苦瓜新品种的碧丰选育

碧丰苦瓜是经过连续自交选育的母本M-2-9-1-1-1和父本F-1-4-2-3-1配制的油身苦瓜杂种一代新品种.瓜长圆锥形,皮色油绿,条瘤状;瓜长26～31 cm、横径6.0～6.5 cm,肉厚1.0～1.1 cm,单瓜重330～360 g;肉质脆,苦味适中,商品率94%.较早熟,产量高,优质,抗逆性强,每667 m2产量3 000～4 000 kg,适合华南地区3～8月种植.     

金丝瓜

金丝瓜是我国稀有特产的耐贮运菜用优质瓜,又叫粉条瓜、粉丝瓜、面条瓜等.瓜体椭圆形,皮光亮金黄.大种品种,一般瓜重2～3kg,长25～30cm,周圆45～50cm,瓜肉厚2.5～3cm.子房横径8cm以上,纵径15cm左右.种子长2cm,宽1.1cm,粒大而饱满,千粒重300g.每瓜内有200～300粒.     

苦瓜新品种早优苦瓜的选育

早优苦瓜是广州市农业科学研究所以经过自交和姐妹交选育的新-2作母本、以经过有性杂交选育的M-3-5作父本配制的油身苦瓜杂种一代新品种.其瓜身圆锥形,皮色油绿,条瘤状;瓜长27～30 cm,横径5.5～6.5 cm,肉厚1.0～1.1 cm;瓜中等大,单瓜重330～360 g;肉质脆,苦味适中,商品率92%;表现早熟,丰产,优质,每667m2产量3 000～4 000 kg,适合华南地区推广种植.     

莞研油绿长身苦瓜的选育及栽培技术

莞研油绿长身苦瓜是以油绿1号-511为母本、鸦岗油瓜-123为父本配制的苦瓜一代杂种。该品种植株生长势和分枝性强,瓜长圆锥形,表皮油绿有亮泽,条瘤光滑顺直,瓜长26.6～26.9 cm、横径5.85～6.09 cm,肉厚0.99～1.03 cm;单瓜重350.8～368.7g,一般每667 m2产量约1 800 kg,品质优,中抗白粉病和枯萎病;适宜广东省苦瓜产区春、秋季种植。该品种于2012年1月通过广东省农作物品种审定。     

优质早熟冬瓜新品种早粉1号选育及栽培要点

通过早熟材料LC02-6和中熟材料FW2两个优选自交系配制的冬瓜杂一代新品种早粉1号遗传性稳定,植株生长势强,早熟瓜单重5～10kg,老熟瓜8～15kg;果肉致密,回味甜,肉厚4～7cm,肉质细,品质佳,纵长34～40cm,横径22～28cm,商品性好;早熟,抗逆性强,平均亩产量达8000～10000kg,显著优于地方早熟主栽品种五叶子。     

丝瓜新品种夏绿3号的选育

夏绿3号丝瓜是以HYX1为母本、9807为父本选育而成的一代杂种.该品种适宜夏秋植,中早熟,生势中等,连续坐果能力强,商品瓜长棍棒形,头尾匀称,瓜条直,皮色深绿,风味脆甜,瓜长55～60 cm、横径4.5～5 cm,单瓜重400～500 g.耐热,耐贮运,高抗疫病,抗枯萎病、霜霉病,产量高,一般每667 m2产量为2 000～2 500 kg.     

苦瓜新品种闽研2号的选育

闽研2号苦瓜是利用福州南屿苦瓜和广东青皮苦瓜高代稳定自交系选育的杂交一代新品种.中早熟,瓜棒状,瓜皮绿色有光泽,瓜长26～35 cm,瓜横径6～7 cm,瓜肉厚0.8～1.1 cm,平均单瓜重400 g左右.瓜肉质甘脆微苦,品质好.参加闽侯、永安、上杭多点试验,每公顷产量达45 000 kg,比当地各主栽品种增产5.4%～20.6%.     

黄瓜新品种航研2号的选育及大棚栽培技术

航研2号黄瓜是以HC-7-2-1-1-1为母本、W7-2-12-3为父本配制育成的一代杂交种,该品种为早熟品种,植株长势强、结瓜能力强;瓜为长棒状,长35～40 cm,表皮深绿色,口感香脆;高抗猝倒病,对疫病和灰霉病也有较强的抗性;春季大棚栽培每667 m2产量可达5 392 kg,商品率高达90.4%.     

苦瓜新品种桂农科一号和桂农科二号的选育

根据华南地区对苦瓜春提早和秋延后栽培的需求选育出2个早熟、耐冷凉气候的苦瓜新品种,分别命名为桂农科一号和桂农科二号。2个品种表现为早熟,强雌性,第1雌花节位低,连续结瓜能力强,主侧蔓均可结瓜;在气温为12-23℃条件下,能正常开花结果;瓜皮油绿色;瓜型圆筒形,肩平蒂圆,大直瘤,商品性好。桂农科一号瓜长约35．0cm,横径8．0-9．0cm,肉厚1．2-1．4cm,平均单瓜重380g,产量约49500kg·ha^-1;桂农科二号瓜长约30．0cm,横径8．0-10．0cm,肉厚1．3-1．5cm,平均单瓜重450g,味甘微苦,产量约52500kg·ha^-1。2个品种均适宜在华南地区春秋露地和大棚种植。     

早熟优质小冬瓜新品种白星102的选育

白星102为冬瓜一代杂交种。早熟,第一雌花节位10～12节。果实小圆筒形,嫩瓜绿色,老熟瓜披白色蜡粉,瓜肉紧实,空腔极小,中轴胎座。瓜长约30cm,横径约10cm,平均肉厚3.15cm。平均单瓜重1.7kg,2年多点试验平均产量8060.3kg/667m2左右。一般单株坐瓜2～5个,采收期长。极耐贮藏和运输。适于南、北方露地或大棚高密度栽培。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

盐胁迫对葡萄苗期多胺和激素代谢的影响

【目的】 研究盐胁迫条件下,葡萄叶片中多胺含量、多胺氧化酶、多胺合成酶活性以及激素的动态变化,研究不同盐胁迫强度对多胺类物质及激素代谢的影响。【方法】 采用盆栽基质培养模拟盐胁迫环境,设置4个NaCl处理梯度:0 (CK)、1、2和3 g/kg。多胺和激素含量的测定采用高效液相色谱法,多胺合成及分解酶活性的测定采用紫外分光光度计比色法。【结果】 盐胁迫处理后,葡萄叶片中多胺含量和脱落酸含量较对照而言显著增加,玉米素含量显著降低,随胁迫时间的延长,Put、Spm、Spd、ABA以及PAO、DAO、ADC、ODC、SAMDC活性均呈先上升后下降趋势,在10 d及10 d后达到峰值。ZT呈逐渐下降的趋势,并随胁迫强度增大而减小;进行显著性分析后,叶片中多胺含量与Put、Spm、Spd含量呈极显著正相关,DAO、ADC、ODC活性与Put含量呈显著正相关,PAO与SAMDC活性与Spm和Spd含量也呈极显著正相关。【结论】 3种多胺经酶的合成代谢后和激素共同缓解葡萄苗所遭受到的盐胁迫,期间主要发生作用的是多胺合成酶,盐胁迫下多胺与激素含量之间的变化关系也十分密切。     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托,采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标,按业务流程设计与实现的,包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题,建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异,探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料,采用“3414”方案,在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部,不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部;不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部;不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部,不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段,植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势,但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大,不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理,为22 694.06 kg·hm-2,其次是N2P2K2处理,为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配,对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量,又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中,氮素最重要,在氮素得到满足的条件下,磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下,氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2

The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o     

内脐蠕孢属、平脐蠕孢属和凸脐蠕孢属的研究

本文报道了平脐蠕孢属(Bipolaris)一个新种,一个新组合,5个新记录以及凸脐蠕孢属(Exserohilum)一个新记录。讨论了内脐蠕孢属(Drechslera)、平脐蠕孢属、凸脐蠕孢属与长蠕孢属(Helminthosporium)的关系,并就我国已报道的长蠕孢属真菌按Alcorn等~([1,3,4,5,24])人的意见,逐个进行了订正。