Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开术治疗白内障超声乳化术后早期囊袋收缩综合征2例

囊袋收缩综合征是白内障超声乳化吸除并人工晶体植入术后发生的一种较少见的并发症。随着白内障超声乳化手术技术的普及,有报道囊袋收缩综合征呈日渐增多的趋势。白内障超声乳化术中过小的连续环形撕囊(CCC)是诱发囊袋收缩综合征最主要因素。以往报道多发生于术后3～30周[1],并行Nd:YAG激光前囊膜切开术及囊袋松解术治疗效果理想[2]。     

囊袋张力环应用于晶状体脱位白内障手术的护理

目的：总结囊袋张力环应用于晶抗体脱位的白内障超声乳化手术的护理经验。方法：回顾性分析晶状体脱位接受白内障超声乳化吸除并人工晶体植入术．术中辅助应用囊袋内张力环的白内障患者共23例（23眼）患者的护理资料。结果。本组患者经过术前的护理干预．均能配合手术．过程顺利．术中无并发症。且经术后、出院护理．术后无1例发生感染；随访0．5～3a。23例视力均有不同程度的恢复．最压控制在正常范围。有4例超声乳化联合小梁切除术、术后4例加抗青光眼药物．眼压控制良好。结论：23例经过术前护理的关健是重视整体护理和心理护理．以缓解受档者的心理压力．为手术的顺利进行、患者的术后恢复创造条件。     

超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术治疗高度近视眼白内障患者的疗效观察

目的观察超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术治疗高度近视眼白内障患者的疗效。方法对我院47例(50眼)高度近视眼白内障患者行超声乳化白内障摘除术联合人工晶体植入术治疗。结果术后1d视力较术前提高2行以上的有48眼,占96.0%;术后1d视力较术前提高4行以上的有38眼,占76.0%。术中后囊破裂3例;术后1d角膜明显水肿6例;术后3个月后发障9例,视网膜脱离1例。结论使用超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术治疗高度近视眼白内障患者安全有效,具有临床应用价值。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术的护理

白内障(Cataract)是发生在眼球里面晶状体上的一种疾病,是最常见的致盲和视力残疾的原因,人类约25%患有白内障,手术摘除病变晶状体是目前白内障的主要治疗方法。2009年1月以来我院采用小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗白内障患者,现将护理体会报告如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料2009年1月～2012年12月我科收治白内障并行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术患者     

犬白内障囊外摘除术3例病例分析

[目的]探讨非超声乳化小切口晶体摘除术的疗效。[方法]对2004年1月~2006年7月收治3例3眼患糖尿病老龄犬的白内障囊外摘除术进行分析。[结果]通过视力检查,手术后1月,均有不同程度的视力恢复。1例由于术前散瞳不够,取晶状体时导致虹膜损伤。1例由于术中未吸净残余皮质,导致手术后视力恢复较差。术后14 d内,2例出现角膜水肿,21 d后消失。[结论]非超声乳化小切口晶体摘除术经济实惠、简便易学、易于掌握,可在动物医院推广。     

术中后囊破裂行后房型人工晶体植入32例体会

目的：探讨白内障手术引改后囊破裂行后房型人工晶体植入术的适应证。方法：对我院32例后囊不完全破裂的老年性白内障、先天性白内障、外伤性白内障以残留囊膜撑植入后房型人工晶体。结果：随访3—12月，术后视力为0．04—0．5，矫正视力为0．5以上者ll例，占35．2％；0．1—0．4者18例，占67．6％；0．1以下者3例，占9．6％。均未发现人工晶体脱位病例。结论：后囊中央或旁中央破裂直径＜4mm且近圆形，或周边破裂＜1／2者，只要行适当的处理，可行囊袋或睫状沟植入人工晶体。     

固定性瞳孔夹持并后发障的手术治疗

我院自 1995年至 1999年 10月共收治人工晶体术后固定性瞳孔夹持并后发障 12例 12眼 ,经手术复位及后囊中央部分切除 ,效果满意 ,报道如下 :1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　本组 12例 12眼 ,男 7例 ,女 5例 ,年龄 7～ 6 7岁 ,平均年龄 (47.75± 2 1.86 )岁 ,青光眼白内障联合术后 6例 6眼 ,术后早期均有 度浅前房 ;外伤性白内障 2例 ,术后有皮质残留 ;先天性白内障 2例 ,术后早期出现剧烈的渗出性虹膜炎 ;老年性白内障及并发性白内障各 1例 ,术中虹膜损伤明显。1.2　术前情况　 12例视力眼前指数～ 0 .1,2例继发高眼压 ,12例 12眼人工晶体光学…     

爱尔凯因不同给药时间对白内障超声乳化连台手术的效果

白内障超声乳化+人工晶体植入术是使用超声波将晶体核粉碎使其呈乳化糜状,然后连同皮质一同吸出,保留晶状体后膜,同时植入后房型人工晶体的手术。爱尔凯因作为表面麻醉药以其快速、安全、麻醉效果充分的优点在超乳手术中被广泛应用。由于该手术时间短,每批次做手术人数多,连台手术频率快,配合手术护士工作繁忙。所以规范合理、正确的使用表面麻醉药,能有效的减轻病人术中痛苦,使手     

弹性虹膜拉钩在眼科的应用研究进展

小瞳孔状态是眼科手术中经常遇到的困难情况之一。近年来，为解决各种原因所致的小瞳孔问题，无论在手术方法还是在生物材料方面，国内外均进行了不懈探索。最初de Juan和Hickingbotham发明并设计出弹性虹膜拉钩用于小瞳孔白内障手术中以扩大手术视野便于撕囊。随着对弹性虹膜拉钩除的深入研究，有文献报道其可在半脱位晶状体手术中牵拉并稳定晶状体囊袋，亦可用于小瞳孔术眼的前、后段玻璃体视网膜手术。现在就弹性虹膜拉钩在眼科应用简述如下。     

如何防治干眼

<正>干眼是指由于泪液的量和质的异常或动力学异常引起的泪膜不稳定和眼表面损害,从而导致眼部不适的一类疾病。目前随着准分子激光屈光性角膜手术、超声乳化白内障吸除术的     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2

The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。