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1.
实现农业机械化的目的就是让机械作业替代人力作业,把人们从繁重的农事劳动中解脱出来,从而进一步达到农业生产的作业简易化、投入科学化、管理规范化和产出高效益。  相似文献   

2.
孙莹 《现代农业科技》2011,(15):284-285
介绍了盐城市2011年2月基本农业气象要素,对农作物越冬期生长状况及气象条件进行分析,并提出农事建议,以期为盐城市农作物管理提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
近代西方农业科技传入中国以后,出现了以农业科学试验和农产品种推广为主的农事试验场。南京国民政府成立以后,农业建设工作相继开展,河北省在省农矿厅督导下,形成了农业管理部门、农业教育部门、农业改良和推广部门,农业改良及推广机构不断完善。随着省立、县立地方农事试验场相继组建,各农事试验场结合当地气候、土壤等地理条件,选择试点各有侧重地进行农事实验,选定优良品种进行推广,特别是美棉等新品种的引进和种植,取得了一定成效。这些改良和推广活动,尽管在当时成效有限,但推动了河北省传统经验农业逐渐向近代试验农业转变的进程。  相似文献   

4.
为适应日益增长的农业气象产品服务需求,构建了陕西县级农业气象业务服务系统。系统采用省、市、县三级产品共享机制,统一产品格式、统一管理接口等方式对农业气象服务产品统一管理和网络共享。运用XML Web Service、SOAP、网络和通信等技术,实现县级农业气象服务产品的展示,气象资料的查询分析,特色农业、预警信息及农事建议的发布、农气指标、数据管理及用户管理等功能。陕西省县级农业气象服务系统已通过验收并投入业务运行。业务运行结果表明,解决了农业气象产品制作智能化、信息集约化管理、省市县级平台对接建设等方面的问题,满足现代农业气象服务发展的需求。  相似文献   

5.
正农业全程机械化云服务平台是应对信息化"互联网+"的时代浪潮,运用传感器技术、物联网、信息化技术结合现代农业发展需求打造的农业服务平台。云服务平台以农业增效提质、生态可持续为目标,以精准农业技术及智能装备为支撑,以"互联网+技术"为载体,在突破农机耕、种、管、收全程精准测控技术的基础上,构建农业全程机械化远程监管服务体系,实现了信息收集与发布、农机定位、作业检测与监管、农机调度与运维、农事决策管理、数据分析与作业结算等功能于一体的现代农业全程信息化服务云平台。  相似文献   

6.
为了针对性地研究黄土高原区各类农业环境地质问题的发生机制,制定相应的对策,对农业环境地质系统状况进行了评价研究,运用理论分析与实例验证方法,提出了农业环境地质系统包含农业地质环境和人类农事活动两子系统,某区农业环境地质系统的状态可由人类农事活动对农业地质环境要素的进占程度描述,并以信息熵理论来表征这一状态变化过程,探讨了区域农业环境地质系统状况的评价方法和步骤,最后以陕西省黄土地区为例进行了实际评价,结果与现实状况相吻合。  相似文献   

7.
为了针对性地研究黄土高原区各类农业环境地质问题的发生机制,制定相应的对策,对农业环境地质系统状况进行了评价研究,运用理论分析与实例验证方法,提出了农业环境地质系统包含农业地质环境和人类农事活动两子系统,某区农业环境地质系统的状态可由人类农事活动对农业地质环境要素的进占程度描述,并以信息熵理论来表征这一状态变化过程,探讨了区域农业环境地质系统状况的评价方法和步骤,最后以陕西省黄土地区为例进行了实际评价,结果与现实状况相吻合。  相似文献   

8.
我国广西壮族的农事歌谣种类繁多、丰富多样,其中根据应用意义不同可分为传输农业经验、鼓舞斗志和调节情绪、农业生产祭祀三大类。本文对三种不同的广西壮族农事歌谣进行分析,对其生存境况进行阐述,旨在为广西壮族农事歌谣的传承提供有力参考。  相似文献   

9.
结合黑龙江省2008年短期气候预测结果,综合考虑各种条件,分析了2008年农事活动季节的天气气候总趋势及农业气象年景,对可能出现的各种农业气象灾害进行初步估计,并分析了气象条件对农业生产的影响,提出相应的农业生产建议,为政府部门决策指导农业生产及广大农民合理安排农事生产活动提供科学参考.  相似文献   

10.
近年来,海盐县经济快速发展,随工业化、城市化的快速推进,农村青壮年劳动力大量转移,从事农事操作的农民大多年老体弱、文化素质相对较低。针对当前农事操作劳动强度大、技术要求高、作业时间紧、而现有的农业服务体系  相似文献   

11.
推进家庭农场适度规模经营是发展现代农业、建设社会主义新农村的必然趋势。选取粮食作物家庭农场为研究对象,对我国粮食作物家庭农场适度规模相关文献进行归纳与总结,主要针对粮食作物家庭农场的适度规模进行了比较,提出需确保粮食作物家庭收入达到当地城镇居民收入水平;种植水稻家庭农场的适度规模,应该约为10 hm~2,小麦的适度规模约为30 hm~2,无法达到规模的地区,应考虑种养结合、或者不同农作物的轮作和套种来实现适度规模经营;地理位置较偏远的山区,可考虑发展种植经济作物的家庭农场和农业合作社,利用合作社的优势为家庭农场的发展提供产业链服务,以期为我国的农业生产实践提供指导建议。  相似文献   

12.
农业集约化对生物多样性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在农业集约化过程中,生物多样性受到影响。生物多样性的减少在于化肥、农药的使用、农用地的扩大、单一种植和农业环境的破坏。但是农业集约化增加了农产品的数量,减少了垦荒,秸秆还田增加了土壤生物多样性。本文针对生物多样性的减少提出了相应对策。  相似文献   

13.
Adoption of precision agriculture technologies by German crop farmers   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
In recent years, precision farming has been receiving more attention from researchers. Precision farming, which provides a holistic system approach, helps farmers to manage the spatial and temporal crop and soil variability within a field in order to increase profitability, optimize yield and quality, and reduce costs. There has been considerable research in farmers’ adoption of precision agriculture technologies. However, most recent studies have considered only a few aspects, whereas in this study a wide range of farm characteristics and farmer demographics are tested to gain insight into the relevant aspects of adoption of precision farming in German crop farming. The results of a logistic regression analysis show that predictors with positive influence on the adoption of precision farming are agricultural contractor services such as an additional farming business, having under 5 years’ experience in crop farming, having between 16 and 20 years’ experience in crop farming, and having more than 500 ha of arable land. However, having a farm of less than 100 ha and producing barley are factors that exert a negative influence on the adoption of precision farming. The results of this study provide manifold starting points for the further proliferation of precision agriculture technologies and future research directions.  相似文献   

14.
In light of the increasing demand for food production, climate change challenges for agriculture, and economic pressure, precision farming is an ever-growing market. The development and distribution of remote sensing applications is also growing. The availability of extensive spatial and temporal data—enhanced by satellite remote sensing and open-source policies—provides an attractive opportunity to collect, analyze and use agricultural data at the farm scale and beyond. The division of individual fields into zones of differing yield potential (management zones (MZ)) is the basis of most offline and map-overlay precision farming applications. In the process of delineation, manual labor is often required for the acquisition of suitable images and additional information on crop type. The authors therefore developed an automatic segmentation algorithm using multi-spectral satellite data, which is able to map stable crop growing patterns, reflecting areas of relative yield expectations within a field. The algorithm, using RapidEye data, is a quick and probably low-cost opportunity to divide agricultural fields into MZ, especially when yield data is insufficient or non-existent. With the increasing availability of satellite images, this method can address numerous users in agriculture and lower the threshold of implementing precision farming practices by providing a preliminary spatial field assessment.  相似文献   

15.
人均耕地不足是我国种植业最根本的资源制约,农业技术的最大课题就是寻求耕地不足的技术替代。化控栽培工程是化控措施与传统技术相互配合而诱变出的新的技术组合,对作物生长发育可以进行外部条件加内部激素水平的双重调控,从而为农业栽培展示了夺取更高单产的极大可能。80年代以来,我国在农作物化学控制工程技术研究和应用领域已取得多项进展。本文讨论了化控在修饰良种、革新传统栽培技术和建立定向诱导的模式栽培等方面的意义,指出化控栽培工程在实现多熟复种制的高产稳产上具有不可替代的重要功能。并提出了加强作物化控栽培的理论与方法研究的必要性及其要点。  相似文献   

16.
Whether promoting cash crop production can increase household welfare has long been the focus of the food policy debate. This study first investigated the determinants of household behavior in commercial pulse farming. It then examined how households’ commercial pulse production improves their economic welfare. We used a dataset of 848 households collected from 2018 to 2019 to estimate the determinants of household behavior in commercial pulse farming by the Heckman two-step model. The endogenous treatment regression (ETR) method was employed to examine the impact of commercial pulse farming on household economic welfare. The results showed that factors such as market purchase prices, agricultural technology services, farmers’ access to loans, and government subsidies promoted smallholders’ commercial pulse farming; production costs and perceptions of climate change risks constrained smallholders’ commercial pulse production. Overall, commercial pulse production has increased household farm income but there was a limited impact on household off-farm income. Our findings suggest that policies aiming to increase households’ cash crop production and market access could significantly improve the economic welfare of pulse farmers.  相似文献   

17.
徐洁 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(18):9914-9918
介绍了清末民初吉林西部蒙边地区农业经济发展的背景条件及取得的成效,指出这一时期农业领域经由封禁到政策性放荒,由大面积放垦到三大农业区的形成,再由农业初级商品化程度提高到农业产品加工业的不断发展,为商品市场的发育和完善奠定了基础。  相似文献   

18.
“三农”视角下陕西种植业保险市场分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了陕西种植业保险市场的发展现状,表明陕西种植业保险的开展情况并不理想。分析了陕西农村种植业保险发展中面临的突出问题,一是种植业风险种类多,发生频率高,损失大;二是商业保险公司种植业保险的有效供给严重不足;三是农户的有效需求受到制约;四是政府对种植业保险缺乏制度化支持。基于"三农"视角,提出了陕西种植业保险发展的策略选择:鼓励商业保险公司积极介入种植业保险市场,建立完备的农业再保险体系;加强种植业保险的宣传力度,加快农业产业化的进程;加大对种植业保险的政策支持力度,推动种植业保险发展。  相似文献   

19.
The Vietnamese agricultural sector has experienced a dramatic structural change based on increased specialization in rice cultivation. However, small-scale rice-farmers have continued to grow multiple crops, especially in less developed provinces. While the literature advocates crop diversification for reasons of both economic and ecological sustainability, there lacks empirical evidence as to whether crop diversification brings efficiency and productivity gains to small farms. The present study is the first applications of the input-oriented stochastic distance function approach in estimating scale and scope economies using data of multi-crop farming households in Vietnam. We find strong evidence of product-specific economies of scale. Scope economies are also present for rice, vegetable, and other annual crop production. This suggests that crop diversification enhances efficiency and productivity. However, there still exists significant technical inefficiency in crop production, indicating opportunities to expand farm output at the existing level of inputs and technologies. More specifically, our empirical results indicate that it is desirable to expand vegetable and other annual crop production in mountainous areas while rice cultivation can be further expanded in delta and coastal regions.  相似文献   

20.
【目的】探讨社会经济因素对农户农作物选择的影响机制,为优化农作物结构调整与制定政策提供依据。【方法】本研究对黑龙江省宾县384个农户进行随机调查,采用频率分析法,从生产要素投入、作物纯收益、作物出售情况、农业生产技术推广及农业政策等5个方面,探讨其对农户种地积极性以及农作物选择的影响。【结果】作物纯收益的提高、新品种与新技术的推广以及农业补贴与引导政策在较大程度上能够提高种地积极性。而在农户作物选择方面,主要受作物纯收益影响,其次为农业补贴与引导政策。【结论】为进一步促进东北地区未来的种植业发展,研究区应从增加基础设施投入、提高粮食作物收购价格、提供稳定收购渠道、加强农业科技投入力度和拓展服务内容等方面调动农户种地积极性、优化农作物结构,并提高农民收入水平。  相似文献   

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