Soilless culture in China

Soilless culture in China has developed rapidly in recent years.The aree of soilless culture in China was about 0. 1 ha in 1985,but in 2002 the area reached to 865 ha. This paper introduced the brief history of soilless culture in China, and the main soilless culture systems. The present situation and problems are also discussed in this paper.     

Genetical and Physiological Basis of Plant Type Model of Erect and Large Panicle Japonica Super Rice in Northern China

The historical changes in rice yields across China were explored. The physiological mechanisms and genetic basis of the erect and large panicle super-high-yield plant type model for breeding japonica super rice were analyzed mainly on the panicle type, number of large vascular bundles （LVB） in the panicle neck, and the panicle type index （PTI）. In the production point of view, we suggested that, for the breeding of super-high-yield japonica rice, the erect panicle types with more LVB numbers in the panicle neck and superior upper grains in the secondary branches would be the key factors. The information has potential significance in the rice breeding and productivity not only in China but also throughout the rice production areas of the world.     

Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Adaptive Strategies in China

China is the world’s most populous country and a major emitter of greenhouse gases. Consequently, China’s role in climate change has received a great deal of attention, whereas the impact of climate change on China has been largely ignored. Studies on the impacts of climate change on agriculture and adaptation strategies are increasingly becoming major areas of scientific concern. However, the clear warming that has been sounded in China in recent decades has not been matched with a clear assessment of the impact of climate change on China’s water resources and agriculture. In the present study, we review observations on climate change, hydrology, and agriculture in China and relate these observations to likely future changes. We also analyse the adaptive strategies in China’s agriculture.     

An Honest Look at the Chinese Economy

Since China was founded in 1949,China has tried her best to develop this new born country.The government explored the best and fastest way to lead people to live a better life after having been conquered for more than 100 years.The record of the China' s growth over the past two decades is extremely exciting.The rapid development of China' s economy seemed to be unbelievable but actually it happened.Even nowadays,there is a common prediction saying that China is set to overtake the United States as the biggest economy globally based on Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) by 2050.The amusing achievement may show that China has found the right way to be a great rich country,and to all the chinese people,they seems to be satisfied with this kind of situation.     

A CLNICAL STUDY AND ADVANCES IN THE TREATMENT OF POSTBURN SCAR CON-TRACTURES(AN ANALYSIS OF 1035 CASES)

The paper reviews the experiences gained in the treatment of1035 cases of postburn scar contracture.The paper also reviews the history of development of plastic surgery in China.In the repair of post burn scarde     

Issues of Expansion of China Rural Resident Consumption

The international financial crisis on our economic development resulted in the inevitable impact on Chinese economy. In order to get rid of the impact, the expansion of domestic demand has been a crucial means of steady economic growth in China. However, the farmers over seven million account for a large proportion should be the main consumers in China. On the contrary, the current lack of domestic demand in China, which is mainly in rural consumption, is the lack of the critical issues of our efforts to expand domestic demand. This paper clarified the factors restricting China rural residents’ consumption demand expansion, and on this basis explored the expansion of rural residents’ consumption demand countermeasures. Empirical analysis was used to prove the low level of income of rural residents’ constraints, and also to expose the fact that social security system was imperfect. Meanwhile, rural infrastructure restricted the consumption level of rural residents. The consumer market is an effective way to improve rural residents’ consumption demand.     

Modeling Soil Organic Carbon Storage and Its Dynamics in Croplands of China

Soil organic carbon （SOC） is one of the centre issues related to not only soil fertility but also environmental safety. Assessing SOC dynamics in croplands has been a challenge in China for long due to the lack of appropriate methodologies and data sources. As an alternative approach for studying SOC dynamics, process-based models are adopted to meet the needs. In this paper, a process-based model, DeNitrification-DeComposition （DNDC）, was applied to quantify the SOC storage and the spatial distribution in croplands of China in 2003, with the support of a newly compiled county-level soil/ climate/land use database. The simulated results showed that the total SOC storage in the top layer （0-30 cm） of the 1.18 × 10^8 ha croplands of China is 4.7-5.2 Pg C in 2003 with an average value of 4.95 Pg C. The SOC storage in the northeastern provinces （1.3 Pg C） accounts for about 1/4 of the whole national totals due to their dominantly fertile soils with high organic matter content. SOC density ranges from 3.9 to 4.4 kg C m 2, with an average of 4.2 kg C m^-2, a level is much lower than the world average level. The model results also indicated that high rates of SOC losses occurred in the croplands with the most common cropping patterns in China as like single soybean 〉 maize 〉 paddy 〉 cotton 〉 winter wheat and corn rotation. The results reported in this paper showed that there was still a great potential for improving SOC status in most croplands of China by adopting proper farming practices and land-use pattern. Therefore, long-term policy to protect SOC is urgently needed.     

Status and Perspectives of the Researches on Lawn

There is a rapid development of lawn industry, however, the researches on lawn culture, maintenance and its mechanis mslag behind. Studies of drought-resistance, fertilization, management and maintenance of lawn are discussed in this paper.Besides, problems with the research on lawn culture and its maintenance in China are also analyzed. For example, soil has been destroyed seriously by the production of wrapping sward, but the studies on turf medium are deficient. Besides, the maintenance and management of lawn have not a standard due to the shortage of studies on turf quality assessment;applications of high-technique to lawn sciences are inadequate too. The developing tendency of lawn research in China is suggested at the end of this paper to help for the further studies in this field.     

本期摘要

Michel PRUD°Ф Has Become The Senior Consultant Of China Co-operation Times
In the morning of April 1st, 2009, Michel PRUD＇ HOMME, executive secretary Production and International Trade Committee of International Fertilizer Association, has come to China Co-operation Times.     

Impact of Implementing 1991 Act of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants in China

The Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is abbreviated as UPOV. The Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants has 1961/1972 Act ,1978 Act and 1991 Act. China is member of UPOV and its regulations of protection of new varieties of plants conform to 1978 Act. At present, there is big debate whether China accedes to 1991 Act. This paper mainly discussed advantages and possibilities that China accedes to 1991 Act, and concluded that it is highly desirable that China should consider acceding to 1991 Act in order to contribute to development of system on protection of new varieties of plants.     

浅论中国古时蚕业的科技文化交流

综合史料系统地探讨了中国古代蚕业的科技文化交流,并分析了其原因。     

我国农业对外依存度研究

对我国农业对外依存度进行全面疏理。主要结论如下:1)2007年,我国农业对外总依存度为12%,低于世界平均水平;与1990年相比,我国农业进口依存度上升,出口依存度下降,出口竞争力的不足是我国农业对外依存度较低的主要原因。2)区域农业对外依存度呈现的特征为,东部外向,东北持平,中部内向,西部提速。3)我国对外进口依存度较高的产品主要是土地密集型产品和资源型产品。当需求量年均增幅超过5%时,净依存度会不断增加。大豆受到的冲击最大,净依存度达到238%,国内产量明显下降,需要密切关注进口农产品价格的变化。4)我国具有优势的劳动密集型农产品出口依存度较低,而且面临出口市场过分集中、量增收益不增等问题,如何提高农产品非价格竞争力是当前发展我国外向型农业的关键所在。5)谷物对外依存度不断波动,但近年来净依存度为负,表明我国谷物生产总体处于较安全的状态。基于我国农业对外依存度现状,未来农业发展应在立足谷物产业安全的基础上,重点改善贸易环境,而不必对单个农产品的进口依存度过份敏感,特别是不能误解和低估粮食供给能力而影响农业结构调整。     

中国转基因植物产业化的研究进展及存在问题

综合分析了全球与中国转基因植物的产业化现状,结果表明中国转基因植物产业化已取得重大成果，在某些作物上已达到国际先进水平,转基因作物的种植面积居全球第5位。但总体看尚处于发展阶段，与发达国家相比还有一定差距。本文分析了中国转基因植物研究中存在的不足及其产业化进程滞后的原因，并对中国今后的转基因植物产业化发展提出了建议。     

全球化背景下的中国当代爱国主义

近代以来的中国历史是一个从封闭走向开放、传统走向现代并逐步融入全球化的历史。在此进程中,中华民族的命运发生了根本性的转折,中国爱国主义也经历了从传统到现代的更新与重构。20世纪以来的中国爱国主义的更新与建构是成功的,但不能说已经完结,当代全球化背景下,它所面临的挑战和存在的问题预示着我们需要为此做出长期艰苦的努力。     

中国网络游戏产业发展现状及其经济分析

自2000年的《万王之王》以来，网络游戏在中国大地上已经走过了五个年头。期间，网络游戏行业取得了巨大的成功，培育了巨大的消费市场，利润也成倍增长，造就了如盛大这样的巨型运营商，与此同时，网络游戏对青少年的不良影响也引起了广泛关注。到底网络游戏在中国现状如何，怎样以经济学的眼光来看待网络游戏行业在中国的发展呢？本文将给出答案。     

中国农业生产的技术效率衰退会终结吗?——基于开放与收敛视角的考察

【目的】过去数十年,中国农业生产的技术效率一直处于衰退之中。论文试图研究开放环境对中国农业生产技术效率的影响,进而预测中国农业生产技术效率在未来的走势。【方法】应用基于Malmquist指数的DEA和效率回归方法。【结果】中国农业生产技术效率存在显著的收敛倾向,并且这种倾向在开放环境中还会进一步增强。此外,中国农业生产技术效率的“均衡”水平在近年来已先于真实水平并开始复苏。【结论】在开放的推动下,中国农业生产的技术效率衰退将会终止,增长即将到来。     

小麦纹枯病的研究进展

近年来,小麦纹枯病在我国呈逐年加重趋势,国内外也加强了对该病的研究,取得较大进展。从小麦纹枯病病原、侵染过程、发生规律、影响因素及防治等方面的研究进行了综述,同时讨论了今后小麦纹枯病综合防治的研究方向。     

HACCP体系控制与乳制品质量安全监管研究

由于三聚氰胺事件给消费者造成的损害至今未能根除,同时,也对我国乳品产业造成了巨大冲击,乳制品安全成为我国食品安全的热点问题。本文探讨了对乳品质量安全进行有效管理的方法,提倡采用全过程管理模式,以haccp控制体系为基础,着力提升我国乳与乳制品的质量安全水平,提高公共危机管理能力。     

青海省退耕还林的现状及效益分析

经济的发展带动了社会进步,在社会发展的过程当中,也伴随着生态问题的出现。近年来,我国的水土流失面积已经超过了三百六十万平方千米,是全球水土流失最严重的国家之一,国家对此加强了退耕还林举措。青海省作为中国省级行政区之一,也出现了水土流失现象,在进行退耕还林后,不但可以产生经济效益和社会效益,还会带来生态环境效益。本文对青海省退耕还林现状和效益进行分析,供参考。     

农业信息技术在我国现代农业中的作用及应用

农业信息技术已经成为我国现代农业的重要标志之一,具有提高科技水平、节约投入品、增加农民收入、改变产业结构、优化产业模式等作用。本文总结了我国农业现状及发展方向,简述了农业信息技术的定义、作用、集成和应用,说明了农业信息技术在我国现代农业发展中的重要性,以期为后来学者研究农业信息技术以及推动我国现代农业快速发展提供参考。