杂交油菜德新油27品种特性及制种技术

德新油27是贵州省油菜研究所以黄籽双低隐性核不育系847A与黄籽双低恢复系20137配制成功的杂交组合。该品种于2009年12月通过长江下游区域审定。介绍了该品种的特征特性及高产制种技术。     

双低杂交油菜新品种——油研9号

油研9号系贵州省油料科学研究所用黄籽双低不育系2716A和黄籽双低恢复系5862配制的黄籽双低杂交优质新组合,其中2716A是以隐性核不育材料117A为母本,黄籽双低常规品种材料737为父本杂交转育成功的不育系;5862是双低常规品种,6003为母本,黄籽双低常规材料408为父本杂交选育成功的恢复系.该组合于1993～1994年进入所内品比试验;1994～1996年参加贵州省区域试验;1996～1998年参加贵州省生产试验;1998～2000年参加贵州省大面积连片示范.     

优质高产高油多抗油菜新品种常杂油2号的选育

常杂油2号是用核不育两型系G212A与双低恢复系S15配组育成的甘蓝型双低黄籽细胞核雄性不育两系杂交油菜新品种.该品种具有高产、优质、多抗、高含油量等特性,于2011年通过湖南省农作物新品种审定委员会审定.     

高油分黄籽双低杂交油菜订单农业产业化模式探讨

为促进高油分黄籽双低杂交油菜区域规模化种植的产业化发展,对高油分黄籽双低杂交油菜订单农业产业化模式进行了探讨。认为:在我国广大农村小油坊订单农业是行之有效的;高油分黄籽双低杂交油菜油研9号、10号、11号等是小油坊订单农业的首选品种,介绍了4种较为成功的小油坊订单农业模式。     

芥甘杂交选育甘蓝型黄籽油菜的研究

甘蓝型黄籽油菜育种是当前油菜育种的一个主要研究方向,但甘蓝型油菜中缺乏黄籽基因资源.利用芥菜型黄籽地方品种四川黄籽作为基因供体,与甘蓝型双低油菜品种进行种间杂交,在BC1F2代发现黄籽单株,经过3个世代的自交纯化,已获得高油分、双低或单低的黄籽甘蓝型油菜新种质.     

甘蓝型黄籽双低油菜新品种"申黄1号"的选育

甘蓝型黄籽双低油菜新品种"申黄1号"系采用品种(系)间杂交的方法育成.该品种品质优良,芥酸含量0.44%,硫苷含量27.81 μmol/g,种子含油率45.60%.2006-2008年上海市油菜区域试验中,平均产量3 005.63 kg/hm2,比对照"沪油15"增产9.78%,产油量比对照"沪油15"增产11.32%.     

甘蓝型杂交油菜花油203的选育

隐性核不育材料S45AB、117AB已广泛应用于油菜杂种优势利用中,由其转育成的双低不育系156AB、2287AB所配品种在我国西南地区得到了较广泛的推广利用,为我国油菜生产作出了较大贡献。近年来,育种家们开展了黄籽（或花籽）双低隐性核不育的选育工作，从改变种皮颜色着手，达到提高商品菜籽含油量的目的。以油研系列品种及德油8号为代表的一批黄籽双低杂交油菜品种已累计推广数千万亩，创造了显著的社会效益。     

优质高产高油多抗油菜新品种常杂油2号的选育

常杂油2号是用核不育两型系G212A与双低恢复系S15配组育成的甘蓝型双低黄籽细胞核雄性不育两系杂交油菜新品种。该品种具有高产、优质、多抗、高含油量等特性，于2011年通过湖南省农作物新品种审定委员会审定。     

甘蓝型油菜黄籽双低核不育系G212A的选育与应用

G212A是利用“油研九号”后代中分离的不育株(Y9A)为母本,黄籽双低油菜品系212(h220x中双4号)为父本,通过测交、回交、系内成对兄妹交转育而成的甘蓝型油菜黄籽双低核不育两型系.该不育系不育性稳定,不育彻底,恢复源广,经济性状优良,易测配出优质黄籽组合.经检测,G212A芥酸含量为0.6％,硫苷为24.93 ...     

新晃县三北98杂交油菜示范推广总结

三北98杂交油菜系贵州省油菜研究所育成,陕西三北华农种业有限公司引进参加国家区试并通过国家中游区审定的甘蓝型杂黄籽双低隐性核不育两系双低杂交油菜。该品种具有生长旺盛、抗逆性强、结实性好、丰产稳产、整齐一致性好等优点。     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽外显率及其含油量

研究了甘蓝型黄籽油菜不同品系材料、不同单株间千粒黄籽外显率及其与含油量、黄籽级数和千粒重的关系。结果表明，甘蓝型黄籽油菜是一个不同黄色程度的黄籽组合体，甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽外显率品系间差异显著，单株间差异较大。黄籽外显率与含油量呈极弱相关关系，与黄籽级数（最低级）呈显著负相关关系，与千粒重呈弱相关关系。综合分析表明，甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽外显率应在85％以上，才能作为育种选择对象和高油分含量的菜籽色泽检测指标。     

甘蓝型油菜黄籽育种研究进展

综述了油菜种皮颜色的形成、种皮色泽的遗传、黄籽性状的分子标记和黄籽甘蓝型油菜选育等方面的研究进展.提出采用新的方法创造黄籽种质资源,同时加强油菜种皮色泽形成的生物合成途径的研究和分子生物学研究,把芥菜型油菜等的黄籽基因转入到农业性状伏良的甘蓝型油菜中,从而获得黄籽性状能稳定遗传的甘蓝型油菜新品种.     

不同颜色羊草种子对其发芽率及愈伤组织诱导的影响研究

[目的]探讨不同颜色类型羊草种子对发芽率及愈伤组织诱导率的影响。[方法]根据羊草种子的颜色,将羊草种子分为浅黄色、黄色和黑色3种类型,进行了羊草种子发芽、愈伤组织诱导研究。[结果]浅黄色羊草种子的在各颜色类型羊草种子中发芽率、出愈率较高,发芽率、出愈率分别为32.5%、28.5%。通过TTC活力测定、电导率测定,发现种子活力随着羊草种子颜色的加深而降低。[结论]该研究为建立羊草高频再生体系奠定了基础。     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色变因分析

采用直观分级及生物统计方法，分析了甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色性状表现的不稳定性变化。基本规律是，粒色变化随贮藏物质的流向，由源头一端的深色向末稍一端的浅色变化。即由植株的主轴和上部分枝向基部分枝，由主轴及分枝的下部角果向主轴及分枝的上部角果，由角果的柄端籽粒向喙端籽粒方向，粒色由深变浅，千粒重也由大变小     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜遗传及育种研究进展

概述了甘蓝型黄籽油菜的主要特点,综述了20多年来国内外对甘蓝型黄籽油菜遗传及其育种的研究进展,并指出了今后的研究重点和方向。     

我国甘蓝型黄籽油菜育种研究进展

甘蓝型（Ｂ．ｎａｐｕｓ）黄籽油菜育种工作,在我国已进行了２０多年。育种实践表明,其黄籽色泽遗传复杂,籽粒呈“杂黄”色,长期自交不能纯化,并不断分离出黑籽。已培育出的 黄籽品种,尚不能完全适应生产的需要。黄籽育种必须与优质育种、杂交育种、生物技术相结合,才能适应育种科技发展的需要。     

Evaluation of Physical Characters of soybean in the northeast region of China

以东北三省86份大豆品种资源为材料,对其与大豆加工适应性有关的物理性状进行分析评价。为东北三省大豆品质育种及选择适于不同加工用途的专用大豆品种提供依据。结果表明:黑龙江省大豆品种的平均表现是发芽率较高,蒸煮大豆硬度低,浸泡大豆的完整率高,破皮和破瓣率较低;吉林省大豆品种的平均表现是原料大豆的完整率高,障碍率低,黄度值较大,浸泡大豆硬度大,石豆率较低;辽宁省大豆品种的平均表现为百粒重大,原料大豆的障碍率高,浸泡和蒸煮大豆的硬度较大,浸泡大豆破皮和破瓣率较高,发芽率、黄度值较低。     

烟草不同成熟度及淋雨处理采收的果实对其种子活力的影响

应用发芽生理测定法分析了烟草品种NC 89的不同成熟度及淋雨果实采收自然风干后的种子活力状况.结果表明:黑果、黄果与1次淋雨果时期采收的种子之间的发芽活力差异不显著,青果和多次淋雨处理采收的果实种子活力显著降低.     

Transcriptional profiling between yellow- and black-seeded Brassica napus reveals molecular modulations on flavonoid and fatty acid content

Brassica napus is an important cash crop broadly grown for the vegetable and oil values.  Yellow-seeded B. napus is preferred by breeders due to its improved oil and protein quality, less pigments and lignin compared with the black-seeded counterpart.  This study compared the differences in flavonoid and fatty acid contents between yellow rapeseed from the progenies of B. napus–Sinapis alba somatic hybrids and the black-seeded counterpart using RNA-seq analysis.  Through HPLC-PDA-ESI(−)/MS² analysis, it was found that phenylpropanoids and flavonoids (i.e., isorhamnetin, epicatechin, kaempferol, and other derivatives) in yellow seed were significantly lower than those in black seed.  The fatty acid (FA) content in yellow rapeseed was higher than that in black rapeseed due to the variation of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 contents.  RNA-seq analysis of seeds at four and five weeks after flowering (WAF) indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between black and yellow rapeseeds were enriched in flavonoid and FA biosynthesis, including BnTT3, BnTT4, BnTT18, and BnFAD2.  Also, genes related to FA biosynthesis, desaturation and elongation (FAD3, LEC1, FUS3, and LPAT2) in yellow seed were up-regulated compared to those in black seed, while genes involved in beta-oxidation cycle (AIM1 and KAT2) of yellow seed were down-regulated compared to those in black seed.  The DEGs related to the variation of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and FAs would help improve the knowledge of yellow seed character in B. napus and promote rapeseed improvement.     

Genetic Diversity of Testa Pigments and RAPD Marker of Yellow-Seeded Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

14 yellow-seeded rapeseed lines (Brassia napus L. ) from different genetic sources were used toanalyze diversity of testa pigments content, oil and protein content, and RAPD markers. The results showedthat the anthocyanin and melanin were the most important pigments in testa and their content were responsiblefor the variation in seed color ranging from orange to black yellow, 14 yellow-seeded lines could be classifiedinto 3 groups., high anthocyanin content group with anthocyanin content over 2.54 mg g-1 DW, the seed colorwas light yellow or orange; low pigments content group with low content of anthocyanin and melanin, the testawas transparent and the seed color was light yellow, greenish yellow or twany; high melanin content groupwith melanin content over 178.4U(A290nm), the testa was black, the seed color was black yellow. Oil eantentchanged from 36.2% to 45.5%, protein content from 21.1% to 27.7%, and the correlation analysis revealedthat the oil content is highly significantly negatively correlated with the protein content. The cluster analysisshowed that the extensive genetic variation existed among 14 yellow-seeded lines by using unweighted pairedgroup method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) based on RAPD markers which were amplified with decamerprimers, the genetic similarity among them ranged from 0.25 to 0. 909, and 14 yellow-seeded lines could putinto 2 clusters corresponding to genome difference.