Antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activities of Teucrium montanum

The antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activities of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts of Teucrium montanum were investigated. Ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-butanol extracts expressed a wide range of inhibiting activity against both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. n-Butanol extract possessed potent DPPH free radical scavenging activity.     

Preliminary antinociceptive, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Leucas aspera root

The ethanolic extract of Leucas aspera root was subjected to acetic acid induced writhing inhibition, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay for screening of antinociceptive, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity, respectively. The extract produced significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid induced writhing in mice at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg. The extract showed a significant free radical scavenging activity with an IC(50) of 8 microg/ml. The extract showed significant lethality to brine shrimp with an LC(50) value.     

Antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activity of Gentianella nitida

The antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extract and fractions of Gentianella nitida have been assessed. The most susceptible microorganisms were Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum. The antifungal activity was concentrated in the 90% methanol and nonsoluble fractions, while the radical scavenging activity was stronger in the ethyl acetate and nonsoluble fractions.     

Antioxidant activity of Pyrrosia petiolosa

The ethanol extract of Pyrrosia petiolosa showed an antioxidant activity as determined by free radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation, and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA strand scission assays.     

Effects of Erigeron breviscapus ethanol extract on neuronal oxidative injury induced by superoxide radical

Antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Erigeron breviscapus (EEEB) were studied by using neuron oxidative injury model induced by superoxide radical. EEEB at the dose of 10-140 mug/ml reduced significantly the lipid peroxidation levels and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release from neuron exposed to superoxide radical (generated by xanthine and xanthine oxidase). These results suggest that neuroprotective actions of EEEB may be due to its antioxidant or radical scavenging activity.     

Antioxidant activity of Filipendula hexapetala flowers

The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Filipendula hexapetala flowers was assessed by the assay for ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the assay for DPPH free radical scavenging ability (DPPH) and the assay for the influence of lipid peroxidation in liposomes, induced by Fe(2+)/ascorbate system and measured by the TBA test (LP). The activity of the investigated extract in all test-systems was found to be significant. The principal constituent responsible for the observed effects was isolated and identified as spiraeoside.     

印度黄檀叶多酚提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究

目的]印度黄檀叶含有多酚及类黄酮物质,研究印度黄檀叶多酚及其抗氧化活性,可为其利用提供依据。[方法]以印度黄檀叶为原料,乙醇为提取液,经单因素实验与正交试验设计,检测在不同乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度及超声功率120 w时3个因素进行响应面优化试验,确定印度黄檀多酚的提取工艺;同时,鉴定印度黄檀叶乙醇-水提取液对DPPH-自由基的清除能力。[结果]低浓度印度黄檀叶多酚能发挥更强的抗氧化能力,其提取液对清除DPPH自由基的半数抑制质量浓度(IC_(50))约为3.2 mg·L~(-1),略大于Vc的2.5 mg·L~(-1);不过,其还原能力略低于Vc。[结论]印度黄檀叶内富含多酚类物质,具有很强的体外抗氧化活性,可作为天然抗氧化植物资源开发利用。     

Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antifungal furanosesquiterpenoids isolated from Commiphora erythraea (Ehrenb.) Engl. resin

The topical anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging and antifungal activities of essential oils and extracts of Commiphora erythraea (Ehrenb.) Engl. resin were investigated. The hexane extract significantly inhibited oedema when applied topically in Croton oil-induced ear oedema assay in mice. The same extract showed antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging assay. A bioguided separation of the hexane extract led to the isolation of furanosesquiterpenoids 1 and 2 that showed a weak antifungal activity, while compounds 3-5 resulted to be antioxidant (EC₅₀ 4.28, 2.56 and 1.08 mg/mL, respectively) and anti-inflammatory (30, 26 and 32% oedema reduction, respectively).     

Apoptotic and free radical scavenging properties of the methanolic extract of Gentianella alborosea

Gentianella alborosea ("Hercampure") is a Peruvian species used in folk medicine for the treatment of a variety of health disorders. We tested the free radical scavenging (DPPH) and induction of apoptosis on a human uterus tumor cell line (HeLa) by its methanolic extract. The results showed a noticeable radical scavenging activity and a dose-dependent apoptotic effect.     

不同蓝莓品种果实抗氧化能力比较研究

以引种栽培于湖南省森林植物园的5个蓝莓品种‘灿烂’、"蓝月"、‘库帕’、‘伯克利’、‘布里吉塔’为试验材料,测定其采收后的果实中可溶性多糖、Vc、还原型谷胱甘肽、总花色苷4种抗氧化物质的含量,并测定其果实中代表抗氧化活性的DPPH自由基清除能力和SOD的活性,同时分析比较4种抗氧化物质与DPPH自由基清除能力之间的相关性。结果表明:5个品种中‘蓝月’的Vc含量、还原型谷胱甘肽含量、总花色苷含量、DPPH自由基清除能力以及SOD活性均显著高于其他4个品种(P0.05);Vc含量、还原型谷胱甘肽含量以及总花色苷含量与DPPH自由基清除能力成显著正相关关系(P0.05);可溶性多糖含量与DPPH自由基清除能力相关性较弱。说明5个品种中‘蓝月’的抗氧化能力最强。     

Radical scavenging capacity of Agrimonia eupatoria and Agrimonia procera

The antioxidant activity of Agrimonia eupatoria (Agrimony) and Agrimonia procera (Fragrant agrimony) extracts was assessed by measuring in DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS(+) radical decolourisation reaction systems. Radical scavenging capacity of agrimony extracts varied in a wide range (9.1-97.5% in DPPH reaction and 6.7-79.5% in ABTS reaction) depending on the polarity of the solvent used to obtain the extract.     

12个楸树无性系叶片多酚含量与抗氧化活性

自由基具有强氧化性,机体衰老及多种疾病如肿瘤、炎症、神经退行性疾病、动脉粥样硬化等的诱发促进机制都与自由基有关[1]。自由基的减少,不仅要靠自身的清除系统,还需要外部抗氧化剂的协助。近年来,关于合成抗氧化剂的副作用受到人们更多的关注,因此,寻找安全、高效的植物源类抗氧化剂,已成为食品领域研究的热点。楸树(Catalpa bungei C.A.Mey.)为紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)梓属植物,落叶乔木,《本草纲目》记载楸树树皮、叶具有药     

Celastrus paniculatus seed water soluble extracts protect cultured rat forebrain neuronal cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury

The effects of aqueous extracts of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) seeds were shown to have antioxidant properties in rats. In the study reported here, we have investigated the free radical scavenging capacity of three aqueous extracts (WSEs) obtained from CP seeds: a room temperature extract (WF); a hot water extract (HF); an acid extract (AF). All the WSEs exhibited a dose-dependent free radical scavenging capacity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) and also for superoxide-generated assays (in vitro assays). In addition, we used enriched forebrain primary neuronal cell (FBNC) cultures to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of the three CP-WSE extracts on H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity. FBNC were pre-treated with the CP-WSE and then with H(2)O(2) to evaluate the protection afforded against H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity. The criteria for neuroprotection by the WSEs were based on a mitochondrial function test following the H(2)O(2)-induced neurotoxicity. All the WSEs significantly attenuated H(2)O(2)-induced neuronal death, and AF was the most effective in protecting the neuronal cells against oxidative injury caused by H(2)O(2). In 10 day FBNC, cellular superoxide dismutase activity was not affected by the WSEs or H(2)O(2), but catalase activity was decreased and levels of malondialdehyde were increased by H(2)O(2) treatment. When the neuronal cells were treated with WSEs prior to H(2)O(2) exposure, catalase activity was increased and levels of malondialdehyde were decreased significantly. The data presented here suggest that CP seed WSEs protected neuronal cells in part by their free radical scavenging properties, by reducing lipid peroxidation, and also by their ability to induce the antioxidant enzyme catalase. Our results indicate that WSEs might exert neuroprotective effects against increased oxidative stress resulting from free radical damage that is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases.     

山竹果皮提取物抗氧化活性研究

采用DPPH自由基清除能力、超氧自由基清除能力、β-胡萝卜素漂白抑制、还原力测定及抗脂质过氧化等试验方法对山竹果皮提取物及其二氯甲烷可溶部分、正丁醇可溶部分、水可溶部分进行抗氧化活性评估,同时对总酚含量进行测定。结果表明,山竹果皮提取物的各分离部位以正丁醇可溶部分的抗氧化活性最好,总酚含量也最高。因此,山竹果皮提取物正丁醇可溶部分具有极佳的抗氧化能力,有进一步开发应用的价值。     

Antifeedant activity of Momordica dioica fruit pulp extracts on Spodoptera litura

The hexane extract and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of the fruit pulp of Momordica dioica exhibited moderate and concentration dependent antifeedant activity against Spodoptera litura.     

Free radical scavenging activity of different extracts and some constituents from the leaves of Ligustrum vulgare and L. delavayanum

The free radical scavenging activity of the water infusions, different organic solvent extracts and some constituents from Ligustrum vulgare and Ligustrum delavayanum leaves was assessed with the aid of DPPH radical. Among the samples screened, water infusions had the strongest free radical scavenging capacity. From the tested compounds scavenging active flavonoid aglycones are present in the most active chloroform fractions from both leaves samples.     

In vitro antifungal activities of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) seed extract

Longan, Dimocarpus longan Lour., contains polyphenolic compounds which exhibit several pharmacological properties. This study aims to evaluate antifungal activities of longan fruit extract in comparison to its active compounds. The results showed that longan seed exhibited antifungal activity against the opportunistic yeasts (Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans). In contrast, longan pulp and whole fruit did not demonstrate any inhibitory effects. Ellagic acid showed the most potent antifungal activity followed by corilagin and gallic acid, respectively. Ellagic acid inhibited Candida parapsilosis and C. neoformans more effectively than Candida krusei and also some Candida albicans clinical strains. Baidam cultivar possessed higher antifungal activity (MIC=500-4000 μg/ml) as it contained higher contents of ellagic acid and gallic acid than Edor (MIC=1000-8000 μg/ml). For antibacterial activity, only corilagin and gallic acid possessed weak to moderate inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, respectively. Longan seed was then applied in the oral care products. Longan effervescent granule (5% extract) significantly reduced adhesion of C. albicans to acrylic strips. Mouthwash containing 0.5% extract exhibited good antifungal activity compared to a commercial product. These findings indicated that longan seed extract and its polyphenolic compounds can be used as an antifungal agent in oral care products for the treatment of opportunistic yeast infection.     

Phenolic constituents and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the flowers of Hypericum venustum

The phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of ethanol and water extract of the flowers of Hypericum venustum, collected in Turkey, were investigated. The extracts possess strong reducing power, free radicals and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, as well as metal chelating ability.     

Antidiabetic activity of hydro-ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus in alloxan induced diabetes in rats

In light of the traditional claim of Cyperus rotundus in the treatment of diabetes, investigations were carried out to evaluate its effect on alloxan induced hyperglycemia in rats. Oral daily administration of 500 mg/kg of the extract (once a day for seven consecutive days) significantly lowered the blood glucose levels. This antihyperglycemic activity can be attributed to its antioxidant activity as it showed the strong DPPH radical scavenging action in vitro.     

Investigation of in vitro anthelmintic activities of Pycnanthus angolensis and Sphenocentrum jollyanum

Extracts from Pycnanthus angolensis stem bark, and fruits and seeds of Sphenocentrum jollyanum, when tested in vitro, showed potent anthelmintic activity on the earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae. Methanolic extract of P. angolensis was more active than its chloroform extract (P<0.001), while fruit ethanolic extract of S. jollyanum was also more potent than the seed extract. When compared with other worms, S. jollyanum fruit extract showed the greatest activity on wireworms when tested at 80 mg/ml.