共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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热带木本生物质能源树种——油棕 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
油棕是一种重要的热带木本生物质能源树种,具有结果期长、产量和含油量高等特点。随着原油价格的不断上涨,生物柴油的发展日益受到关注。而棕榈油由于生产成本低廉,成为生产生物柴油最具竞争力的原料。本文分别综述了油棕的基本特性、全球及我国棕榈油生产贸易和消费状况、我国发展油棕产业的重要意义,在此基础上对我国发展油棕产业的可行性和前景进行了探讨。 相似文献
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我国油棕创新研究与发展建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文就我国油棕研究取得的重大学术创新进行了归纳,对未来油棕研究领域布局及其优先研究方向进行了阐述,并针对目前油棕学科建设条件现状提出了建议,展望了学科发展趋势,以期对我国油棕产业发展提供有益参考。 相似文献
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油棕新品种遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]从DNA分子水平上对油棕新品种进行遗传多样性的分析,为这些新选育油棕种质的开发利用提供分子水平的理论依据。[方法]应用ISSR技术对海南和云南的22份油棕新品种进行遗传多样性分析。[结果]用23个引物共扩增得到201条扩增条带,其中多态性条带占41.8%。聚类分析可将22个品种明显的划分为2大类:采自海南的R1~R12新种质材料与采自云南的V20新种质材料聚为一类;采自云南的其余新种质材料聚为一类。[结论]海南与云南新选育的油棕种质材料可能来源于不同的国家或地区。 相似文献
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[目的]研究植物油、二甲苯为溶剂配制的甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(简称甲维盐)EC的安全性。[方法]分别试验以二甲苯、精制松树油和棕榈油混合油、精制松树油、棕榈油为溶剂配制的1%甲维盐EC,对斑马鱼、鹌鹑、意大利成年工蜂和家蚕的毒性。[结果]与二甲苯配制的1%甲维盐EC相比,棕榈油配制的1%甲维盐对斑马鱼的安全性有所提高;3种植物油配制的1%甲维盐EC提高了对鹌鹑的安全性;精制松树油和棕榈油混合油配制的1%甲维盐EC提高了对蜜蜂的安全性;棕榈油、精制松树油分别配制的1%甲维盐EC提高了对家蚕的安全性。[结论]该研究为以植物油为溶剂的新型农药的研发和推广提供了参考。 相似文献
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油棕新品种遗传多样性的ISSR分析(摘要)(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]从DNA分子水平上对油棕新品种进行遗传多样性的分析,旨在为这些新选育油棕种质的开发利用提供分子水平的理论依据。[方法]采用改良的CTAB法提取油棕叶片总DNA。从加拿大哥伦比亚大学所设计的60个引物在部分模板中进行筛选,筛选出能扩增出多态性的引物23个用于样品的进一步分析。通过一定的摸索实验,最终确定用于油棕的各个组分的ISSR最佳反应体系。优化反应体系总体积为15.00μl,各个组分的具体用量为:MgCl2(25mmol/L)+10×Buffer2.25μl、dNTP(10mmol/L)0.30μl、Taq酶(5U/μl)0.15μl、引物(0.4μmol/μl)1.00μl、模板DNA(50ng/μl)1.00μl、ddH2O(超纯水)10.30μl。PCR扩增程序为:94℃预变性4min,然后94℃变性1min,52℃退火1min,72℃延伸1min,35个循环,72℃保温10min,4℃保温。采用2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,EB染色检测扩增产物。ISSR数据的统计分析方法:每个样品的扩增产物电泳分离谱带在某一位点上按有或无记录,存在时赋值为"1",无带的记为"0"。将每个引物对所有样品的读带记录结果形成"0-1"矩阵。用NTSYS-pcversion2.1计算Jaccard’s相似系数,在此基础上用非加权类平均聚类法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,绘制亲缘关系树状图。[结果]用23个引物共扩增得到201条扩增条带,其中多态性条带占41.8%。根据ISSR遗传相似系数按UPGMA法聚类,以所有材料间的平均遗传相似系数0.838为阈值,可将其明显的划分为2大类:采自海南的R1~R12新种质材料与采自云南的V20新种质材料合为一类;采自云南其余的新种质材料为一类。用NTSYS-pc软件所得出的主成分分析图也能够明显的将海南和云南引进的新油棕种质材料区分开来,海南的R1~R12油棕与云南的V20油棕基本上归为一类;与聚类图不同的是,云南的新油棕种质V15、V16、V17、V19、V21、V22基本上归为一类,而品种V13、V14与V18则较远一些。[结论]海南与云南新选育的油棕种质材料可能来源于不同的国家或地区。 相似文献
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Heri Santoso Totok Gunawan Retnadi Heru Jatmiko Witjaksana Darmosarkoro Budiman Minasny 《Precision Agriculture》2011,12(2):233-248
The application of remote sensing technology and precision agriculture in the oil palm industry is in development. This study
investigated the potential of high resolution QuickBird satellite imagery, which has a synoptic overview, for detecting oil
palms infected by basal stem rot disease and for mapping the disease. Basal stem rot disease poses a major threat to the oil
palm industry, especially in Indonesia. It is caused by Ganoderma boninense and the symptoms can be seen on the leaf and basal stem. At present there is no effective control for this disease and early
detection of the infection is essential. A detailed, accurate and rapid method of monitoring the disease is needed urgently.
This study used QuickBird imagery to detect the disease and its spatial pattern. Initially, oil palm and non oil palm object
segmentation based on the red band was used to map the spatial pattern of the disease. Secondly, six vegetation indices derived
from visible and near infrared bands (NIR) were used for to identify palms infected by the disease. Finally, ground truth
from field sampling in four fields with different ages of plant and degrees of infection was used to assess the accuracy of
the remote sensing approach. The results show that image segmentation effectively delineated areas infected by the disease
with a mapping accuracy of 84%. The resulting maps showed two patterns of the disease; a sporadic pattern in fields with older
palms and a dendritic pattern in younger palms with medium to low infection. Ground truth data showed that oil palms infected
by basal stem rot had a higher reflectance in the visible bands and a lower reflectance in the near infrared band. Different
vegetation indices performed differently in each field. The atmospheric resistant vegetation index and green blue normalized
difference vegetation index identified the disease with an accuracy of 67% in a field with 21 year old palms and high infection
rates. In the field of 10 year old palms with medium rates of infection, the simple ratio (NIR/red) was effective with an
accuracy of 62% for identifying the disease. The green blue normalized difference vegetation index was effective in the field
of 10 years old palms with low infection rates with an accuracy of 59%. In the field of 15 and 18 years old palms with low
infection rates, all the indices showed low levels of accuracy for identifying the disease. This study suggests that high
resolution QuickBird imagery offers a quick, detailed and accurate way of estimating the location and extent of basal stem
rot disease infections in oil palm plantations. 相似文献