马鹿花人工林研究进展

对目前国内马鹿花人工林的造林条件、造林效果、籽实等的利用以及放养紫胶虫的研究成果进行了概述：（1）马鹿花的造林条件为海拔在1500m以下的无霜冻地区；（2）利用马鹿花在澜沧江、怒江等流域1500m海拔的干热河谷地区进行引种造林，取得了很好的生态和经济效益；（3）利用马鹿花的籽实作动物饲料、食品等都取得了良好的效果；（4）马鹿花放养紫胶产量高、效果好，其植株是优秀的薪炭材。根据以上研究结果指出了该种植物现阶段研究的不足，并指明今后研究发展的方向。     

杉木幼林与大豆立体复合经营模式及其综合效益的研究

通过６ａ试验，提出了杉木幼林与大豆立体复合经营模式，其中包括：选择抗旱、耐瘠、高产稳产、适宜杉木幼林立体经营的大豆良种（本试验从７８个品种中筛选出６个优良品种），适时播种（春大豆４月１日～１５日，夏大豆５月１５～２５日），合理的株行距（２０～５０ｃｍ）和每个播种穴合理留苗数（２～４株／穴），用钙镁磷出作基肥（２２５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２），因地制宜施少量氮肥（尿素３７．５～７５．０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２），适宜立体复合经营的杉木幼林应为造林后１～２ａ，林地应为阳坡，豆株与幼树的距离３３ｃｍ以上。杉木—大豆立体经营，不仅能增加粮食和直接经济收入，而且提高了光能利用率，改善林地小气候，减少林地水土流失，改良了土壤，使杉木幼林年生长量比一级提高２０％左右。     

马鹿花不同混交模式造林研究

2010～2012年在怒江流域等海拔1500m以下的干热河谷地区进行马鹿花不同混交模式造林试验研究。结果表明,在造林中最有推广应用价值的混交模式为马鹿花×小叶榕,其种植效果好,其次为马鹿花X印度黄檀X小叶榕X高山榕×零星大青树混交模式。方差分析结果表明,不同混交模式对马鹿花的株高、地径和冠幅均具有显著影响。     

杉木幼林套种大豆良种选育及其品种稳定性分析的研究

本项研究收集了浙江、江西、江苏等省夏（秋）大豆优良品种８２个，在１～３年生杉木幼林中进行套种筛选试验。通过３地点４年的研究，筛选出９个抗旱耐瘠、高产稳产和适宜幼林套种的林用大豆优良品种。其种子产量比浙江省林业部门近几年推广的套种品种“野猪戳”增产１０％～１０７％。经Ｔａｉ模型分析，确定其中３个品种为高产稳定性品种，可在浙西、浙南山区杉木幼林套种中推广应用。     

马鹿花引种栽培及放养紫胶虫效果的研究

<正> 马鹿花(Pueraia Wallichii DC.)是近年来我国紫胶生产中筛选的优良灌木寄主植物。在生产中已推广种植。1978—1982年我所对马鹿花进行了引种栽培及放养紫胶虫试验。一、形态和生长习性1.形态马鹿花为蝶形花科葛藤属的一种缠绕灌木,植株下部直立,顶部常呈藤状缠绕,高约2—4米,枝条细长无毛,托叶宿存;三出复叶,     

重迎茬大豆栽培技术要点

我国大豆适宜多种用途的深加工，发展前景广阔，是进口大豆无法比拟的，可直接应用于油脂、饲料、畜牧、食品、医药、保健品等行业，在国民经济发展中起着重要作用。2004年国家又对黑龙江省免征农业税，发放粮补及良种补贴资金，极大地激发了农民的生产积极性。逊克县地处黑龙江省东北部，小兴安岭北麓，黑龙江的南岸。主要种植作物为春大豆，种植面积达91％以上，     

1-(β,γ-环氧丙氧甲基)-7-异丙基-4-甲基薁的合成及结构鉴定(英文)

在相转移催化作用下，将７异丙基４甲基１甲醇（２）和环氧氯丙烷进行反应，成功地合成了新的反应型类化合物１（β，γ环氧丙氧甲基）７异丙基４甲基（１）。本反应条件比较简单，较佳条件下分离的目的物摩尔得率达到了６４％。目的物（１）的化学结构（Ｆｉｇ．２）经过ＵＶＶｉｓ、ＩＲ、ＨＲＭＳ和１ＨＮＭＲ等数据分析得到了完满的鉴定。     

高油大豆高产栽培技术

1概论 高油大豆高产栽培技术，是指推广高油大豆品种为核心，集“垄三”栽培技术、平衡施肥技术、种子包衣技术、病虫草害综合防治技术及生产调节剂应用技术为一体的综合生产栽培技术，实现高油大豆高产、优质。     

大豆根系土壤中微生物的初步研究

大豆根系土壤中，细菌数量最多，其次为放线菌，真菌数量最少，其群体数量受土壤pH值影响较大。大豆根际土壤微生物总数明显高于大豆根外土壤微生物总数，土壤湿度对微生物习性及繁殖有决定性效应。     

野大豆医药保健品

野大豆是我国特有的珍贵植物资源,且药用价值极高。本成果成功地从野大豆中提取了大豆异黄酮、大豆皂甙、大豆低聚糖、大豆磷脂等珍贵药用成分,而且纯度达90%以上。从大豆中提取的异黄酮、皂甙等药物成分,对人类抗癌、治疗心脑血管病、增强人体免     

New megastigmane sesquiterpene and indole alkaloid glucosides from the aerial parts of Bupleurum chinense DC

A new megastigmane sesquiterpene glucoside named chaihuxinoside A (1), and a new indole diglucoside named chaihuxinoside B (9) were isolated from the aerial parts of Bupleurum chinense DC. along with eight known compounds. Structures of two new compounds were elucidated by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. Chaihuxinosides A and B were characterized as 11-hydroxyl-4-en-3,9-dioxo- megastigmane-11-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), and 3-carboxy-indole-10-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (9), respectively.     

Mistletoes of the agroforestry parklands of Burkina Faso

In sahelian countries, parklands are very important for human populations from an economic point of view. Unfortunately, they are currently being threatened by pests such as Loranthaceae which are stem parasites. In Burkina Faso, six species of Loranthaceae have been identified and located geographically: Agelanthus dodoneifolius (DC.) Polh. & Wiens, Englerina leucardii (Engl.) Balle, Globimetula cupulata (DC.) Van Tieghem, Tapinanthus bangwensis (Engl. & K. Krause) Danser, T. globiferus (A. Rich.) Van Tieghem and T. ophiodes (Sprague) Danser. Agelanthus dodoneifolius is by far the most widespread in the country whereas Globimetula cupulata is strictly located in the southeast. A list of their hosts has been established showing: 154 species dispatched in 96 genera and 42 families. Among them, the most frequently parasitized families are the Caesalpiniaceae, the Combretaceae and the Mimosaceae. A biological cycle scheme showing the main phenological stages common to the six Loranthaceae observed in Burkina Faso is reported. Based on a review of the damage caused by Loranthaceae, pruning, chemical treatments, genetic selection of resistant individuals and biological control are suggested as possible control methods.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

云南产白兰花和叶挥发油的化学成分研究

用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了春季产白兰叶(LM-1)和夏季产白兰花(FM)和叶(LM-2)的挥发油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术并结合计算机检索对其挥发油的香气成分进行了分析.分别从春季产白兰叶、夏季产白兰花和叶的挥发油中鉴定出了74、80及88个成分.用面积归一法测定了3种挥发油中各种成分的GC含量,各占总峰面积的96.8%、97.7%和98.9%.白兰花油和叶油的主要成分基本相同,它们分别是芳樟醇、α -小茴香烯、丁香油酚甲醚、反式罗勒烯、2,4-二异丙烯基-1-甲基-1-乙烯基环己烷、石竹烯、大根叶烯 D、异丁香油酚甲醚、橙花叔醇、α -葎草烯、桉叶油素等.     

树木菌根真菌——美味红菇复合制剂的生物效应*

在探明菌根真菌美味红菇生理活性物质的基础上,为使其实用化,又从该菌的发酵液中提取并研制成真菌复合制剂。除在医学上进行了一系列抗菌活性试验外,同时还在育苗造林上,利用不同树种进行防病保苗促进生长的生物活性试验。本文主要报道应用美味红菇复合制剂对几种亚热带针阔叶树种幼苗和种子进行体内生物活性的试验结果。目的在于观察和研究该复合制剂对促进幼苗生长和提高抗生能力的生物效应,以便进一步开拓美味红菇复合制剂的有效应用范围和途径。     

杨木表面强化浸渍液的单因素试验

采用浸渍处理法,进行人工林杨木表面强化浸渍液较佳配比的试验。选取3种不同的浸渍液,进行每种浸渍液不同配比的单因素试验,并以转化率为主要考核指标。结果表明:浸渍液A和浸渍液B的较佳配比均为3水平;浸渍液C的较佳配比是5水平,为后续浸渍工艺的研究奠定基础。     

Basal area growth and mortality of Betula maximowicziana affected by crown dieback in a secondary forest in Hokkaido, northern Japan

Since the late 1990s, decline of B. maximowicziana Regel has been observed in mature secondary forests in various parts of Hokkaido, northern Japan. To develop a method of thinning for large-timber production of B. maximowicziana, we measured basal area growth and the mortality of 217 trees during a four-year period (1999–2003) in a 90-year-old secondary forest with serious tree damage. We analyzed growth and mortality in relation to the degree of crown dieback (DC), symmetric and asymmetric competition from neighbors, and initial tree size. Individual basal area growth decreased with increasing DC, with increasing symmetric (two-sided) competition, and with decreasing initial tree size. During the four-year period, 4.1% of the observed trees died. Logistic regression analysis revealed that mortality rate increased with increasing DC and with increasing symmetric competition. These results suggest that both growth and mortality rates were affected by the same factors (i.e., DC and symmetric competition). We concluded that the resource for which individuals were competing at the study site was underground, most likely water. Modeled growth and mortality rates can be used to improve the management of damaged forests. A management plan for the damaged study site is proposed.     

桔梗药材质量分析

分析桔梗药材中有效成分含量、重金属和农药残留,为桔梗的质量控制和标准制定提供依据。方法:采用原子吸收光谱法测定铅、砷、镉,ICPMS法测定汞的含量,气相色谱法测定有机氯农药残留量。结果:桔梗总皂苷10.18%,铅(0.05mg/kg,汞(0.01mg/kg,砷(0.14mg/kg,镉(0.09mg/kg,BHC(8ug/kg,DDT(4ug/kg,PCNB未检出。结论:桔梗药材中含一定量重金属。     

Durability of thermally modified timber from industrial-scale processes in different use classes: Results from laboratory and field tests

Material from four common European processes of industrial heat treatment of timber was examined comparatively with reference to biological laboratory standard tests and field tests in soil contact and above ground. The thermally modified timber (TMT) used in the study was: Plato wood from the Netherlands, ThermoWood from Finland, New Option Wood (NOW) from France, and oil-heat-treated wood (OHT) produced in Germany. Tests of resistance to basidiomycetes (EN 113, 1996) and tests of resistance to soft rotting microfungi and other soil-inhabiting microorganisms (EN 807, 1997) showed substantially lower mass losses of TMT compared with controls. Only slight differences in mass loss were found between the four thermally modified materials. Based on results from laboratory standard tests all tested heat-treated materials were classified as durable to moderately durable [durability class (DC) 2-4], analogous to the classification of natural durability (EN 350-1, 1994). In contrast, the classification of TMT samples after 5.5 years' exposure in soil contact, in accordance with EN 252 (1990), was slightly durable to not durable (DC 4-5), whereas the classification obtained after 5.5 years' exposure in double layers in European hazard class (EHC) 3 (EN 335-1, 1992) was very durable to moderately durable (DC 1-3). On the basis of 5.5 years' field testing, thermally modified material (independent of the treatment process and supplier) appears not to be suitable for in-ground contact application. However, the suitability of TMT for use out of ground in EHC 3 was ascertained and is recommended.     

华南忍冬扦插育苗技术研究

为掌握华南忍冬扦插育苗技术,取8个月以上枝龄的枝条作穗条,选择不同基质、不同浸泡时间、多种激素不同浓度、不同季节的试验处理,分别对华南忍冬进行扦插育苗试验研究.结果表明在春冬季,以红心土、河沙和椰糠按6∶3∶1的比例均匀混合配置作为扦插基质,采用IBA在500 mg/L浓度时浸泡10s进行华南忍冬扦插育苗效果较理想.     

Structure of a novel diterpenoid ester,fritillahupehin from bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao and K.C. Hsia

A new diterpenoid ester, fritillahupehin (1) together with three known fatty acids: palmitic acid (2), lignoceric acid (3) and azelaic acid (4) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao and K.C. Hsia. The structure of fritillahupehin has been established to be ent-kauran-16beta-yl lignocerate by means of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Compounds 2-4 were isolated from Fritillaria sp. for the first time.