Notes on genus Eurydoxa Filipjev （Lepidoptera： Tortricidae） in China

Genus Eurydoxa Filipjev in China is reviewed and noted for the first time. Based on the present study, two species are recognized, including rhodopa Diakonoff and advena Filipjev. All available information for the species is reviewed and provided.     

Forest utilization patterns and socio-economic status of the Van Gujjar tribe in sub-Himalayan tracts of Uttarakhand, India

The present study was conducted on the Van Gujjar tribe inhabiting a sub-Himalayan tract in the North Western Himalayas of Uttarakhand State,India.The Van Gujjars have been practicing transmigration over hundreds of years.They migrate each year with their households and livestock between summer and winter pastures.A few years ago with the announcement of the establishment of the Rajaji National Park,the tribe has been forced out of the forest area and rehabilitated outside the park,which has affected their lifestyle.The newly established rehabilitation colony in the Gandikhata area of Haridwar District of Uttarakhand State was taken as a case study.The aims of the present study were to understand and evaluate the socio-economic status of the Van Gujjars in their newly established rehabilitation colony,the utilization pattern of forest resources by the tribe and their relative preference for selective trees for various uses.A total of 176 households were interviewed (giving equal weight to all economic classes and family every size) by using pre-structured questionnaires.The education level was very low (12.9%) and the average income per household was recorded as Rs.36000 (approximately $ 803) per year.The major source of income was dairy production (80.6%) followed by labor employment (13.9%),NTFPs (4.2%) and agricultural production (1.4%).More than 90% of fuel wood and fodder is extracted from the forest.The average fuel wood and fodder consumptions per household per day were recorded as 25.86 and 21.58 kg,respectively.A total of 35 species of cultivated plants and 89 species of wild plants were found to be utilized as food sources.Selectively 25 wild tree species are well known as being used by the Van Gujjars as fodder,fuel wood,agricultural implements,household articles,dye,medicine,fiber and other products.According to their utility value,the most preferred and useful tree species is Ougeinia oojeinensis,followed by Terminalia alata,Bombax ceiba,Shorea robusta and Dalbergia sissoo.     

Distribution and Host Plants of Asemini in China and Potential Invasive Threat of Alien Species

Asemini is a Northern Hemisphere cerambycid tribe,and an important forest pest, mainly causing damage to coniferous plants.More important,as one kind of quarantine insects,Asemini can bring about many troubles in timber trade, therefore,the alien species should be paid more attentions and need to be quarantined in order to prevent them to be introduced to China.In China, there are 4 genus 26 species of Asemini.Host plants of Asemini include 15 genus 36 species of 7 families, and the main host plants are in Pinus,accounting for 30.56%of the total.A fauna analysis indicated that 15 species of Asemini distributed in the Palareartic Realm,accounting for 57.69%of the total. The species predominated in China,probably because gymnosperms were the main vegetable type in this region.This paper lists all the known species and genera of Asemini and their host plants in China,and discusses their distribution.The aim is to arouse the concerns of these insects and provide a reference for the relevant work.     

A comparative study of mangrove ? oras in China and India

Species compositions in the mangrove habitats of China and India, especially on Hainan Island (China) and on the Sundarbans and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands (India), are of interest, showing several similarities and differences. The total mangrove areas of India cover about 6419 km 2 with 43 species (23 major and 20 minor species), while the mangrove areas of China cover about 150 km 2 with 26 speices (19 major and 7 minor speices). We carried out a comparison of mangrove floras in the Indian Sundarbans, Andaman & Nicobar Islands and in Hainan Island. The mangrove areas of the Indian Sundarbans comprise about 66.5% of the total Indian mangroves, presently covering an area of 4267 km 2 with 35 species from 22 genera and 16 families. There are 34 species from 17 genera and 13 families in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Hainan Island is considered a distribution center of mangroves; it has the largest number of mangrove species in China, i.e., 25 species from 15 genera and 12 families, accounting for about 96% of the total number of mangrove species in China. The mangroves of Hainan Island and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands belong to island types, while those of Sundarbans belong to inter-tidal deltaic types. Differences in soil type, rainfall, temperature, tidal fluctuation and other climatic features possibly cause variations in floristic composition of these regions.     

An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by ethnic people in West and South district of Tripura,India

An ethno-medicinal investigation was conducted to highlights the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants being used by the tribe in West and South district of Tripura. This paper provides information about the different uses of plants used in their primary health care system. Tripura is a small north-eastern state of India and also a part of both Himalayan and Indo-Burma biodiversity region. It is a goldmine of medicinal plants and use of different plants in tribal traditional heath care systems has long history. Nineteen different tribes in Tripura, depend on natural resources at a great extent. This paper documented 113 medicinal plant species from 56 families along with their botanical name, local name, family name, habit, medicinal parts used, and traditional usage of application. The dominant families are Euphorbiaceae (7 species), Apocynaceae (6 species), Fabaceae and Rubiaceae (5 species each), Caesalpiniaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae and Verbenaceae (4 species each), Combretaceae, Labiatae, Malvaceae, Rutaceae and Zingiberaceae (3 species each). Tribes of Tripura have rich traditional knowledge on plant based medicine. Different parts of the plants in crude form/plant extracts/decoctions/infusion or pastes are employed in diverse veterinary and human diseases by the tribe’s of Tripura in daily life.     

Regeneration dynamics of dominant tree species along an altitudinal gradient in moist temperate valley slopes of the Garhwal Himalaya

The present study was undertaken in moist temperate forest of Mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim of the present study was to understand the regeneration dynamics of the dominant tree species along an altitudinal gradient in naturally regenerating, restricted access forest. The overall regeneration status was fairly high in the study area. Most of the native canopy and undercanopy dominants had frequent reproduction and expanding populations, which suggests the stability of forest structure/composition and further expansion of dominant species. The overall regeneration of trees in the forest had a greater contribution of middle and understorey species. Because of infrequent reproduction and declining populations of some of the dominant native species viz., Abies pindrow, Alnus nepalensis and Betula alnoides, structural/compositional changes in the future are expected in respective forests dominated by them. Abies pindrow and Taxus baccata need immediate attention by forest managers for their survival in the area. Seedlings were found to be more prone to competition from herb and shrubs than saplings.     

Two new species,new distributional data and a key to Chinese species of Pseudoligosita(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Eight species of Pseudoligosita(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)from China are reviewed,including two new species:P.processa sp.nov.and P.qiluensis sp.nov.New distributional data for six species and a key to all the Chinese species of the genus are provided.     

桐花树毛颚小卷蛾生物学特性及发生规律

Lasiognatha cellifera was one of the main defoliators for the Aegiceras corniculatum which was main tree of mangrove, and identified as new record of species in China L. cellifera had 7 generations per year in Zhangzhou area, Fujian Province and overwintered as pupa in the rolled leaf. Adult moth emerged in last-May, mating and laying egg on back of leaf soon. Egg period lasted 5 d, larvae period lasted 13—17 d, pupa periods lasted about 6 d but overwinter-pupa lasted about 150d, adult moth life-span was 4—5 d. The periods were related to the diversification of temperature, and the periods decreased with the increase of temperature. A. corniculatum in the front of seashore were harmed seriously for the reason that they growed weakly and L. cellifera was not adept in flying. Protecting natural enemies such as bird, parasitism etc., alluring adult moth,spraying Dimilin m in 2 000 concentration when it occurred seriously will control L. cellifera effectively.     

东北地区龟甲属五个新纪录种及中国一个新记录种记述

本文记述了东北地区龟甲亚科龟甲属五个新记录种,分别是Cassida mandli Spaeth, Cassida nobilis Linnaeus, Cassida piperata Hope, Cassida velaris Weise, Cassida amurensis (Kraatz),和中国一个新记录种Cassida flaveola Thunberg.所采标本全部存放在东北林业大学昆虫收藏室.本文编写了东北地区龟甲属检索表.     

我国中亚热带国外松种子园主要害虫研究

文章报导了我国中亚热带地区湿地松、火炬松和晚松种子园和母树林中的害虫种类 ,共 3 4种 ,涉及 7目 1 8科。对种子园投产前期和投产期纵坑切梢小蠹 Tomicuspiniperda、微红梢斑螟 Dioryctria rubella和松实小卷蛾 Retinia cristata的危害情况和生物学特性作了叙述     

FIRE IN NORTHEAST CHINA FORESTS

Fire plays an important role in Northeast China forests,The occurrence of fires isclosely related to the environmental characteristics.High temperature,drought,and strong wind inspring(March to July)and autumn(September to November)are common fire climatic character-istics in Northeast China.Based on the chemical and physical characters of fuels,fuel quantity dis-tribution,sites as well as fire potential behaviour,fourteen fuel types have been classified inNortheast China Forest area.The fire adaptation of several main tree species has been also analysedin this paper.These species are widely distributed and of great economic significance in NortheastChina.Fire use is paid much more attention recently.Fire have been employed in many silviculturepractice such as fireline creation,fuels reduction and seed bed preparation in Northeast China     

One new species and one new record species of Acerophagus(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from China with a key to Chinese species

Two species of Acerophagus from Yunnan Province, China, are reported. One species, A. ovaliclavus sp. nov., is described as new to science, and one species, A.solidus Hayat is reported as new to China. A key to all described species from China based on females is given.All the type materials are deposited in the insect collections of Northeast Forestry University, China.     

Significance of the leaf epidermis fingerprint for taxonomy of Genus Rhododendron

Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron （ Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii） were observed by optical microscope with nail polish expression method in Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Ministry Education China in Northeast Forestry University in 2004. The leaf morphological features including of stomata types, characters of guard cells, subsidiary cells in lower epidermis were observed. And ordinary cells （in shape and anticlinal walls feature） as well as the trichomes in both sides of the leaves are described in detail. The results showed that there were three types of stoma in six investigated Rhododendron species, from which Pericytic stomata type exists in three species （Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum）, Anomocytic stomatal type in Rh. Redowskianum, Diacytic stomata type in Rh. aureaum and Rh. schlippenbachii. The subsidiary cells of the Pericytic and Diacytic stomata type are different in shape and surface feature between the species, respectively. The ordinary epidermal cells show a variety from quadrangular to hexagonal, polygonal or irregular in surface view, the anticlinal walls are straight or sinuose. Trichomes （gland scales） are present in the both of the leaf sides in three species （Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum）. All of these detail leaf features show specific specificity of leave finger print for 6 rhododendrons.     

A Check of Polypores on Larix in Northeast China

Polypore species growing on species of Larix Mill, in Northeast China were investigated during 1993~2003, and 73 polypores were recorded. Among them 25 species (ca. 34.2%) are considered as rare species, 28 species (ca. 38.4%) are occasional species, and 20 species (ca. 27.4%) are the common species. Gloeophyllum protractum (Fr.) Imazeki is new record to China.     

我国东北地区树木引种驯化概况及发展策略

引种驯化是林木育种的重要手段,其不仅丰富了本地的树种资源,改善现有树种组成及比例,而且带来显著经济效益,也是保护生物多样性和景观生态平衡的需要,因此受到人们的极大重视。文中综述我国东北地区树木引种驯化情况,发现截至目前已成功引种63科、119属、500余种,主要包括用材树种、经济树种、观赏树种和生态树种;总结引种过程中的成功经验,讨论其中存在的问题,提出树木引种发展策略,以期为今后东北地区开展树木引种工作提供参考。     

中国平背叶蜂亚科(膜翅目:叶蜂科)新属新种记述附平背叶蜂族已知属检索表(英文)

记述中国平背叶蜂亚科 ３ 新属 ４ 新种：黄褐金叶蜂,新属新种 Ｊｉｎｉａ ｆｕｌｖａｎａ ｇｅｎ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎ．, 郑氏金叶蜂,新种 Ｊｉｎｉａ ｚｈｅｎｇｉｓｐ． ｎ．, 细角奇元叶蜂,新属新种 Ｔｈａｕｍ ａｔｏｔａｘｏｎｕｓ ｔｅｎｕ ｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ Ｗ ｅｉ, ｇｅｎ ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎ．, 小眼刘氏叶蜂,新属新种 Ｙｕｓｈｅｎｇ ｌｉｕａ ｍ ｉｃｒｏｃｕｌａｇｅｎ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎ．． 编制了Ｊｉｎｉａ 属已知种和 Ａｌｌａｎｔｉｎｉ族世界已知属检索表．     

中国夜蛾科二新记录种及一大陆新记录种记述

本文报道了分布于黑龙江省塔和地区的2个中国夜蛾科新记录种：北方纬夜蛾Atrachea japonica （Leech, 1889） 和暗绿丫金翅夜蛾Autographa macrogamma （Eversmann, 1842）,同时首次将以新种记述于韩国和台湾省的中文夜蛾Neustrotia rectilineata Ueda, 1987在大陆予以报道.对标本材料的外部形态特征、生殖器图片和世界性分布予以记述.所用标本材料收藏在东北林业大学林学院昆虫实验室.