定点、定株、定时对侧柏种子银蛾生物学特性观察,基本掌握了该虫在涉县的生物学特性。该虫在涉县危害侧柏种子,1a发生1代,以蛹在树干翘皮缝中越冬。  相似文献   

4.
浅谈广西萧氏松茎象防治措施   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
罗捷 《广西林业科学》2005,34(4):215-216
萧氏松茎象(Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang)是一种危害松树的钻蛀性害虫,尤以湿地松为甚。幼虫在树干基部韧皮部与木质部之间蛀道取食,如环蛀一圈,即可中断养分的输导,导致湿地松树死亡。提出了营林技术,人工防治、生物防治、化学防治等措施。  相似文献   

5.
何小慧 《湖南林业》2008,(12):27-27
资兴市是全省重点林区县(市)之一,全市松林面积约333万公顷。马尾松毛虫属鳞翅目、枯叶蛾科。它以幼虫取食松树针叶危害,是我市危害松林最为严重的害虫。松树受害后,轻者造成材积生长率下降,松脂减产,种子产量降低:重者将叶食尽,形似火烧,致使松树生长极度衰弱,容易招引松墨天牛、松纵坑切梢小蠹等蛀干害虫的入侵,造成松树大面积死亡。此外,幼虫具毒毛,容易引起人的皮炎和关节肿痛。  相似文献   

6.
板栗黑星天牛(Anoplophora leeohiGahae),又名黑天牛,栗农称它的幼虫为“钻壳虫”。此虫以往无详细报道。我们从1983年以来对此虫进行了观察。现将结果整理如下: 一、分布和危害 我省宜溧山区各地都有分布。如张渚、太华、茗岭、横山、西渚、归径,善卷、渚东等地,有虫株率几乎为100%,每树上多者达20多条,少者也有1—2条。 板栗受此虫危害后,一是会使栗树整株衰败、死亡。因为此虫的幼虫在板栗树基部皮层下沿木质部的表面上下左右迂迥蛀食韧皮都和形成层,切断了输导组织,当数头幼虫环绕树干皮下蛀食时,轻者栗树叶发黄,不结实或者虽结实空蒲多;重者叶先枯黄,接着整株枯死。1985年,张渚地区被此虫为害而死的栗树在千株以上。二是可引起栗树木质部腐烂空心。幼虫蛀食在树干皮层留下伤痕,木质部造成蛀道,成虫在树干上留下羽化孔,经雨水侵入,使心材腐烂,再加上蚁  相似文献   

7.
指出了萧氏松茎象主要危害云南松、华山松、马尾松、思茅松、加勒比松。该虫侵入树干基部或根颈部蛀食韧皮部,造成松树大量流脂,严重时切断水分、养分输送,导致树木死亡。为确定该虫在红河州的危险性等级,根据林业有害生物风险评估指标体系,对其进行了定性定量分析评估,结果表明:萧氏松茎象风险性R值为1.54,在红河州属于中度危险的林业有害生物。对此提出了风险管理对策。  相似文献   

8.
红脂大小蠹主要危害油松,同时还危害白皮松、华山松、樟子松等。该虫以成虫或幼虫在寄主树干基部或根部蛀食韧皮部危害,严重者可造成寄主大面积死亡。该虫初羽化时头部为浅褐色、褐色,个别个体为黑褐色。红脂大小蠹在山西一年发生1代到2代,或2年3代,育历期不整齐,世代重叠。卵历期10天-13天,幼虫历期40在-50天,蛹历期10天-12天,成虫活动期长达几个月。主要以成虫、二龄以上幼虫及老熟幼虫在主,侧根的虫道内或土层中的干基部越冬,偶见以卵、初孵幼虫越冬。翌年3月至5月开始动,越冬代幼虫继续在树根部取食,老熟幼虫补充营养后开始化蛹。越冬代成虫钻出树干扬飞,寻找新的寄主危害。越冬代雌成虫侵入新的寄主后蛀食形成母坑道。雄成虫在侵入孔处发出叫声,雌虫认可后即进入坑道内。在侵入孔处,松指、成虫排出的虫粪、蛀屑形成不规则漏斗状凝脂,初为暗红色发软,后变为褐色发干。雌雄成虫在虫道内交配并把卵产在坑道一侧,或把卵包埋在疏松的虫粪中。幼虫孵化后背向母坑道沿韧皮部取食危害,形成共同坑道,虫粪排在坑道内。幼虫老熟后在坑道外侧边缘形成单独的蛹室,后羽化为成虫。在气温较高地区,子代成虫扬飞继续侵染新的寄主。部分成虫会在原危害的根部交配产卵继续危害。越冬代幼虫及老熟幼虫化蛹、羽化后,  相似文献   

9.
肖氏松茎象是严重蛀食湿地松主干基部皮层的新害虫,松树一旦受害,轻则影响生长,重则整株死亡。该虫于1988年,在我省武功山林场首次发现,面积只有几十hm2,已作为新种发表。至1998年,已在吉安、赣州、宜春、九江、新余、萍乡等6地市共27个县市均有不同...  相似文献   

10.
萧氏松茎象越冬幼虫过冷却点的测定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
萧氏松茎象Hylobitelus xiaoi是一种重要的森林有害生物,在江西省主要危害国外松,在福建省宁化县则主要危害马尾松,以幼虫蛀食树干基部和根部韧皮部,造成大量流脂,影响松树的生长。该虫以幼虫和成虫越冬。明确其耐寒性对于成功预测预报和防治具有重要作用,而测定昆虫的过冷却点是研究低温极限的致死作用以及确定昆虫耐寒力强弱的主要手段和必要工作。  相似文献   

11.
云南木蠹象是我国西南地区新发现的云南松的一种重要蛀干害虫。云南木蠹象蛹室在被害云南松树木上的分布规律,反映了该虫幼虫和蛹在树木上的危害与分布。研究表明,云南木蠹象蛹室主要分布在云南松树木主干的中上部,其蛹室数量占主干蛹室量的76.99%;同时,云南木蠹象蛹室集中于树木主干,主干上的蛹室数占全树蛹室数的70.26%。云南木蠹象蛹室在轮枝上的分布多集中在中上部轮枝,即第1~3轮轮枝。在这些轮枝上的蛹室数目是所有轮枝蛹室数目的87.69%。从生长年龄而言,蛹室主要分布在1~2年生的主干和侧枝上。  相似文献   

12.
用生石灰处理伐桩,预防和杀灭松褐天牛Monochamus alternatus Hope卵、幼虫.在处理区天牛有虫株率仅2.5%,对照区有虫株率82.6%.  相似文献   

13.
应用矮树虫口调查估计马尾松毛虫种群密度的研究毛超旭,王武昂,汤荣堂,严小君,周国法关键词马尾松毛虫,种群密度,树冠投影马尾松毛虫幼虫的调查一般均在2~3m高的小树上直接进行。前人曾研究了松毛虫种群数量与马尾松树高、树冠大小之间的关系,并提出若以单位面...  相似文献   

14.
1999 年,油松大小蠹(学名待定)在山西省许多地区的油松林内暴发成灾,对30年生或胸径12 cm 以上的油松危害极大,造成了严重损失。该虫为害油松系首次发现。其成虫大多在距根基部1 m 以内的树干部位侵入蛀食韧皮部,雌虫产卵量一般为100 多粒。幼虫继续取食韧皮部,常造成油松死亡。该虫营隐蔽生活,一般的化学防治方法效果很差。采用钻孔塞入磷化铝毒丸薰杀法,成虫死亡率可达96.4% ,幼虫死亡率可达97.7% 。  相似文献   

15.
Ten Egyptian and imported entomopathogenic nematodes were evaluated for their pathogenicity to R. ferrugineus in both the laboratory and the field. In the laboratory, most nematodes were pathogenic to the pest larvae, pupae and adults. Larvae and adults were more susceptible to nematode infection (mostly 100?% mortality) than pupae enclosed in their cocoons. In the field however, the highest insect larval mortality was 66.67?% and most of nematodes failed in controlling the pest. Such failure could be due to hot weather, the tunnelling behaviour of the pest larvae and the too much sap in the infested sites in the trunks of palm trees.  相似文献   

16.
Summary On an outbreak of Orgyia antiqua L. (Lepid., Lymantriidae) at Memmingen, Bavaria, 1972.The number of larvae ofO. antiqua on pine trees at Memmingen reached its high level during autumn 1971. About 350 ha mainly the old trees were infested. The number of egg masses per stem was more than 42 in max. with an average of 205 eggs per egg mass (n = 40). The percentage of hatching was found to be 74,5%. The rest of the eggs was mainly parasitized byTelenomus dalmanni (Ratz.). The pest had only one generation. The old larvae were infected with a virus disease and a great part of pupae was killed by fungi. These two diseases were the main factors in regulating the population ofO. antiqua.  相似文献   

17.
The amounts of oleoresin exudation from artificially-marked wounds on the trunks of pine trees were measured, and several characteristics of the oleoresin exudation amount (OEA) were elucidated. OEA showed no regular diurnal change and had no relation to both heights and directions of the wounds marked on the trunks, but differed between individual trees and between locations on the same tree. The exudation of oleoresin from each wound stopped after several hours. Mean OEA per wound decreased with increase in the number of wounds per given area. When the exudation of oleoresin from a wound was exhausted, further oleoresin was scarcely exuded even from a new wound made close to the initial one. In response to wounding, therefore, primary oleoresin exudation seems to occur by releasing the resin stocked in the resin canal.  相似文献   

18.
大袋蛾生物防治技术综合应用研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
大袋蛾是林业的一大害虫。在1998-1999年试验的基础上,2000-2002年在刺槐小片林和林网内对综合生物防治技术进行科技攻关和实践应用研究。试验结果表明,Bt制剂的防治效果达到80%以上;寄生蝇的寄生率在片林中达到25%,在林网中达21%;而大山雀的招引率也很高,平均达70%。3种生物防治方法综合使用后,刺槐片林大袋蛾老熟幼虫平均虫口密度由防治前的47.4头/株下降到防治后的0.39头/株,林网内由46.9头/株下降到0.78头/株,而相似的对照区大袋蛾平均虫口密度刺槐片林为34.8头/株,林网37.6头/株。  相似文献   

19.
Bark beetle infestation is a well-known cause of historical low-level disturbance in southwestern ponderosa pine forests, but recent fire exclusion and increased tree densities have enabled large-scale bark beetle outbreaks with unknown consequences for ecosystem function. Uninfested and beetle-infested plots (n = 10 pairs of plots on two aspects) of ponderosa pine were compared over one growing season in the Sierra Ancha Experimental Forest, AZ to determine whether infestation was correlated with differences in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools and fluxes in aboveground biomass and soils. Infested plots had at least 80% of the overstory ponderosa pine trees attacked by bark beetles within 2 years of our measurements. Both uninfested and infested plots stored ∼9 kg C m−2 in aboveground tree biomass, but infested plots held 60% of this aboveground tree biomass in dead trees, compared to 5% in uninfested plots. We hypothesized that decreased belowground C allocation following beetle-induced tree mortality would alter soil respiration rates, but this hypothesis was not supported; throughout the growing season, soil respiration in infested plots was similar to uninfested plots. In contrast, several results supported the hypothesis that premature needlefall from infested trees provided a pulse of low C:N needlefall that altered soil N cycling. The C:N mass ratio of pine needlefall in infested plots (∼45) was lower than uninfested plots (∼95) throughout the growing season. Mineral soils from infested plots had greater laboratory net nitrification rates and field resin bag ammonium accumulation than uninfested plots. As bark beetle outbreaks become increasingly prevalent in western landscapes, longer-term biogeochemical studies on interactions with other disturbances (e.g. fire, harvesting, etc.) will be required to predict changes in ecosystem structure and function.  相似文献   

20.
板栗兴透翅蛾的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
板栗(Castanea mollissima)是河北省的主要经济树种,近年来,受到板栗兴透翅蛾(Synanthedon castanevora Yang et Wang)的严重危害,造成栗实减产,甚至树木死亡。  相似文献   

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