全州县中低产耕地类型分布与改良

本文分析了全州县中低产耕地类型、面积、分布及障碍因素的状况,提出了中低产耕地的改良措施。     

江西省耕地地力演变趋势研究

分析了1984~2013年连续30年江西省耕地地力监测数据,对江西耕地基础地力及不同地力的耕地主要性状进行了探讨,揭示了江西省耕地基础地力演变趋势及施肥效应,针对不同地力水平的耕地提出了相关培肥措施。     

耕地保护制度创新研究——以重庆市为例

以耕地资源现状为基础分析了当前耕地资源面临的危机,并对当前重庆市耕地保护措施及存在的不足进行了剖析,在耕地保护新形势下,结合大数据、先进技术及创新思维,提出搭建耕地资源保护监测监管平台和土地整治转型升级两措施,以期找到耕地资源保护的突破口。     

江西省耕地地力演变趋势研究

分析了1984²013年连续30年江西省耕地地力监测数据,对江西耕地基础地力及不同地力的耕地主要性状进行了探讨,揭示了江西省耕地基础地力演变趋势及施肥效应,针对不同地力水平的耕地提出了相关培肥措施。     

四川省宣汉县耕地质量建设现状及对策

耕地是关系到人类生存和社会发展的基本自然资源。本文从地形地貌、土壤类型及分布、农业生产、耕地数量质量和成因进行了分析，并提出了抓好耕地质量建设的对策措施。     

鄂州市耕地资源合理配置及提高粮食综合生产能力对策措施

概述鄂州市耕地资源及评价结果,分析全市耕地利用现状及特点,提出耕地资源合理配置及提高粮食综合生产能力对策措施.     

石嘴山市惠农区耕地土壤盐渍化调查

通过对石嘴山市惠农区耕地土壤盐渍化分布现状进行调查,得出非盐渍化、轻盐渍化、中盐渍化、重盐渍化耕地的面积与比例,分析了盐渍化耕地的成因,并提出具体改良措施及改良的重点内容。     

我国城市化进程中土地集约利用与耕地保护研究

介绍了土地集约利用和耕地的内涵,分析了我国城市化进程中城市建设与土地集约利用及耕地保护的关系,指出了我国耕地保护的现状及存在的主要问题,并提出了耕地保护的相关措施。     

关于甘肃省耕地占补平衡的探讨

笔者对甘肃省耕地资源情况及耕地资源减少的原因进行分析，并对甘肃省的后备耕地资源情况进行分析，甘肃省的后备耕地资源情况可以实现全省的耕地占补平衡，同时提出了一系列开发后备耕地资源的建议措施。     

安达市盐碱耕地改良方法及治理措施

根据盐碱土的成因及以往对盐碱土治理积累的经验,对安达市耕地现状及盐碱耕地不良影响进行分析,并结合安达市实际,进一步提出了安达市盐碱耕地改良方法及具体的治理措施,以供借鉴。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。     

大棚金针菇栽培中的关键技术

金针菇栽培方式大多选用大棚栽培,大棚栽培金针菇比较方便,所需条件不是很高,栽培过程中湿度、温度、光照等条件均易于控制。在实际栽培过程中,探讨大棚栽培金针菇的关键技术,避免错误操作影响产量。从菌株、配方的选择、栽培袋的制作、灭菌、接种、培养、出菇、病虫害防治等方面论述了金针菇大棚栽培的关键技术,阐述了大棚栽培金针菇整个过程中需要注意的地方,以及一些栽培要领,为广大金针菇栽培户提供有价值的技术参考意见。