转Bt基因玉米幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白田间降解动态

【目的】研究间苗后留在田间地表的转Bt基因玉米幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解规律,比较两种Bt玉米幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解速度。【方法】以两种表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的转Bt基因抗虫玉米MON810和Bt11为材料,采用ELISA方法测定各取样时期中幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白残留量。【结果】转Bt基因玉米幼苗残体中杀虫蛋白降解是逐渐的,且降解速度较快,到50 d时幼苗残体已经完全腐烂,Bt11幼苗残体中的杀虫蛋白已经完全降解,在MON810中还能检测到微量的杀虫蛋白。两种转基因玉米幼苗残体中的Bt杀虫蛋白的初始含量差异不显著,但在同一时间段的Bt杀虫蛋白降解速度存在差异均显著,在30 d前MON810幼苗残体中Bt杀虫蛋白降解速度比Bt11降解的快,30d后,则降解趋势相反,到50 d取样结束时MON810和Bt11分别降解了初始含量的99.81%和100%。【结论】两种转Bt基因玉米间苗后留在田间的幼苗残体中的Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白降解速度不同,在50 d完全腐烂时,其中的杀虫蛋白完全降解或仅有微量残留。     

Bt稻Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白在水体中的残留和Bt稻田三类水生昆虫数量调查

以转Btcry1Ab基因水稻克螟稻1号(KMD1)和克螟稻2号(KMD2)黄熟期的茎叶为材料,室内测定了其经浸水处理后(28℃,L16∶D8)残体和水体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的含量;测定了KMD1与早籼稻嘉早935培育成的Bt稻华池B6分蘖期稻田水体中Cry1Ab蛋白的含量,同时调查了该Bt稻和对照稻嘉早935在分蘖初期、盛期和末期稻田3类水生昆虫的数量。结果表明,KMD1和KMD2茎叶经浸水100d后,水体中残留有Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白。华池B6分蘖期稻田水体中没有检测到Cry1Ab蛋白;除分蘖末期华池B6稻田中的蜉蝣目昆虫个体数量显著高于对照田嘉早935外,其他2类水生昆虫摇蚊(spp.)和鞘翅目甲虫(sp.)在两类稻田间均无显著差异。     

用Envirologix Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac试剂盒快速测定转基因水稻Bt杀虫蛋白含量的研究

 用 Envirologix Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac平板试剂盒检测了两个转 cry1Ab的水稻品系克螟稻 1号 ( KMD1)、克螟稻 2号 ( KMD2 ) ,及未转化的对照品种秀水 11米粒中的 Bt杀虫蛋白含量。结果表明 ,该试剂盒标样制作的标准曲线相关系数为 0 .985～ 0 .998,在 0 .0 5或 0 .0 1水平上显著。同批次试剂盒的不同试验及不同批次试剂盒的测定值均差异不显著。最低检测剂量达 0 .5 ng/g,每次测试时间比 Western dot blotting方法缩短约 2 h。试验表明 ,该试剂盒是定量检测转基因水稻 Bt毒蛋白表达的一种理想产品     

转Bt基因抗虫玉米根茬和根际土壤中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的田间降解动态

【目的】研究转cry1Ab杀虫蛋白基因玉米收获后玉米根茬及其根际土壤中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解动态,比较两种Bt玉米根茬和根际土壤中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解速度。【方法】以两种表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的Bt抗虫玉米MON810和Bt11为材料,采用ELISA方法测定玉米收获后根茬残体和根际土壤中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的田间降解动态。【结果】转Bt基因玉米根茬残体和根际土壤中杀虫蛋白是逐渐降解的,Bt玉米MON810根茬中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白含量较高,降解的速度也较慢,收获后8个月时还不能完全降解;Bt玉米Bt11根茬中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白含量较低,降解速度比MON810根茬中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白降解速度快,到7个月时已检测不到Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白。Bt玉米MON810根际土壤中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解较Bt11的慢,MON810和Bt11根际土壤分别在8个月和7个月时检测不到Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白。【结论】种植过Bt11和MON810抗虫玉米的田块,在第二年春播农作物已经出土时,其根茬和根际土壤中残留的Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白尚不能完全降解,还有少量残留。     

转Bt基因玉米残体Cry1Ab蛋白在土壤中的残留动态

采用ELISA定量法研究了(28±1)℃下转Bt基因玉米植株残体不同组织所含Cry1Ab蛋白在黄褐土和红壤中的残留动态,并对其进行方程拟合。结果表明,转Bt基因玉米植株残体不同组织释放的Cry1Ab蛋白在不同土壤中的残留动态基本一致,均呈前期快速降低和后期稳定下降2个阶段,但同一组织释放的Cry1Ab蛋白在不同土壤中的残留变化速率存在显著差异,黄褐土中下降明显快于红壤,1周内表现尤为显著;不同组织释放的Cry1Ab蛋白在同一土壤中其残留差异显著,且受培养时间等因素的影响,总体表现为根>叶>茎,与初始时Cry1Ab蛋白土壤可提取量表现基本一致;双指数模型比移动对数模型和指数模型更符合转Bt基因玉米残体中Cry1Ab蛋白在土壤中的残留动态。     

Bt玉米杀虫蛋白含量的时空表达及对亚洲玉米螟的杀虫效果

 利用ELISA方法对2个转Cry1Ab基因抗虫玉米品种MON810和Bt11在不同生育期、不同组织器官中杀虫蛋白的表达量进行了分析,利用室内生测方法研究了不同组织器官对亚洲玉米螟初孵幼虫杀虫效果,并分析了杀虫蛋白表达量与杀虫效果的相关性。结果表明,Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白在Bt玉米MON810和Bt11的不同生育期和组织中的表达量呈明显的时空动态变化,以营养生长阶段的心叶组织表达最高,分别为1880.6和1473.1ng·g-1,生殖生长阶段的花粉含量最低,分别为52.3和73.3ng·g-1。随着叶片的生长,     

转Bt-cry1Ac基因棉花叶片中杀虫蛋白在环境中的降解动态

 采用ELISA方法研究了Bt棉花叶片中Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白在不同环境条件空气介质中和土壤介质中的降解规律。结果表明，不同环境下Bt杀虫蛋白降解趋势有明显差异。不同温湿度及光照条件的空气介质中，Bt杀虫蛋白的降解速度一般在初期较快，经过短暂的缓慢降解阶段后进入相对稳定状态（含量50 ng·g-1左右）。高温低湿条件下，Bt杀虫蛋白降解较快，达到稳定水平的时间短。Bt杀虫蛋白在光照和非光照环境下的的降解动态没有显著性差异。自然条件下Cry1Ac蛋白在土壤介质中初始阶段降解迅速，30 d后降解了85%左右。随着冬季的到来, 杀虫蛋白降解趋于缓慢。次年春天后，杀虫蛋白的降解加快，至 4月下旬检测不到Bt杀虫蛋白。     

两种转Bt基因棉杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac表达量的检测

用Envirologix Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac平板试剂盒检测了两种转Cry1Ac基因的棉花品系(NUCOTN33B、NUCOTN99B)以及常规对照品系(苏棉12)不同生育期主茎嫩叶、侧枝嫩叶、蕾及蕾的苞叶中杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac的含量.结果表明,两种转Bt基因棉主茎嫩叶杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac的含量随生育期的推移呈明显下降趋势,花铃期(NUCOTN33B和NUCOTN99B分别为4.43和2.93 μg·g-1)和吐絮期(3.87和2.86 μg·g-1)的含量分别降至苗期第6叶(7.64和8.38 μg·g-1)的58%、35%和51%、34%;相同时期的主茎嫩叶和侧枝嫩叶中Cry1Ac的含量均显著高于蕾及蕾的苞叶,前两者均为后两者的两倍以上.     

两种转Bt基因棉杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac表达量的检测

用EnvirologixCry1Ab/Cry1Ac平板试剂盒检测了两种转Cry1Ac基因的棉花品系 (NUCOTN33B、NUCOTN99B) 以及常规对照品系 (苏棉 12) 不同生育期主茎嫩叶、侧枝嫩叶、蕾及蕾的苞叶中杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac的含量。结果表明, 两种转Bt基因棉主茎嫩叶杀虫蛋白Cry1Ac的含量随生育期的推移呈明显下降趋势, 花铃期 (NUCOTN33B和NUCOTN99B分别为 4 43和 2 93μg·g-1 ) 和吐絮期 (3 87和 2 86μg·g-1 ) 的含量分别降至苗期第 6叶 (7 64和 8 38μg·g-1 )的 58%、35%和 51%、34%; 相同时期的主茎嫩叶和侧枝嫩叶中Cry1Ac的含量均显著高于蕾及蕾的苞叶, 前两者均为后两者的两倍以上。     

环境条件对转基因高粱Cry1Ab蛋白含量的影响

用Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac板式试剂盒测定了不同光照时间、不同温度和不同水平氮肥处理下,Cry1Ab蛋白在转基因高粱中的表达水平。结果表明,不同光照长度处理的Cry1Ab蛋白含量有较大差异,其顺序为12 h>16 h>18 h>14 h>10 h;不同温度处理对Cry1Ab蛋白含量也有较大差异,为25℃>30℃>20℃>35℃>40℃;不同施肥水平下对Cry1Ab蛋白量也有较大影响,作基肥的以300 kg.hm-2纯氮效果最佳。     

Impacts of Environmental Factors on Degradation of Cry1Ab Insecticidal Protein in Leaf-Blade Powders of Transgenic Bt Rice

The determination of the environmental fate of Bt insecticidal protein released by Bt rice plants in paddy soils is a key issue in its ecological risk assessment. In this study, the impacts of soil water content, pH, and temperature on the degradation of Cry1Ab protein expressed in the leaves of Bt rice KMD2 were studied in the laboratory. Three types of paddy soils were used, i.e., blue clayey paddy soil, pale paddy soil on quaternary red soil, and marine-fluvigenic yellow loamy paddy soil. Ground powders of KMD2 leaf blades were mixed with each type of soil, and degradation dynamics of Cry1Ab were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The degradation rate of Cry1Ab was high at the early experimental stage, but slowed down steadily at middle and later stages, which could be described by exponential equations, with the half-life period of degradation determined as 1.8-4.0 d. The soil water content, pH, and temperature could affect the degradation of Cry1Ab, but the effects of soil pH and temperature were relatively greater. In general,Cry 1 Ab degradations were slower under lower soil pH and temperature conditions, especially for marine-fluvigenic yellow loamy paddy soil.     

Impacts of Environmental Factors on Degradation of CrylAb Insecticidal Protein in Leaf-Blade Powders of Transgenic Bt Rice

The determination of the environmental fate of Bt insecticidal protein released by Bt rice plants in paddy soils is a key issue in its ecological risk assessment. In this study, the impacts of soil water content, pH, and temperature on the degradation of CrylAb protein expressed in the leaves of Bt rice KMD2 were studied in the laboratory. Three types of paddy soils were used, i.e., blue clayey paddy soil, pale paddy soil on quaternary red soil, and marine-fluvigenic yellow loamy paddy soil. Ground powders of KMD2 leaf blades were mixed with each type of soil, and degradation dynamics of Cry lAb were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The degradation rate of CrylAb was high at the early experimental stage, but slowed down steadily at middle and later stages, which could be described by exponential equations, with the half-life period of degradation determined as 1.8-4.0 d. The soil water content, pH, and temperature could affect the degradation of CrylAb, but the effects of soil pH and temperature were relatively greater. In general, CrylAb degradations were slower under lower soil pH and temperature conditions, especially for marine-fluvigenic yellow loamy paddy soil.     

转Bt基因玉米幼苗残体中Ory1Ab杀虫蛋白田间降解动态

【目的】研究间苗后留在田间地表的转Bt基因玉米幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解规律,比较两种Bt玉米幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解速度。【方法】以两种表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的转Bt基因抗虫玉米MON810和Bt11为材料,采用ELISA方法测定各取样时期中幼苗残体中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白残留量。【结果】转Bt基因玉米幼苗残体中杀虫蛋白降解是逐渐的,且降解速度较快,到50d时幼苗残体已经完全腐烂,Bt11幼苗残体中的杀虫蛋白已经完全降解,在MON810中还能检测到微量的杀虫蛋白。两种转基因玉米幼苗残体中的Bt杀虫蛋白的初始含量差异不显著,但在同一时间段的Bt杀虫蛋白降解速度存在差异均显著,在30d前MON810幼苗残体中Bt杀虫蛋白降解速度比Bt11降解的快,30d后,则降解趋势相反,到50d取样结束时MON810和Bt11分别降解了初始含量的99.81%和100%。【结论】两种转Bt基因玉米间苗后留在田间的幼苗残体中的Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白降解速度不同,在50d完全腐烂时,其中的杀虫蛋白完全降解或仅有微量残留。     

Degradation of Cry1Ab Protein Within Transgenic Bt Maize Tissue by Composite Microbial System of MC1

Environmental safety issues involved in transgenic plants have become the concern of researchers, practitioners and policy makers in recent years. Potential differences between Bt maize（ND1324 and ND2353 expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab protein） and near-isogenic non-Bt varieties（ND1392 and ND223） in their influence on the composite microbial system of MC1 during the fermentation process were studied during 2011-2012. Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues didn＇t affect characteristics of lignocellulose degradation by MC1, pH of fermentation broth decreasing at initial stage and increasing at later stage of degradation. The quality of various volatile products in fermentation broth showed that no signifi cant difference of residues fermentation existed between Bt maize and non-Bt maize. During the fermentation MC1 efficiently degraded maize residues by 83%-88%, and cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin content decreased by 70%-72%, 72%-75% and 30%-37%, respectively. Besides that, no consistent difference was found between Bt and non-Bt maize residues lignocellulose degradation by MC1 during the fermentation process. MC1 degraded 88%-89% Cry1Ab protein in Bt maize residues, and in the fermentation broth of MC1 and bacteria of MC1 Cry1Ab protein was not detected. DGGE profi le analyses revealed that the microbial community drastically changed during 1-3 days and became stable until the 9th day. Though the dominant strains at different fermentation stages had signifi cantly changed, no difference on the dominant strains was observed between Bt and non-Bt maize at different stages. Our study indicated that Cry1Ab protein did not infl uence the growth characteristic of MC1.     

转基因植物中Bt Cry2Ab蛋白的抗原表位特征预测(英文)

[目的]通过生物信息学方法了解转基因作物中BtCry2Ab蛋白的二级结构、三级结构、B细胞抗原表位及T细胞抗原表位等结构特征,为今后的抗体设计奠定基础。[方法]以在NCBI数据库中获得Cry2Ab蛋白序列为材料,应用DNAStar中多种方法预测其B细胞表位,并通过在线预测软件NetMHCII2.2分析Cry2Ab蛋白与MHC-II类分子的结合能力从而预测其T细胞抗原表位。[结果]对Cry2Ab蛋白的B细胞抗原表位的预测表明,Cry2Ab蛋白的第208～215区域是潜在的B细胞抗原表位。对Cry2Ab蛋白与MHC-II类分子结合能力的分析表明,Cry2Ab蛋白的第177～185区域、299～307区域和255～263区域是潜在的T细胞抗原表位,暗示含有HLA-DRB10101和HLA-DRB10701等位基因的人群对Cry2Ab蛋白更敏感。[结论]该研究有助于深入了解Cry2Ab蛋白的生物学特征,为完善转基因食品过敏原性的评估方法提供新线索。