布朗忍冬秋季扦插试验

该试验研究了基质和外源激素(IBA)处理对布朗忍冬扦插生根的影响。结果显示:IBA处理对提高插条的生根量、节和节间处的生根率有一定的促进作用,不使用IBA和使用低浓度的IBA(<500×10-6)对布朗忍冬扦插生根率的影响差异不显著,但IBA浓度较高(>500×10-6)则会对插条产生抑制和毒害作用。布朗忍冬在1/2沙+1/2蛭石的扦插基质中获得了最佳生根结果。     

不同外源激素对软枣猕猴桃扦插生根率的影响

通过采取吲哚乙酸(IAA)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)、萘乙酸(NAA)、生根剂(ABT)等4种外源激素对软枣猕猴桃进行扦插育苗试验,结果表明:不同激素及其不同浓度均对软枣猕猴桃扦插生根率有较为明显的效果和显著的差异,以IBA 250mg·L-1处理效果最好,生根率为88.9%,侧根系数为0.88;其次是ABT 250 mg·L-1处理,生根率为85.7%,侧根系数为0.86。由此推荐激素IBA和ABT250mg·L-1可作为软枣猕猴桃的绿枝扦插生根最佳浓度。     

IAA、NAA、IBA对丁香扦插生根的影响

以丁香为材料,将其插穗用不同浓度的IAA、NAA、IBA进行浸泡处理,清水为对照(CK),在河沙上进行扦插试验,以插穗存活率、生根率、生根条数和平均根长等为测定指标,探究丁香扦插适宜生根的激素及其浓度。结果表明,IAA、NAA、IBA均可促进丁香插穗生根;IAA和IBA促进丁香插穗生根的最适浓度为150 mg L~(-1),NAA促进丁香插穗生根的最适浓度为250mg L~(-1)。综合比较,150mg L~(-1)的IAA激素对丁香插穗生根的促进效果最好。     

四药门花扦插繁殖技术研究

比较研究了赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)、萘乙酸(NAA)3种激素4个浓度处理(50、100、200、400mg/L)对广东省五桂山自然保护区四药门花野生植株插穗的生根效果。与未作激素处理的对照组(生根率为29.2%)相比,IBA和NAA均可促进四药门花生根,IBA 200 mg/L处理组的生根率为44.2%,NAA 100mg/L处理组的生根率为35.8%,IBA促进效果优于NAA。应用常规扦插方法处理四药门花栽培植株插穗,生根率为87.5%,反映了栽培植株插穗的生根率显著高于野生植株。IBA四药门花插穗生根处理结果表明,使用IBA100⁴00mg/L处理后,四药门花栽培植株的生根率为94.2%400mg/L处理后,四药门花栽培植株的生根率为94.2%⁹7.5%,显著高于对照组。揭示了IBA具有较好的促根效果,综合考虑成本因素,可以选用低浓度的IBA处理。     

傲雪金银木扦插繁殖技术研究

为了探索傲雪金银木扦插繁殖技术,以傲雪金银木为研究对象,对其进行了不同时期、不同插条直径(>0.8cm、0.4⁰.8cm、<0.4cm),不同生根调节剂(IBA、NAA、IBA+NAA)的生根试验。结果表明:傲雪金银木硬枝扦插的适宜时间为9—12月;插条直径≥0.4cm;IBA、NAA、IBA+NAA适宜浓度为1000.8cm、<0.4cm),不同生根调节剂(IBA、NAA、IBA+NAA)的生根试验。结果表明:傲雪金银木硬枝扦插的适宜时间为9—12月;插条直径≥0.4cm;IBA、NAA、IBA+NAA适宜浓度为100²00mg/kg,能够分别获得79%200mg/kg,能够分别获得79%⁸5%、74%85%、74%⁸8%、85%88%、85%⁹6%的成活率。傲雪金银木的生根类型为愈伤组织生根及侧芽基部分生组织生根两种类型。     

不同植物生长调节剂对5种彩叶树种嫩枝扦插的影响

为提高彩叶树的扦插生根效果,以2年生的金叶风箱果、紫叶水蜡、红花锦鸡儿、蓝忍冬和五角枫等5树种绿枝条为试材,添加不同浓度的萘乙酸(NAA)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)进行嫩枝扦插。结果表明:NAA和IBA对不同树种的插条生根均有不同程度的促进作用。200mg·L~(-1)的NAA和IBA对金叶风箱果、紫叶水蜡、红花锦鸡儿插条生根促进作用最大,500mg·L~(-1)的NAA和IBA对金叶风箱果、紫叶水蜡、红花锦鸡儿生根促进作用最大。     

印度黄檀干热河谷扦插试验研究

在四川金沙江干热河谷区,通过采用不同植物生长调节剂(IBA、NAA、IAA、6-BA)对印度黄檀的扦插繁殖进行了对比试验研究。试验结果显示,无论何种处理印度黄檀都有较明显的愈伤组织产生。就生根率而言,IBA处理效果较为明显,IBA100 mg·L~(-1)与IBA200 mg·L~(-1)分别插条生根率达到了56%和66%的生根率,但是IBA400mg·L~(-1)与IBA800 mg·L~(-1)处理生根率却只有30%和18%,浓度过高反而不利于愈伤组织形成和根的生长;NAA处理中,只有NAA100 mg·L~(-1)较为明显,生根率达到44%,而IAA处理中,生根率普遍不高,生根率为20%~34%。对照水浸泡处理生根率只有12%,而6BA处理均没有发现生根。试验中的6BA处理和NAA25 mg·L~(-1)处理没有发现生根,也可能是由于试验的其他不可控因素导致,有待进一步研究。     

丝棉木嫩枝扦插育苗试验

以丝棉木2年生实生苗的当年半木质化嫩枝为扦插材料,采用正交试验设计的方法,研究不同质量浓度(0,200,500,800 mg/L)生根剂吲哚乙酸(IBA)和处理时间(5,10,30,60 min)对丝棉木嫩枝扦插的影响。通过测定丝棉木扦插后的平均生根率、形成愈伤组织所需时间及平均生根数等指标,筛选出适宜的IBA质量浓度和处理时间的最佳组合。试验结果表明,适宜质量浓度的IBA浸泡对丝棉木嫩枝扦插生根有一定的促进作用,其中以500 mg/L的IBA浸泡30 min处理的插穗生根效果最好,平均生根率达89. 33%,较空白对照(CK)至少增加了29. 33%;该处理插穗形成愈伤组织所需的时间为28 d,较CK至少缩短了14 d;平均生根数达11. 67条,较CK至少增加了7. 34条。     

花楸树嫩枝扦插繁殖技术研究

以天然成年植株和温室内1年生、2年生幼苗萌生的当年生半木质化枝条为扦插材料,以不同浓度(500、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500、3 000 mg·kg-1)的IBA、NAA、IBA+NAA(10:1)、IBA+NAA(5:1)、IBA+NAA(2:1)、IBA+NAA(1:1)等为外源激素处理插穗,以泥炭+珍珠岩(3:1)、蛭石、河沙为扦插基质,对花楸树嫩枝扦插繁殖进行了研究.结果表明:取自成年母树的插穗没有不定根生成,取自1、2年生幼苗的插穗平均生根率分别为79.03%、70.37%,不定根平均长度分别为5.01、4.85 cm,不定根数量分别为19、30根;取自枝条下部的插穗生根效果明显优于取自上部的插穗;采穗及扦插时间在枝条发芽后1.5～2.0个月时为宜;扦插基质选用蛭石或者泥炭土+珍珠岩(3:1);外源激素选用IBA+NAA(10:1)或者IBA+NAA(5:1),以1 500 mg·kg-1为最佳浓度处理,生根率达90%以上,不定根平均长度在6.67锄以上,不定根数量在34根以上;花楸树嫩枝扦插以皮部生根为主,属于皮部生根类型.     

吲哚丁酸对红粉撲花枝条扦插生根效应的影响

文章研究了不同浓度IBA(3-吲哚丁酸)处理对红粉撲花二年生插条的生根效应。结果表明:不同浓度IBA处理对红粉撲花插枝生根的影响不同;不同处理时间,对生根效果的影响也有差异,200 mg.kg-1IBA处理1 h的效果最好,生根率达到86.2%,生根效果指数平均值达1.31。     

母株年龄、激素种类及其浓度对日本落叶松扦插生根的影响

系统地研究了全光雾插条件下母株年龄、激素种类及其浓度对日本落叶松半木质化插穗生根的影响,并在此基础上利用隶属函数法对各处理的生根效果进行了综合评价,分别为不同年龄阶段的落叶松扦插选配出最佳激素种类及其浓度的处理组合,12.5、8.5 a子代林插穗经最佳组合处理后生根率分别可达78.8%、92.5%,极大地提高了较高年龄日本落叶松扦插繁殖的生根能力.三因素方差分析结果表明,母株年龄(A)、激素种类(B)和激素浓度(C)对落叶松插穗生根率、生根量和偏根率等生根性状的影响达极显著或显著水平,同时三因素互作效应(A×B×C)及双因素互作效应(A×B、A×C、B×C)对绝大多数性状的影响也很显著.根据分年龄阶段进行的激素种类、浓度及其互作效应的比较结果,可以看出处理间生根性状的变化缺乏明显的规律性.     

Genetic variation in rooting ability of loblolly pine cuttings: effects of auxin and family on rooting by hypocotyl cuttings

After about 20 days, hypocotyl cuttings from 20-day-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings rooted easily in the presence of the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), with roots forming directly from xylem parenchyma. In contrast, woody cuttings from 1-2-year-old hedged seedlings formed roots indirectly from callus tissue in 60-90 days, but IBA had little effect on rooting. Variation in rooting among hypocotyls from both half- and full-sib families was highly significant in response to IBA, and rooting did not occur within 20 days unless IBA was applied. Hypocotyls from poor rooting families tended to produce fewer roots per cutting than hypocotyls from good rooting families. Rooting by woody cuttings and hypocotyl cuttings from the same nine full-sib families was weakly correlated, raising the possibility that at least some common genetically controlled processes were affecting rooting by both types of cutting. The phytotropin N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), supplied at 1 micro M with 10 micro M IBA, significantly inhibited rooting by hypocotyl cuttings from both good and poor rooting families, but there was no significant family x treatment interaction. Family variation in rooting ability may be a function of the frequency of occurrence of auxin-responsive cells in the hypocotyls.     

Effects of IBA and NAA treatments on rooting Douglas-fir stem cuttings

The effectiveness of six IBA and fourNAA concentrations, four combinations of IBA and NAAconcentrations, and control were tested for theirability to enhance rooting frequency (%) ofDouglas-fir cuttings. Two IBA and one NAA treatmentswere also compared to the control for quality of rootsystem. Between 1984 and 1998, six independentstudies were conducted in mist or fog environmentswith the same 11 or 14 clones. Auxin concentrationstested ranged from 0 to 123 mM IBA and 0 to 10 mM NAA. Auxin, clone, and auxin by clone effects weresignificant in every study, although individual cloneanalyses showed only two clones to differsignificantly for auxin. All auxin treatments but the10 uM NAA treatment induced significantly greaterrooting percentage than the control, but no singleauxin, auxin concentration or combination of auxinswas clearly superior in every study. The 10 mM NAAconcentration was the only concentration tested thatreduced rooting percentage to less than the control. Both NAA and IBA appeared to have broad ranges ofroot-enhancing activity. However, within theeffective range of IBA evaluated, 24.6 mM produced thegreatest rooting percentage in four of five studiestesting IBA. NAA solutions with concentrationsbetween 2.5 and 7.4 mM NAA generally resulted insimilar rooting success. Rooting responses toincreased IBA and NAA were both nonlinear; rootingdecreased with both too little and too much auxin. Combinations of IBA and NAA in the same solution didnot increase rooting percentage above what wasachieved with one auxin. For root system quality,auxin treated cuttings in one study, had significantlybetter root systems than control, but there was nodifference in the other study in which root qualitywas estimated.     

落叶松扦插繁殖配套技术的研究

从3个主要途径收集了落叶松优良品系,建立了采穗圃,营造了对比试验林。对优良品系无性苗扦插技术进行了较全面研究,结果表明:(1)在扦插基质选择上,以河沙为好;(2)插穗地径与生根有较大关系,采穗时应尽量剪取地径大于1.8 mm的插穗;(3)母树年龄越小,插穗生根效果越好,据此,采穗圃以经营5 a为宜;(4)不同品系落叶松的扦插生根能力不同;(5)不同配比、不同浓度的激素至关重要,采用IBA50%+IAA20%+NAA30%的质量分数为5.0×10-5 浓度溶液和IBA60%+IAA20%+NAA20%的质量分数为1.5×10-4 浓度溶液,辅以适量烟酸及链霉素等增效剂处理落叶松插穗,其生根可稳定在80%以上。     

Adventitious rooting in shoot cuttings of Azadirachta indica and Pongamia pinnata

Adventitious rooting in shoot cuttings of neem (Azadirachta indica) and karanj (Pongamia pinnata) was investigated in different seasons. The influence of auxins and B-vitamins (neem only) was evaluated. Maximum rhizogenesis coincided with the emergence of new sprouts i.e. February (neem) and March (karanj). Considering both rooting percentage and root biomass, IBA was the most effective auxin tested. Compared to auxin free controls, IBA (1000 ppm in neem and 800 ppm in karanj) significantly increased adventitious rooting percentage (80 to 100 % respectively), the numbers of roots and root biomass for both species. In neem, B-vitamin treatment yielded 40–50% rooting for cuttings. This was significantly greater than rooting for controls but equivalent to IAA treatments. In neem, some of the cuttings treated with 2000–3000 ppm IBA had well developed root systems without any sprouts. In karanj, all auxin treatments promoted sprouting. The level of total soluble sugars in the rooting zone of neem and karanj was higher in non-rooted than rooted cuttings.     

外源生长素对杜梨组培不定芽生根及相关氧化酶的影响

【目的】为了解生长素诱导杜梨不定根发生效应,明确不定根诱导过程与氧化酶活性间的关系,从而为杜梨等难生根植物的生根研究提供理论指导和技术借鉴。【方法】以连续继代培养的杜梨不定芽为材料,调查了不同种类(NAA、IBA和IAA)和浓度(0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg·L^-1)的生长素对不定芽生根的影响情况,分别在生根诱导0、4、8、12、16 d后观察不定根发育的内外组织形态,测定并分析相关酶活性的变化情况。【结果】外源生长素均能促进不定芽不定根的发生,在相同种类的生长素处理下,浓度分别为0.1和2.0 mg·L^-1处理的各项生根指标均显著低于浓度分别为0.5和1.0 mg·L^-1处理的。以NAA诱导产生的愈伤组织较大且松软易脱落,不利于其后期的移栽成活;以IBA处理的生根率显著高于NAA和IAA处理的,其中以浓度为0.5 mg·L^-1的IBA处理的各项生根指标均最优。对其组织形态的观察结果表明,杜梨不定根发生类型属于诱生根原基,经IBA处理4 d后,其茎基部表皮颜色变红,内部根原基发生于韧皮部和维管束形成层交界处,诱导8 d后茎段外部出现了愈伤组织且组织内部根原基已形成,诱导12 d后不定根突破表皮向外生长。在杜梨不定芽生根过程中,SOD和PPO活性在诱导的0~4 d内均快速上升,在诱导的4~12 d内均下降,而在诱导的12~16 d内均呈现缓慢上升的变化趋势;IAAO活性总体呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且每个时期的活性均显著高于对照组;POD活性呈现出上升→下降→上升→下降的变化趋势,2个峰值分别出现在诱导4 和12 d之时。【结论】0.5 mg·L^-1的IBA可有效促进连续继代培养的杜梨不定芽的生根,其不定根的形成过程与氧化酶有密切的关系。     

植物生长调节剂对沙枣嫩枝扦插生根的影响

以1 a生实生苗半木质化嫩枝插穗为材料进行扦插生根试验，采用速浸法研究不同质量分数的外源植物生长调节物质对其生根的影响。结果显示：在河沙基质上，选择适当质量分数的外源植物生长调节物质能有效地提高沙枣嫩枝插穗的生根率和生根质量，其中，以质量分数为200×10-6的ABT6溶液处理的效果最佳，生根率可达83.3％。     

灰毡毛忍冬新品种组培苗生根的研究

以灰毡毛忍冬新品种‘金翠蕾’的组培无菌苗为试材,研究了不同生长素、活性炭、培养温度对组培苗生根的影响。研究结果表明,不同生长素、活性炭浓度、培养温度对组培苗生根的影响显著。生根培养的适宜生长素为IBA,适当低温有利于灰毡毛忍冬组培苗生根,组培苗生根培养的适宜温度为20℃。适宜的生根培养基是1/2MS+IBA3.0mg.L-1+活性炭210mg.L-1。     

The use of isozyme genetic markers to estimate the rate of outcrossing in a Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) seed orchard in Scotland

Effects of genotype, collection date, auxin treatment, crown position and artificial chilling on rooting and subsequent vegetative growth of Cupressus sempervirens L. softwood cuttings taken from 13-year-old plants were evaluated. Three different clones (318, 296 and 22) previously selected for resistance to cypress cortical cancer caused by Seiridium cardinale were used. In all these clones, both the IBA treated and the untreated cuttings showed seasonal periodicity of rooting. Untreated cuttings rooted best when collected in April (up to 49% for the best clone, i.e. 296) and rooted very poorly in July and October. Auxin treatments appeared unable to overcome this periodicity, as the cuttings taken in July and October did not respond to IBA stimulation. However, in January and April, IBA treatments enhanced adventitious root formation of poorly rooting clones (318 and 22), as well as of clone 296, which performed best (89%) when cuttings were treated in April with 1.5% IBA. Cuttings of each clone collected in the lower third of the crown of the donor trees showed a significantly higher rooting percentage, when compared with those from the upper third. A 4-week post-severance chilling treatment (4°C) significantly enhanced the rooting capacity of cuttings taken in January, while a longer chilling treatment (8 weeks) had a negative effect. The subsequent growth of the rooted cuttings was not affected by either the crown position of the severed cuttings, or the genotype.