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1.
阿根廷专属经济区内鱿钓渔场分布及其与表温关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
根据2008-2011年中国鱿钓船在阿根廷专属经济区内的生产统计和表层水温(SST)的资料,对渔获量组成和渔场分布情况进行了分析,同时利用Marine Explorer软件和K-S统计方法对渔场分布与SST的关系进行了研究,推测出各月中心渔场的最适SST。结果表明:阿根廷专属经济区内鱿鱼产量在2-4月份较高,且波动较大;产量主要集中在44°~52°S、60°~65°W海域,约占总产量的70%以上,各月产量的空间分布有较大差异,作业渔场总体上不断北移。2-8月中心渔场各月适宜SST范围分别为11~14.5℃、9.5~12℃、9~10℃、9~9.5℃、7~9℃、7.5~9℃、7~10℃,并通过了K-S检验。研究建议,今后应收集更为详细的包括生物学在内的生产统计数据,结合不同产卵群体的特点,对资源变动和渔场变化进行系统和科学分析,为合理利用西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼资源提供基础。  相似文献   

2.
西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼是我国鱿钓船的重要捕捞对象之一,掌握阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场分布及其与海洋环境因子关系是高效开发利用的基础.根据2001年1-5月我国鱿钓船在西南大西洋的生产数据和各主要环境因子资料,利用海洋地理信息系统专用软件Marine Explore 4.0按0.5°×0.5°的格式绘制了CPUE与海表温度(SST),叶绿素(CHL),盐度,海表面高度(SSH) 四个主要环境因子关系的分布图.结果显示:1-5月产量主要分布于44°~54°S,56°~66°W ,3月产量达到最高;各月份最适SST分别为:13~14.5 ℃、12.5~14 ℃、9~13.5 ℃、8~13 ℃、6.5~10 ℃;各月份最适叶绿素为:0.5~1 mg/m3 、0.9~1.6 mg/m3、0.3~1 mg/m3、0.1~0.6 mg/m3、0.1~0.8 mg/m3;各月份最适海面高度分别为:-22~-8 cm、-20~-8 cm、-18~2 cm、-20~4 cm、-26~-2 cm;各月份最适盐度为:33.75~33.95、33.75~33.95、33.7~34.0、33.5~34.0、33.35~34.1.K-S检验法表明,各因子与CPUE的差异性不大.  相似文献   

3.
2013年北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场与海洋环境的关系   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
根据2013年7-12月北太平洋公海秋刀鱼生产调查数据和海洋环境数据,利用渔业地理信息系统软件和数理统计方法,对秋刀鱼渔场的时空分布和海洋环境因子:海表面温度(SST)、叶绿素浓度(Chl.a)和海表面高度(SSH)的关系进行研究。结果表明:(1)在调查海域40°N~47°N,147.5°E~162°E内,9-11月份是北太平洋公海秋刀鱼生产的盛渔期,渔获量为全年中最高。(2)北太平洋公海秋刀鱼作业渔场重心的变化分为3个阶段,7-8月渔场重心由南向北移动;8-10月渔场重心西北向东南移动;10-12月渔场重心由西向东移动。(3)7-12月秋刀鱼渔场的SST、Chl.a、SSH的范围分别为10~15℃、0.5~1.0 mg/m3、0~±20 cm,最适范围分别为:11~13℃、0.6~0.8mg/m3、5~±15 cm。(4)K-S检结果(P0.01),表明各月作业渔场的SST、Chl.a、SSH范围是合适的,可以用SST、Chl.a、SSH作为选择秋刀鱼渔场的指标。  相似文献   

4.
2010年北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场分布及其与表温的关系   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
根据2010年5-10月的北太平洋公海秋刀鱼生产调查资料及其表温数据,按月及经纬度1°×1°时空分辨率,利用渔业地理信息系统软件Marine Explorer 4.0和数理统计方法对北太平洋公海秋刀鱼作业渔场时空分布及其与表温的关系进行分析。结果显示,北太平洋公海各月作业渔场变化较大,作业区域主要集中在36°N~47°N、145°E~163°E海域;渔场重心随时间推移在纬度上有先向北后向南的变动趋势,在经度上有向西变动的趋势;作业渔场分布在表温为10~17℃的海域,最佳作业表温为10~13℃,且适宜表温随着时间推移有先下降后上升的变动趋势。调查期间各个温度组作业单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)不存在显著性差异。研究亮点:北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场分布存在周期性变动现象,利用2010年最新的全时间序列调查数据,并结合环境数据,阐述了北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场的分布及其与SST的关系,为该领域的科学研究积累了数据,并可为我国大陆在该海域秋刀鱼生产提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
秘鲁外海茎柔鱼产量分布及其与表温关系的初步研究   总被引:19,自引:3,他引:16  
根据2004年1-12月我国鱿钓船在东南太平洋海域茎柔鱼的生产统计和表温数据,按经纬度1°×1°的格式利用Marine Exlporer4.0软件,对其各月产量、平均日产量的分布以及与表温的关系进行分析。结果表明,1-7月产量主要集中在14°~17°S、80°~84°W海域,8-9月在9°~11°S、81°~83°W海域,12月在14°S以南海域。由此判断,作业渔场随月份进行西北-东南方向移动。全年都有较高的平均日产量,主渔汛为5-12月。作业渔场的适宜表温为18~22℃、24~25℃,其结果经过K-S检验。但适宜表温随季节发生变化。  相似文献   

6.
西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼是我国鱿钓船的重要捕捞对象之一,掌握阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场分布及其与海洋环境因子关系是高效开发利用的基础.根据2001年1-5月我国鱿钓船在西南大西洋的生产数据和各主要环境因子资料,利用海洋地理信息系统专用软件Marine Explore 4.0按0.5°×0.5°的格式绘制了CPUE与海表温度(SST),叶绿素(CHL),盐度,海表面高度(SSH) 四个主要环境因子关系的分布图.结果显示:1-5月产量主要分布于44°~54°S,56°~66°W ,3月产量达到最高;各月份最适SST分别为:13~14.5 ℃、12.5~14 ℃、9~13.5 ℃、8~13 ℃、6.5~10 ℃;各月份最适叶绿素为:0.5~1 mg/m3 、0.9~1.6 mg/m3、0.3~1 mg/m3、0.1~0.6 mg/m3、0.1~0.8 mg/m3;各月份最适海面高度分别为:-22~-8 cm、-20~-8 cm、-18~2 cm、-20~4 cm、-26~-2 cm;各月份最适盐度为:33.75~33.95、33.75~33.95、33.7~34.0、33.5~34.0、33.35~34.1.K-S检验法表明,各因子与CPUE的差异性不大.  相似文献   

7.
基于表温的中西太平洋鲣栖息地适应指数的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
根据1990-2001年中西太平洋海域(20°N~25°S,175°W以西)鲣Katsywonus pelamis围网作业产量和作业频次,结合海水表面温度(SST)数据,以高产频次的相对比值表示栖息地适应指数(HSI),采用3种方法建立HSI-SST模型.根据建立的3个模型,利用1990-2001年各月HSI值与实际作业产量进行比较,以选择最优HSI-SST模型;最后,利用2003年SST数据计算其各季度HSI值,用来验证预测中心渔场的可行性.结果表明:采用模型A时,主要产量分布在HSI0.4的区域;采用模型B时,主要产量分布在HSI0.6的区域;采用模型C时,主要产量分布在HSI0.8的区域,因此认为模型C更符合鲣资源分布的特征.利用模型C估算2003年各季度HIS值,高产主要分布在HSI0.8的区域,这进一步说明,模型C能较为准确地预报鲣中心渔场的位置.  相似文献   

8.
表温和黑潮年间变化对西北太平洋柔鱼渔场分布的影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
根据1998—2007年6—11月西北太平洋中国鱿钓船的生产统计数据,结合黑潮及表温等海洋环境资料,分析了近10年来表温和黑潮年间变化对西北太平洋柔鱼渔场分布的影响。结果表明,各月经度向作业船次所占比重超过5%的海域:6月为171°-174°E和176°-180°E;7月为157°-161°E、167°-169°E和179°-180°E;8月为151°-158°E;9月为152°-160°E;10月为146°-147°E、151°-160°E;11月为145°-148°E、150°-156°E。各月纬度向作业船次所占比重均超过20%的海域:6月为39°-41°N;7月为40°-42°N;8月为41°-44°N;9月为42°-45°N;10月为42°-44°N;11月为40°-42°N。渔场分布变化纬度向远比经度方向大。研究认为,作业渔场年间变化的原因可能来自其表温年间变化(同一月份的水温年标准差大)和黑潮等因素。黑潮大弯曲年份,主要作业渔场150°-160°E海域表温通常较低,作业渔场分布广泛,但CPUE较低;而黑潮小弯曲年份则情况相反。  相似文献   

9.
西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼产量分布与表温关系的初步研究   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
根据2003年1~5月中国鱿钓船在西南大西洋捕捞生产阿根廷滑柔鱼Illex argentinus的统计数据和表温资料,对其各月产量、平均日产量的分布以及与表温的关系进行分析。结果表明,作业渔场集中在45°S、60°W附近海域,各月产量和平均日产量有较大波动,主渔汛期在1~4月间。作业渔场的适宜表温为8~13℃,并经过K-S检验。1~5月随着时间的推移,适宜表温有下降的趋势。研究表明,作业渔场主要分布在福克兰寒流与巴西暧流交汇处,并靠近福克兰寒流的西部一侧。  相似文献   

10.
利用栖息地指数预测西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场   总被引:10,自引:4,他引:6  
西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼是我国鱿钓船船队重要的捕捞对象,准确预测中心渔场可以为科学地指导渔业生产提供依据。根据2000-2005年1-5月主渔汛期间我国鱿钓船队在西南大西洋海域的鱿钓生产数据,结合遥感获得的表温及叶绿素a数据,分别将作业次数百分比和单位渔船日产量作为适应性指数。利用算术平均法建立基于表温和叶绿素a因子的栖息地指数(HSI)模型。利用2005年1-5月生产数据及环境资料对HSI模型进行验证,分析认为作业渔场主要分布在HSI大于0.6海域,其作业次数比重达到76%以上,各月平均日产量均在7.2 t/d以上。研究表明,基于表温和叶绿素a的HSI模型能较好预测西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼中心渔场,预报准确率在70%以上。  相似文献   

11.
Plastics on the Sargasso sea surface   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Plastic particles, in concentrations averaging 3500 pieces and 290 grams per square kilometer, are widespread in the western Sargasso Sea. Pieces are brittle, apparently due to the weathering of the plasticizers, and many are in a pellet shape about 0.25 to 0.5 centimeters in diameter. The particles are surfaces for the attachment of diatoms and hydroids. Increasing production of plastics, combined with present waste-disposal practices, will undoubtedly lead to increases in the concentration of these particles. Plastics could be a source of some of the polychlorinated biphenyls recently observed in oceanic organisms.  相似文献   

12.
Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Sargasso sea atmosphere and surface water   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), DDT, and chlordane concentrations were measured in air sampled from a tower on the south shore of Bermuda and in Sargasso Sea surface water approximately 80 to 320 kilometers south of Bermuda. The atmospheric chlorinated hydrocarbons appeared to be gaseous, and the DDT concentration was two orders of magnitude higher than previously reported particulate values. The PCB and DDT were enriched in the surface microlayer (150 micrometers) relative to their concentrations in water at a depth of 30 centimeters. Atmospheric residence times for PCB and DDT of 40 to 50 days, calculated from the concentrations in the air and water, are 20 times shorter than values previously estimated for DDT from rainfall and DDT production data.  相似文献   

13.
Lumps of crude oil residue floating the sea surface have been observed widely. Samples were taken with surface-skimming nets in the Mediter-ranean Sea and eastern North Atlantic Ocean; their displacement volumes were as large as 0.5 milliliter per square meter. An isopod, Idotea metallica, appears to be associated with the lumps, and a barnacle, Lepas pectinata, grows upon them. Lumps were found in stomachs of Scomberesox saurus, a surface-feeding fish importanit in ocean food webs. Films on the lumps, presumably consisting mostly of bacteria, consumed oxygen at the rate of 4 cubic millimeters per hour per square centimeter of lump surface. Chemical analysis suggested that certain lumps had been at large for only a few weeks; data from barnacle size and growth rate suggested that other lumps were at least 2 months old.  相似文献   

14.
Satellite measurements of sea surface temperature through clouds   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) can be made by satellite microwave radiometry in all weather conditions except rain. Microwaves penetrate clouds with little attenuation, giving an uninterrupted view of the ocean surface. This is a distinct advantage over infrared measurements of SST, which are obstructed by clouds. Comparisons with ocean buoys show a root mean square difference of about 0.6 degrees C, which is partly due to the satellite-buoy spatial-temporal sampling mismatch and the difference between the ocean skin temperature and bulk temperature. Microwave SST retrievals provide insights in a number of areas, including tropical instability waves, marine boundary layer dynamics, and the prediction of hurricane intensity.  相似文献   

15.
Organogenic elements, mainly carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur are present in the particulate material and in a breccia rock from Tranquillity Base in amounts ranging from 5 to 4200 parts per million. The major compounds of carbon released by heating are carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; the former predominates. Small amounts of other compounds of carbon have also been observed. Sulfur can be released as hydrogen sulfide by treatment with acid. The carbon isotopic delta(13L)C values are definitely nonterrestrial (+ 13 to + 18.5 per mil).  相似文献   

16.
Fires in South America cause forest degradation and contribute to carbon emissions associated with land use change. We investigated the relationship between year-to-year changes in fire activity in South America and sea surface temperatures. We found that the Oceanic Ni?o Index was correlated with interannual fire activity in the eastern Amazon, whereas the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index was more closely linked with fires in the southern and southwestern Amazon. Combining these two climate indices, we developed an empirical model to forecast regional fire season severity with lead times of 3 to 5 months. Our approach may contribute to the development of an early warning system for anticipating the vulnerability of Amazon forests to fires, thus enabling more effective management with benefits for climate and air quality.  相似文献   

17.
Peruvian sea catfish (Galeichthys peruvianus) sagittal otoliths preserve a record of modern and mid-Holocene sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Oxygen isotope profiles in otoliths excavated from Ostra [6010 +/- 90 years before the present (yr B.P.); 8 degrees 55'S] indicate that summer SSTs were approximately 3 degrees C warmer than those of the present. Siches otoliths (6450 +/- 110 yr B.P.; 4 degrees 40'S) recorded mean annual temperatures approximately 3 degrees to 4 degrees C warmer than were measured under modern conditions. Trophic level and population diversity and equitability data from these faunal assemblages and other Peruvian archaeological sites support the isotope interpretations and suggest that upwelling of the Peru-Chile current intensified after approximately 5000 yr B.P.  相似文献   

18.
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) has been attributed to a rapid rise in greenhouse gas levels. If so, warming should have occurred at all latitudes, although amplified toward the poles. Existing records reveal an increase in high-latitude sea surface temperatures (SSTs) (8 degrees to 10 degrees C) and in bottom water temperatures (4 degrees to 5 degrees C). To date, however, the character of the tropical SST response during this event remains unconstrained. Here we address this deficiency by using paired oxygen isotope and minor element (magnesium/calcium) ratios of planktonic foraminifera from a tropical Pacific core to estimate changes in SST. Using mixed-layer foraminifera, we found that the combined proxies imply a 4 degrees to 5 degrees C rise in Pacific SST during the PETM. These results would necessitate a rise in atmospheric pCO2 to levels three to four times as high as those estimated for the late Paleocene.  相似文献   

19.
Lea DW  Pak DK  Spero HJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5485):1719-1724
Magnesium/calcium data from planktonic foraminifera in equatorial Pacific sediment cores demonstrate that tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) were 2.8 degrees +/- 0.7 degrees C colder than the present at the last glacial maximum. Glacial-interglacial temperature differences as great as 5 degrees C are observed over the last 450 thousand years. Changes in SST coincide with changes in Antarctic air temperature and precede changes in continental ice volume by about 3 thousand years, suggesting that tropical cooling played a major role in driving ice-age climate. Comparison of SST estimates from eastern and western sites indicates that the equatorial Pacific zonal SST gradient was similar or somewhat larger during glacial episodes. Extraction of a salinity proxy from the magnesium/calcium and oxygen isotope data indicates that transport of water vapor into the western Pacific was enhanced during glacial episodes.  相似文献   

20.
基于AMSR-E与MODIS数据海表面温度遥感反演研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
海洋表面温度是海洋环境的重要参数。遥感技术是进行海表面温度研究的有效手段之一。以印度洋北部海域为研究区域,利用Aqua卫星上的微波数据(AMSR-E)和光学数据(MODIS),进行了海表温度反演研究。首先对AMSR-E L2A数据和MODIS-L1B数据进行预处理,然后将AMSR E的各极化通道亮温数据与实测海表温度进行相关性分析,通过多元线性回归建立AMSR-E海表温度的反演模型,而MODIS海表温度则通过采用线性多通道算法得到,最后以AMSR-E亮温数据为主,MODIS海表温度数据为辅,采用多元线性回归的方法建立了海表温度反演模型。利用该模型反演印度洋北部海域海表温度,反演结果与实测数据相比,其均方根误差为0.323 97 ℃。  相似文献   

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