亚洲谷精草属植物研究(III)

该文对亚洲分布的E.barbeyanum,E.dipsacoides,E.cristatum,E.echinulatum,E.hamiltonianum,E.henryanum,E.hookerianum,E.kradungense,E.nautiliforme,E.nigrum和E.thwaitesii等谷精草属(Eriocaulon L.)11个种的分类问题进行了详细的研究.补充并纠正了E.nigrum Lec.和E.halmitoniamum Martius的形态描写.公开发表新种E.pseudotruncatum和新变种E.truncatum Ham.ex Martius var.florensense.E.seticuspe Ohwi,E.echinulatum Martius var.seticuspe Ohwi,E.echinulatum Martius var.tenue Satake,E.robinsonii Moldenke和E.poilanei Moldenke 5个种(变种)处理为同物异名.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(III)

该文对亚洲分布的E .barbeyanum ,E .dipsacoides,E .cristatum ,E .echinulatum ,E .hamiltonianum ,E .henryanum ,E .hookerianum ,E .kradungense,E .nautiliforme ,E .nigrum和E .thwaitesii等谷精草属 (EriocaulonL .) 11个种的分类问题进行了详细的研究 .补充并纠正了E .nigrumLec .和E .halmitoniamumMartius的形态描写 .公开发表新种E .pseudotruncatum和新变种E .truncatumHam .exMartiusvar.florensense.E .seticuspeOhwi,E .echinulatumMartiusvar.seticuspeOhwi,E .echinulatumMartiusvar.tenueSatake ,E .robinsoniiMoldenke和E .poilaneiMoldenke 5个种 (变种 )处理为同物异名     

安徽省薹草属(Carex Linn.)植物增补

报道采自安徽的薹草属3个新种、2个亚种和1个变种以及薹草属1个新组.即牯牛薹草Carex guniuensis S.W.Su,琅琊薹草Carex langyaensis S.W.Su,X.M.Fang,et al,缘喙薹草Carex rhynchophora Franch.var.margineorostris S.W.Su,大通薹草Carex datongensis S.W.Su,华阳薹草Carex truncatigluma C.B.Clarke subsp.huayangensis S.W.Su,长穗刻鳞薹草Carex incisa Boott subsp.longissima S.W.Su;1个新组:隐匿薹草组Sect.Infos-sae S.W.Su.Sect.nov.     

Identification and Analysis of Genetic Diversity Structure Within Pisum Genus Based on Microsatellite Markers

To assesse the genetic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions of 8 taxonomic groups in 2 species, and 5 subspecies under Pisum genus, and to analyze population structure and their genetic relationships among various groups of taxonomy, the study tried to verify the fitness of traditionally botanical taxonomic system under Pisum genus and to provide essential information for the exploration and utilization of wild relatives of pea genetic resources. 197 Pisum accessions from 62 counties of 5 continents were employed for SSR analysis using 21 polymorphic primer pairs in this study. Except for cultivated field pea Pisum sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum （94 genotypes）, also included were wild relative genotypes that were classified as belonging to P. fulvum, P. sativum ssp.abyssinicum, P. sativum ssp. asiaticum, P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio and P. sativum ssp. sativum var. arvense （103 genotypes）. The PCA analyses and 3-dimension PCA graphs were conducted and drawn by NTSYSpc 2.2d statistical package. Nei78 genetic distances among groups of genetic resources were calculated, and cluster analysis using UPGMA method was carried out by using Popgene V1.32 statistical package, the dendrogram was drawn by MEGA3.1 statistical package. Allelic statistics were carried out by Popgene V1.32. The significance test between groups of genotypes was carried out by Fstat V2.9.3.2 statistical package. 104 polymorphic bands were amplified using 21 SSR primer pairs with unambiguous unique polymorphic bands. 4.95 alleles were detected by each SSR primer pair in average, of which 65.56% were effective alleles for diversity. PSAD270, PSAC58, PSAA18, PSAC75, PSAA175 and PSAB72 were the most effective SSR pairs. SSR alleles were uniformly distributed among botanical taxon units under Pisum genus, but significant difference appeared in most pairwise comparisons for genetic diversity between taxon unit based groups of genetic resources. Genetic diversity level of wild species P. fulvum was much lower than the cultivated species P. sativum. Under species P. sativum, P. sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum and P. sativum ssp. asiaticum were the highest in gentic diversity, followed by P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius and P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio, P. sativum ssp. sativum vat. arvense and P. sativum ssp. abyssinicum were the lowest. Four gene pool clusters were detected under Pisum genus by using PCA analysis. Gene pool ＂fulvum＂ mainly consisted of wild species Pisum fulvum, gene pool ＂abyssinicum＂ mainly consisted of P. sativum ssp. abyssinicum, and gene pool ＂arvense＂ mainly consisted of P. sativum ssp. sativum var. arvense. While gene pool ＂sativum＂ were composed by 5 botanical taxon units, they are P. sativum ssp. asiaticum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius, P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio and P. sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum. ＂sativum＂ gene pool constructed the primary gene pool of cultivated genetic resources; ＂fulvum＂ gene pool, ＂abyssinicum＂ gene pool and ＂arvense＂ gene pool together constructed the secondary gene pool of cultivated genetic resources. Pairwise Nei78 genetic distance among botanical taxon based groups of pea genetic resources ranged from 7.531 to 35.956, 3 large cluster groups were identified based on the UPGMA dendrogram. Group Ⅰ equals to ＂sativum＂ and ＂arvense＂ gene pools, Group Ⅱ equals to ＂abyssinicum＂ gene pool, and Group Ⅲ equals to ＂fulvum＂ gene pool. The UPGMA clustering results generally supporting the PCA clusting results. There were significant differences among most botanical groups under Pisum genus, with clear separation of four gene pools for genetic diversity structure. The research results partially support the traditional botanical taxonomy under Pisum genus, and pointed out its advantage and shortcoming. In order to broaden the genetic bases of pea varieties, the genetic potentials in the four gene pools should be thoroughly exploited.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(Ⅰ)

讨论谷精草属 (Eriocaulon L.) 世界性及亚洲分布的E. setaceum, E. australe, E. exangulare, E.willdenovianum, E. decemflorum, E.wightianum, E.cinereum, E. alpestre 8个种的分类问题. 补充纠正了E. alpestre Koern. 的形态描写.10个种(变种)处理为同物异名.     

13种肉食品的保健功效

1.猪肉:有滋阴、润燥功效.常食猪肉有助于治疗肾虚腰痛、遗精、慢性腰痛. 2.牛肉:性平,有补益脾胃、补益精血功效.但阴虚火旺且身体燥热者及身体虚弱的小孩不宜食用.常食黄牛肉有益于脾胃保健,能健壮机体.孕妇适量进食水牛肉可预防流产、早产. 3.羊肉:性温,可温中补虚,温经补血,温肾壮阳,是冬令美食,可祛寒暖身. 4.狗内:性热,有补肾益精、温补壮阳功效.常食狗肉有助于防治小儿遗尿、老人耳聋、中老年人阳痿.     

松潘生态修复模式区生物多样性与稳定性研究

九寨-黄龙世界自然遗产地位于我国西部典型的山地生态脆弱区,自2001年以来松潘县在退耕还林工程进行了不同树种配制模式的实践,共计营造了12个生态经济林模式.它们分别为:1.枸杞,2.沙棘,3.山桃+云杉,4.山杏+云杉,5.云杉,6.西蜀丁香+陇东海棠,7.云杉+阿根廷柳,8.云杉+青杨,9.阿根廷柳,10.阿根廷柳+青杨,11.青杨,12.山杏+阿根廷柳模式.通过对这12个模式群落与各层次物种多样性的分析比较,发现绝大多数模式木本层多样性并不高,而草本层则物种数多为20种左右,香农威纳指数都达到2.0以上,因而,群落总体多样性很可观.运用Godron M稳定性测定方法检验其生态稳定性表明:各模式的生态稳定性与理论上20/80的稳定点尚有相当距离;其大小依次为:1.枸杞,2.沙棘,4.山杏+云杉,6.西蜀丁香+陇东海棠,10.阿根廷柳+青杨,12.山杏+阿根廷柳,5.云杉,8.云杉+青杨,7.云杉+阿根廷柳,11.青杨,9.阿根廷柳,3.山桃+云杉,这表明模式构建后仍处在较脆弱的状态.稳定性与其多样性之间的拟合也表明稳定性与多样性并无多少明显相关,甚至还有呈现负相关的趋势.这预示着多样性与稳定性之间不存在简单的线性关系,而是可能存在一个多样性阈值.

Abstract：

The World Natural Heritage-Jiuzaigou & Huanglong-is located in the eco-vulnerablele areas of West China. Since 2001, a total of 12 reconstruction models of the degraded landscape in the eco-vulnerable areas have been implemented in Songpan County, i. e. 1) Lycium chinense; 2) Hippophae rhamnoides;3) Amygdalus davidiana + Picea asperata ; 4) Armeniaca sibirica + P. asperata; 5) P. asperata; 6)Syringa komarowii +Maluskansuensis; 7) P. asperata + Salix argentinensis; 8) P. asperata+ Populus cathayana; 9) S. argentinensis; 10) S. argentinensis + P. cathayana; 11) P. cathayanaand 12) A.sibirica+ S. argentinensis. An analysis of both horizontal and vertical species diversity in these 12 models showed that there were generally poor species richness and diversity in the woody layer. In contrast, the herb layer of most models possessed considerable diversity, with about 20 species and a Shannon-Weiner index of over 2.0. In addition, most models possessed sound species diversity, contributed by diversity in the herb layers. Estimation of bio-stability with M. Godron stability method demonstrated that the ecostability of each model fell quite apart from the theoretic stable point (20/80), being in the sequence of L.chinense > H. rhamnoides > A. sibirica+ P. asperata > S. komarowii + M. kansuensis> S. argentinensis + P. cathayana> A. sibirica + S. argentinensis > P. asperata > P. asperata + Populus cathayana > P. asperata + S. argentinensis > P. cathayana > S. argentinensis > Amygdalus davidiana + P. asperata, indicating that these models remained in their fragile status. Simulation between their species diversity and ecological stability also indicated that little, if any, simple linear correlation existed between them and, sometimes, even a negative correlation was shown, suggesting that there may be a threshold of biodiversity other than a simple linear relationship between diversity and stability.     

浙江木本植物区系资料

报道1 亚种2 变种1 变型, 其中伏毛八角枫Alangium chinese (Lour .)Harms ssp .strigosum Fang , 多叶浙江木蓝Indigofera parkesii Craib var .polyphylla Y .Y .Fang et C .Z .Zheng , 毛冻绿Rhamnus uti lis Decne var .hypochrysa (Schneid .)Rehd.为浙江分布新记录;白花网络崖豆藤Millettia reticulata Benth .form.albiflora Y .Q .Zhu et G .L .Zheng form .nov .为新变型。     

敷脐治疗男科病

1.遗精.刺猬皮1张,烘干,研为细末.取适量药末以唾液调成糊状,敷于肚脐,外用伤湿解痛膏固定.2天换药1次,10天为1个疗程,有特效. 2.阳瘘.白胡椒3克,制附片6克,明雄黄6克,小麦面15克,大曲酒适量.将前3味药研为细末,与小麦面拌匀,用大曲酒调成糊状.     

鸡内金治病10则

鸡内金,又名鸡肫皮.为鸡的沙囊内膜干品.将鸡宰后,取出沙囊,剖开,趁热剥取内膜,洗净.晒干.即为鸡内金.它味甘,性平,具有消积滞、健脾胃功效.可治疗下列多种病症.     

Expression,Characterization and Antimicrobial Ability of a Variant T4 Lysozyme in Pichia pastoris

T4 lysozyme was engineered with disulfide bonds and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The secreted proteins were purified and made into powder by lyophiliza-tion. Recombinant protein purity was more than 70% measured by HPLC. The lytic activity of variant T4-lysozyme was measured by the lysis of the cel wal of Xan-thomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, Ralstonia solanacearum comb. nov, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, X. campestris pv. mal-vacearum, Fusarium oxysporium sp. vasinfectum, Verticil ium dahliae kleb. Inhibition zone assay showed that variant T4 lysozyme significantly inhibited X. o. oryzicola and X. c. malvacearum. The antifungal activities of this protein against F. o. vasin-fectum and V. d. kleb were also analyzed.     

桉树伞房属4个种在广东清新的早期生长表现

分析了引自澳大利亚东部的桉树伞房属4个种在广东省清新试验点5年生时的生长表现.方差分析表明,树种间、种源间、家系间在树高、胸径、材积生长量上均存在极显著的差异.表现最好的是大叶斑皮桉Corymbia henryi (S.T. Blake) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson,其次是斑皮柠檬桉C. variegata (F. Muell.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson、柠檬桉C. citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson和斑皮桉C. maculata (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson.4个树种的平均树高为8.04 m,平均胸径为7.28 cm,平均单株材积为0.021 9 m3.其中斑皮柠檬桉10248种源44号家系的生长量最大,其平均树高为10.35 m,平均胸径为9.70 cm,平均单株材积为0.040 00 m3.初步选出20个家系,占家系总数的21.98%.     

Analysis of the Genetic Relationships in Chinese Ziziphus with SRAP Markers

The phylogenic and genetic relationships in germplasm resources of Chinese Ziziphus were studied at molecular levels, for providing new molecular evidences of classification, protection, and utilization of germplasm resources of Ziziphus. The sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） was assessed to analyse the genetic relationships among 14 species of Ziziphus, 11 cultivars of Z. jujuba Mill., and one outgroup. A total of 580 DNA bands were amplified by 19 selective primers, 570 of which （98.28%） were polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic DNA bands amplified by each primer was 30. The genetic similarities of 26 sample materials were between 0.22 and 0.99. UPGMA method cluster analysis showed that 26 sample materials were classified into six cluster groups with the genetic similarity of 0.28. The results showed that SRAP technique is efficient in studying genetic relationships among Ziziphus, Z. jujuba Mill. and Z. acidojujuba C. Y. Cheng et M. J. Liu which should be treated as one species, and further infraspecific classification of Z. jujuba Mill. should be classified into two subspecies; the scientific names of new taxa, Chinese jujube, and wild jujube were Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp, jujuba and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp, spinosa （Bunge） J. Y. Peng, X. Y. Li et L. Li, respectively. Z. xiangchengensis Y. L.Chen et P. K. Chou, Z. montana W.W. Smith and Z. mairei Dode might be originated from same ancestry. Z xiangchengensis Y. L. Chen et P. K. Chou and Z. montana W.W. Smith should be treated as one species. The infrasubspecific taxon of Z. jujuba Mill. was not suitable to set up varieties.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(I)

讨论谷精草属 (EriocaulonL .)世界性及亚洲分布的E .setaceum ,E .australe,E .exangulare,E .willde novianum ,E .decemflorum ,E .wightianum ,E .cinereum ,E .alpestre 8个种的分类问题 .补充纠正了E .alpestreKoern .的形态描写 .10个种 (变种 )处理为同物异名 .     

西瓜常见病虫害防治法

1.猝倒病.幼苗出土后靠近地面处发生.初期为水渍状斑点,尔后病斑逐步扩展,绕幼茎一周.病部缢缩成线状时,幼苗即猝倒.控制苗床温度并加强苗期管理,是防治猝倒病的关键.发病后,喷洒铜铵合剂效果好.     

艾滋病防护细则

根据艾滋病传播途径的不同,个人预防艾滋病是有规律可循的. 一、防母婴传播 1.婚前体检应化验艾滋病病毒抗体,婚后双方都必须严格遵守性道德,互相忠诚. 2.已感染艾滋病病毒的妇女要避免怀孕. 3.感染艾滋病病毒的妇女若怀孕,应考虑做人工流产. 4.感染艾滋病病毒妇女产下的婴儿,都不应由产妇本人哺乳. 二、防性传播 1.青少年和未婚者不要有婚前性行为或滥交.     

RAPD Analysis of Germplasm Resources of Kudingcha Species in Oleaceae

The random amplified polymorphic DNA marker （RAPD） was applied to detect the genetic relationships and diversity among 21 germplasm materials of Kudingcha species in Oleaceae, which involved 8 species, i.e., Ligustrum robustum （Roxb.） Blume, L. henryi Hemsl., L. japonicum Thunb, L. japonicum Thunb. var. pubscens Koidz, L. lucidum Ait., L. pedunculare Rehd, Osmanthus masumuranus Hayata, and L. delavayanm Hariot. 20 RAPD primers selected were applied for the amplification on the 21 germplasm materials mentioned above. 427 bands were obtained, and the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB） was 97.7%. The genetic similarity coefficients （GS） ranged from 0.1522 to 0.8322 with an average of 0.5466. There was a significant genetic difference among germplasm materials of Kudingcha species in Oleaceae, and UPGMA cluster based on the GS of RAPD could distinguish all test germplasm materials clearly and indicated the relationship of the 8 species mentioned above, all of which indicated that RAPD markers could be used for the studies of genetic diversity and relationship and classification of germplasm resources of Kudingcha species in Oleaceae. Analysis results of RAPD showed that L. japonicum Thunb. var. pubscens Koidz has closer genetic relationship with L. pedunculare Rehd and further genetic relationship with L. japonicum Thunb. among all tested species. The authors suggest that further research is needed to study whether L. japonicum Thunb. var. pubscens Koidz should be classified into a variata of L. japonicum Thunb, or should be considered as an independent species. The analysis results supported that L. pururascens Y. C. Yang should be combined into L. robustum （Roxb.） Blume.     

草药外敷可治骨质增生

我是中学教师,患颈、腰椎骨质增生已5年,病魔折腾得我寝食不安.先后使用了不少中西药和膏药.还做了牵引、理疗、针灸、按摩等疗法.花去医药费数万元.收效甚微.此后于贵州上山采药时,遇一老翁.偶得一偏方,回家一试.果然真灵.不到两个月症状全部消除,两年来,没有复发.     

小尾寒羊快速育肥六要诀

一、及时去势.用于育肥的羔羊应在1～3周龄去势.此时去势可使肉质细嫩,减少膻味.并使羊性情温顺.便于管理.容易育肥.去势方法:①去势钳法.用特制的去势钳在阴囊上部用力紧夹,将精索夹断,以后睾丸自行萎缩.此法不切伤口,无失血、无感染.②结扎法.公羔1周龄时将睾丸挤在阴囊里,用橡皮筋或细绳在阴囊上部即精索部位紧紧缠结,使血液循环受阻.20～30天后阴囊和睾丸萎缩自然脱落.     

金花茶新变种——防城金花茶

本文论述了将长柱金花茶Camellia chrysantha(Hu)Tuyama form.longistyla S.L.Mo et Y.C.Zhong升格为新变种,即C.chrysantha(Hu) Tuyama van.,longistyla(S.L.Mo et Y.C.Zhong)J.Y. Chen et X.L.Wang,var.D.ncv.的多种理由,主要是花粉在光学显微镜下的形态羞男l】,尤其是扫描电镜下的外壁纹饰差异。同时,相应将中名改称防城金花茶,借以表明其主要产地。