借鉴孙桥成功经验发展浦东现代农业

上海孙桥现代农业园区是我国最早的现代农业园区.多年来,园区在推动农业的现代化和城乡一体化进程中起到了示范、辐射、带动作用,成为浦东现代农业发展的典范和现代都市农业发展的新亮点.通过调研,总结其发展的主要经验:科技创新为先导,人才队伍是保证,自主品牌是支撑,市场导向为根本,多元投资是关键；并就发展上海市浦东区现代农业提出...     

不同经济背景下现代农业园区运行机制研究

现代农业园区在广东省农业经济的发展过程中发挥了重要的作用。首先从资金、技术、人才、土地四大要素对现代农业园区支持方面介绍了广东省现代农业园区运行机制的总体情况,然后基于投融资机制、技术选择与扩散机制、人才利用机制、土地流转机制、经营管理机制、市场开拓机制等6个方面,在珠江三角洲、东西两翼、粤北山区3个不同经济背景下分别研究了广东省现代农业园区的运行机制,以期为广东省现代农业园区更好的发展提供理论依据,为我国其他地区农业园区的发展提供借鉴。     

农业园区创新功能促进上海都市农业发展的研究

为进一步推进现代农业园区发展,以上海现代农业园区为研究对象,以三农统筹为出发点,在总结上海都市现代农业发展的基础上,尝试将新型功能加入到农业园区内涵中去,就研究过程中发现的问题进行探讨,并提出相应对策建议.研究表明,上海现代农业园区发展良好,可以在此基础上将新农村建设、发展农业保险以及发展“两型”农业等创新功能加入到园区内涵当中.     

石家庄市现代农业园区现状与探讨

现代农业园区是中国农业现代化进程中的创新实体。本文在对现代农业园区综述基础上,分析了石家庄市现代农业园区在园区数量、经营主体、经营效益三个方面的现状。同时,对现代农业园区可能存在的问题和制度设计与发展思路进行简要说明。并以平山县为例,从脱贫攻坚视角下分析了现代农业园区的发展路径。最后提出对现代农业园区的思考与建议。     

海西现代农业产业技术体系建设探讨

首先阐明现代农业技术体系构成,即由现代生物技术、现代工程技术、现代管理技术3个方面组成,然后根据福建农业的发展情况和主要特点,给出海西现代农业产业技术路线,最后提出福建现代农业产业的八大主导技术.     

关于上海现代农业园区推广平台构建的思考

为现代农业园区更好地"走出去"构建平台采用案例分析与整体分析相结合,文献梳理与调研资料分析相结合的方法,围绕技术研发推广平台、产品创新推广平台、经营管理推广平台、人才培训推广平台、资本运作推广平台、政策服务推广平台等六个方面,构建了上海现代农业园区推广平台.上海现代农业园区的平台构建,为成功推广现代农业园区奠定了坚实基础.     

河北:今年建百个省级农业园区

正从河北省农业农村工作会议上获悉,今年河北省将继续把园区建设作为现代农业的总抓手,大力发展现代农业园区,按照"品种高端、技术高端、装备高端、管理高端、产品高端"的要求,大力推进高端设施农业发展,促使农业质量效益和竞争力有明显提升。按照规划,今年重点抓好100个省级现代农业园     

国外现代农业园区发展对上海的启示

总结了国外现代农业园区发展的模式及经验,分析了上海现代农业园区发展的现状及存在的主要问题,最后从财政和政策支持、产学研联合、产业集群发展及多功能拓展等方面提出促进上海现代农业园区可持续发展的对策。     

衡水市植保信息化建设探索及发展前景

<正>为加快植保信息化与农业现代化两化融合,打造"信息支撑、管理协同,产出高效、产品安全,资源节约、环境友好"的现代农业发展升级版,适应京津冀协同发展和综合配套改革需要,衡水市从现代农业强市建设的实际出发,利用互联网技术,在植保信息采集、发布,现代园区管理、科学精准施药及植保技术推广等方面取得显著发展,提升     

浅析陇南现代农业与现代蚕桑产业园区建设

这些年国家对"三农"问题进行了持续关注,如何发展好农业、增加农民收入和农业产业调整成为人们关注的焦点。建设现代农业园区就是解决上述问题的一条重要途径。本文对国家关于农业园区相关政策进行了分析,归纳整理了国内现代农业园区的特征、概念、内涵、意义、建设原则、必要性、关键环节、发展方向和功能定位、研究成果,并对国内外现代农业园区的发展经验教训进行了分析,从陇南现代农业园区与现代蚕桑产业园区建设的现状出发,提出了陇南现代蚕桑产业园区的功能定位和发展方向。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2

The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。