基于均匀设计优化延边黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟及核移植后卵裂体系

［目的］应用均匀设计对延边黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟及核移植后的卵裂体系进行优化。［方法］用抽吸法回收卵母细胞，在不同条件下进行卵母细胞的体外成熟培养，然后对成熟卵母细胞进行核移植、融合、激活以及胚胎的体外培养。比较了在不同的卵巢保存温度、成熟培养时间以及卵泡直径大小对牛卵母细胞体外成熟率及卵裂率的影响。［结果］延边黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟的最佳条件为在卵巢保存温度为26或31℃的条件下，选取直径为8.0mm的卵母细胞成熟培养24h；卵母细胞核移植后卵裂的最佳条件为在卵巢保存温度为26℃的条件下，选取直径为6.0或8.0mm的卵母细胞培养24h。［结论］该结果对延边黄牛或其他种黄牛的育种及种群扩繁具有一定的参考意义。     

猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活效率影响因素分析

 研究了月龄和卵巢采集后的保存条件对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活效率的影响 ,以确立猪卵母细胞体外成熟的最佳条件。试验包括 :(1)卵巢保存的生理盐水温度 (2 2、30、37、38.5、4 0℃ )对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和发育潜力的影响。 (2 )卵巢保存时间对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和后期发育的影响。 (3)初情期前后母猪卵母细胞对体外成熟和发育潜力的影响。结果表明 ,(1) 38.5℃保存的卵巢卵母细胞激活后的卵裂率 (79.6 4 % )和囊胚率(18.11% ) ,37℃的卵裂率 (76 .18% )和囊胚     

保存温度对卵母细胞体外成熟率的影响及牦牛卵母细胞体外成熟培养方式初探

【目的】探索不同卵巢保存温度对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响以及两种培养方式对牦牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响。【方法】通过对绵羊、山羊、牦牛、蒙古牛和奶牛卵母细胞进行体外成熟培养,比较两种保存温度对5种卵母细胞成熟率的影响,并以牦牛卵母细胞为研究对象比较两种培养方式对牦牛卵母细胞成熟率的影响。【结果】卵巢保存温度为20～25℃时,山羊卵母细胞体外成熟率显著高于卵巢保存温度26～30℃(P=0.021)。蒙古牛卵巢保存于20～25℃时,其卵母细胞成熟率极显著高于卵巢保存在26～30℃(P=0.001)。保存温度为20～25℃时,绵羊、牦牛和奶牛的卵母细胞体外成熟率都较高于卵巢保存温度为26～30℃时的成熟率。另外,牦牛卵母细胞在四孔板中成熟培养的成熟率与在35 mm培养皿中成熟率并没有显著差异(P=0.65)。【结论】绵羊、山羊、牦牛、蒙古牛和奶牛的卵巢保存于20～25℃为宜,该卵巢保存温度可提高卵母细胞体外成熟率。牦牛卵母细胞在四孔板中培养的成熟率高于在35 mm培养皿中成熟率。     

不同受体胞质对延边黄牛体细胞核移植效率的影响

为确定延边黄牛体细胞核移植过程中卵母细胞的最佳去核时期,本试验选取体外成熟22 h的中期(MⅡ期)卵母细胞与体外成熟28 h的末期(TⅡ期)卵母细胞进行化学辅助去核操作,并将去核的卵母细胞作为受体构建重构胚,后期观察发育情况.结果显示,M期卵母细胞的显核率与TⅡ期卵母细胞的显核率无显著差异;但是TⅡ期卵母细胞所得重构胚的卵裂率及囊胚率均显著高于MⅡ期卵母细胞所得重构胚的卵裂率及囊胚率.综上所述,卵母细胞体外成熟28 h后的TⅡ期可作为延边黄牛核移植去核操作的理想时期,在TⅡ期卵母细胞中选择化学辅助去核法去核能够提高延边黄牛体细胞克隆的效率.     

ITS、卵巢保存温度及所处性周期对黄牛卵母细胞和孤雌胚体外发育的影响

研究了ITS、卵巢保存温度及所处性周期阶段对黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌胚体外发育的影响.结果表明,在成熟液中添加10μL·mL-1,的ITS对黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟率和卵裂率影响不大,但可以提高卵母细胞孤雌激活后的囊胚发育率(41.67%/32.00%);牛卵巢从采集到送达实验室保存在30～39%的灭菌生理盐水中可以获得较高的成熟率和囊胚发育率(71.34%/41.84%);黄体期无黄体组与有黄体组均低于卵泡期卵母细胞的体外成熟率、卵裂率和囊胚发育率,但差异不显著(P>0.05).     

β-巯基乙醇对延边黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟及发育的影响

在成熟培养液中添加不同浓度的β-巯基乙醇(β-Mercaptoethanol,β-ME),研究其对延边黄牛卵母细胞体外成熟及发育的影响。结果表明,将卵母细胞置于100μmol/L的β-巯基乙醇的成熟培养液中进行体外培养,其成熟率、卵裂率和囊胚发育率均好于对照和其他处理,说明β-巯基乙醇的最佳浓度适合进行延边黄牛体细胞克隆中卵母细胞的体外成熟培养。     

利用冷冻的GV期卵母细胞制备延边黄牛核移植胚胎的研究

研究使用玻璃化冷冻、程序化冷冻和超快速冷冻3种方法冷冻延边黄牛的卵母细胞,确定适宜的延边黄牛核移植受体卵母细胞的冷冻方法。结果显示,3种冷冻方法处理的GV期卵母细胞在成熟率上相似,玻璃化冷冻法得到的卵母细胞形态正常率要高于程序化冷冻和超快速冷冻法(P<0.05),超快速冷冻法回收率最低。采用玻璃化冷冻法,核移植重组胚卵裂率明显高于程序化冷冻和超快速冷冻法(P<0.05),在融合率上,3种方法差异不显著。表明玻璃化冷冻方法对延边黄牛GV期卵母细胞冷冻效果优于程序化冷冻和超快速冷冻方法,是一种较适合延边黄牛核移植的卵母细胞冷冻方法。     

绵羊卵母细胞最优运输温度和体外成熟时间的研究

本试验为研究不同运输温度和体外成熟时间对卵母细胞的影响，从屠宰场共采集894枚屠宰绵羊卵母细胞，分两批处理，一批分别处于10～15℃，20—25℃，30～35℃三种不同的运输温度；另一批通过16—18h，20—22h，24～26h，28～30h四种不同的体外成熟时间，后经体外受精观察其发育情况。结果发现：①在不同运输温度的卵母细胞中，温度为20～25℃时卵母细胞能够进行最好的发育，达到第一极体的卵母细胞为64．86％，达囊胚的卯母细胞为34．58％。②在不同体外成熟时间的卯母细胞中，时间为20—22h时卵母细胞能够最好的发育，达到第一极体的卵母细胞为62．79％，达囊胚卵母细胞为31．70％。     

牛卵巢卵母细胞体外成熟的研究

研究了卵巢采卵方法以及卵巢保存温度和时间、性周期阶段、激素和培养基对牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响。结果表明:从屠宰场获取的卵巢,先切剖或抽吸卵泡再切割卵巢,可显著提高可用卵母细胞数。卵巢保存时间在 2 h 以内最好,最长不超过 6 h。30~39 ℃的生理盐水保存卵巢,卵母细胞的成熟率(63.9 %)和卵裂率(34.4 %)均显著高于 2~8 ℃(16.7 %、0 %)和 20~29 ℃(54.1 %、31.7 %)保存的。采集卵母细胞时卵巢所处性周期阶段(卵泡期、黄体期)对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响不大(成熟率分别为 69.2 %、64.3 %)。M199 是牛卵母细胞体外成熟理想的培养基,M199 + 50 IU/mL LH+ 100 IU/mL FSH + 1μg/mL 17?-E2和 M199 + 50 IU/mL GnRH+1μg/mL 17?-E2都是牛卵母细胞体外成熟理想的培养系统(成熟率分别为 69.4 %、67.5 %,卵裂率分别为 35.4 %、42.7 %)。     

温度和乌苯苷对延边黄牛卵母细胞Na/K ATP酶活性的影响

通过研究温度和不同分级对延边黄牛卵母细胞Na/K ATP酶活性的影响,以及对其特异性抑制剂乌苯苷的敏感浓度,对延边黄牛卵母细胞Na/K ATP酶做初步探究,为进一步研究Na/K ATP酶活性与卵母细胞体外成熟的相关性打下良好基础.结果表明,延边黄牛卵母细胞的Na/K ATP酶活性在50℃达到最大值,在反应温度低于或高于50℃时酶的活性均降低,且在高于50℃时酶活急剧降低.乌苯苷浓度在2 mmol/L时孤雌卵母细胞完全停止卵裂.A级卵母细胞,裸卵和过成熟卵母细胞三者的Na/K ATP酶活性在统计学上差异不显著,但裸卵的Na/K ATP酶活性在数值上略高于其它两组.因此,延边黄牛卵母细胞的Na/K ATP酶的最适反应温度为50℃,其活力能够被2 mmol/L乌苯苷完全抑制,不同质量卵母细胞的Na/K ATP酶活性中,裸卵的Na/K ATP酶活性最高.     

卵母细胞体外成熟时间对绵羊核移植效率的影响(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to provide references for the time of oocyte maturation in vitro and enucleation in the course of sheep nuclear transfer(NT).[Method] Compared the effects of different maturation time of oocytes on enucleation efficiency and reconstructed embryo development by means of blind enucleation and fluorescence microscopy.[Result] Treatment of IVM(in vitro maturation)19-21 h was significantly higher than IVM 16-18 h treatment in oocyte maturation rate(P<0.05)and was significantly higher than IVM 22-24 h treatment in enucleation rate(P<0.05).Three treatments had no significant difference in cleavage rate and blastocyst rate(P>0.05),but IVM 19-21 h treatment was significantly higher than the other 2 treatments in average cell number of blastocysts(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The appropriate in vitro maturation time of oocytes was 19-21 h for sheep nuclear transfer,which could significantly improve the quality of blastocysts according to the cell number per blastocyst(P<0.05).     

卵母细胞体外成熟时间对绵羊核移植效率的影响

[目的]为绵羊克隆试验中卵母细胞的体外成熟及去核时间提供参考。[方法]利用盲吸法结合荧光显微镜检查,对绵羊不同成熟时间卵母细胞去核的效率及其后续重构胚的发育进行对比。[结果]体外成熟培养19~21 h的绵羊卵母细胞在成熟率上显著高于体外成熟培养16~18 h(P(0.05),在去核成功率上显著高于体外成熟培养22~24 h(P(0.05);3个试验组在卵裂率、囊胚率上差异不显著(P(0.05),但是体外成熟培养19~21 h的试验组囊胚平均细胞数要显著高于其他2组(P(0.05)。[结论]体外成熟培养19~21 h的卵母细胞较适于作为受体细胞进行绵羊核移植,可以显著提高囊胚的质量。     

卵母细胞体外成熟时间对绵羊核移植效率的影响(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to provide references for the time of oocyte maturation in vitro and enucleation in the course of sheep nuclear transfer(NT).[Method] Compared the effects of different maturation time of oocytes on enucleation efficiency and reconstructed embryo development by means of blind enucleation and fluorescence microscopy.[Result] Treatment of IVM(in vitro maturation)19-21 h was significantly higher than IVM 16-18 h treatment in oocyte maturation rate(P<0.05)and was significantly higher than IVM 22-24 h treatment in enucleation rate(P<0.05).Three treatments had no significant difference in cleavage rate and blastocyst rate(P>0.05),but IVM 19-21 h treatment was significantly higher than the other 2 treatments in average cell number of blastocysts(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The appropriate in vitro maturation time of oocytes was 19-21 h for sheep nuclear transfer,which could significantly improve the quality of blastocysts according to the cell number per blastocyst(P<0.05).     

Effects of in Vitro Maturation Time of Oocytes on Sheep Nuclear Transfer Efficiency

[Objective] The study aimed to provide references for the time of oocyte maturation in vitro and enucleation in the course of sheep nuclear transfer(NT).[Method] Compared the effects of different maturation time of oocytes on enucleation efficiency and reconstructed embryo development by means of blind enucleation and fluorescence microscopy.[Result] Treatment of IVM(in vitro maturation)19-21 h was significantly higher than IVM 16-18 h treatment in oocyte maturation rate(P<0.05)and was significantly higher than IVM 22-24 h treatment in enucleation rate(P<0.05).Three treatments had no significant difference in cleavage rate and blastocyst rate(P>0.05),but IVM 19-21 h treatment was significantly higher than the other 2 treatments in average cell number of blastocysts(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The appropriate in vitro maturation time of oocytes was 19-21 h for sheep nuclear transfer,which could significantly improve the quality of blastocysts according to the cell number per blastocyst(P<0.05).     

不同浓度Leptin对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和早期孤雌发育的影响

[目的]系统比较了在成熟培养液中添加Leptin对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活胚的发育率和囊胚质量,同时比较了成熟培养液和胚胎培养液添加Leptin对孤雌激活胚发育的影响。[方法]成熟培养液中添加不同浓度Leptin对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和早期孤雌发育能力的影响及囊胚的内细胞团细胞数目,并且研究了成熟培养液和胚胎培养液单独或联合添加Leptin对猪早期孤雌胚胎发育能力的影响及囊胚的内细胞团细胞数目。[结果]成熟培养液中添加不同浓度Leptin(0,10,50,100和200 ng/ml),体外成熟44 h,卵母细胞核成熟率统计分析差异不显著(P>0.05);将核成熟卵母细胞进行化学激活,第2天胚胎卵裂率统计分析差异不显著(P>0.05),但100ng/ml组与其他组第7天的囊胚率及囊胚的总细胞数差异显著(P<0.05);成熟液添加Leptin 100 ng/ml、胚胎培养液添加Leptin 10 ng/ml与其他组第7天的囊胚率及囊胚的内细胞团细胞数差异显著(P<0.05)。[结论]Leptin对卵母细胞成熟和孤雌胚胎发育能力上有相辅相成的作用。     

尿嘧啶和ATP对牛卵母细胞成熟及激活后孤雌胚胎发育的影响

[目的]探究尿嘧啶(Uracil)和三磷酸腺苷二钠盐(ATP)对牛卵母细胞成熟及激活后孤雌胚胎发育的影响。[方法]在体外成熟培养液中添加不同浓度的尿嘧啶和ATP,研究其对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及激活后孤雌胚胎发育能力的影响。[结果]在成熟培养液中添加50μg/ml尿嘧啶能够显著提高卵母细胞的成熟率、分裂率及孤雌胚胎囊胚率;在成熟培养液中分别添加0、250、500、750μg/mlATP,对卵母细胞成熟率影响不大,但添加500μg/ml ATP能显著提高激活后孤雌胚胎囊胚率。[结论]该研究为牛卵母细胞IVM研究提供了参考资料。     

Effects of Ages of Donors and Conditions of Preserving Ovaries on Porcine Oocytes Maturation in vitro and Efficiency of Parthenogenetic Activation

Effects of different ages of donors and different conditions of preserving ovaries on porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and efficiency of parthenogenetic activation were studied. The experiments included: 1) effects of different temperatures (22, 30, 37, 38.5and 40℃) of preserving ovaries on porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and developmental potential; 2) effects of periods of preserving ovaries on porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and development in vitro; 3) effects of different ages of donors on porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and developmental potential. The results of the experiment showed:1) There were no statistical differences (p＞0.05) of the parthenogenetic cleavage rate (79.64% vs 76.18%) and blastocyst rate (18.11% vs 33.82%) between oocytes from ovaries preserved at 38.5℃ and those preserved at 37℃. When the preserving temperature was increased to 40℃, the cleavage rate (21.68%) and the blastocyst rate (0) were great significantly lower than those at 37℃(p＜0.01). The cleavage rate (80.79% vs 76.18%) and blastocyst rate (29.61% vs 33.82%) were not different between 30 and 37℃(p＞ 0.05). When the preserving temperature was decreased to 22℃, the rate of cleavage was not different,but the rate of blastocyst was significantly lower, compared with that at 37℃; 2) The cleavage and blastocyst rates of the porcine oocytes collected after slaughter 2 or 6h were not different (p＞0.05); 3) The cleavage rate of oocytes from gilts and sows after maturation was not different, but the blastocyst rate of the sow group was significantly higher than that of gilt group (p＜ 0.05). The blastocyst cell number of sows and gilt showed no difference (p＞0.05).     

嘌呤核苷类核成熟抑制剂对延边奶山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

[目的]提高卵母细胞体外成熟率及其后续发育能力。[方法]以延边奶山羊为试验对象,活体采卵所获得的卵母细胞为材料,利用核成熟抑制剂HX和IBMX分别进行体外成熟培养,研究嘌呤核苷类核成熟抑制剂对延边奶山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响。[结果]所有浓度HX和IBMX均可有效维持卵母细胞停留在GV期且呈剂量依赖性逐渐升高。最适宜延边奶山羊卵母细胞成熟的HX和IB-MX添加浓度分别为2和0.2 mmol/L。[结论]该研究可为延边奶山羊的转基因和体细胞克隆试验等提供稳定的成熟卵母细胞来源。