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1.
Nitrogen is one of the important factors for high yield of rice. Apart from high yield, high quality has become the current urgent demand for rice production. Grain-filling stage is crucial for rice yield and quality formation. However, the effect of nitrogen on grain-filling characteristics and the relationship of grain-filling characteristics and rice quality of mid-season indica rice were still unclear. A field experiment was carried out to ascertain the critical grain-filling characteristics that contribute to rice milling quality, appearance quality and cooking and eating quality under nitrogen applications. The results showed that nitrogen applications prolonged the duration of superior and inferior grain filling. The mean grainfilling rate(G_(mean)) and the maximum grain-filling rate(G_(max)) of the inferior grains were positively correlated with chalky kernel rate, chalkiness, and amylose content. The time reaching the maximum grain-filling rate(T_(max) G) of the inferior grains was positively correlated with brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and head milled rice rate. Chalky kernel rate and chalkiness were negatively correlated with peak paste viscosity and breakdown viscosity. Less amylose content and more crude protein content were detected in nitrogen application of Liangyoupei 9 and Y Liangyou 2 both in 2016 and 2017. According to the correlation analysis, better cooking and eating quality of Y Liangyou 2 which had less amylose content might result from its higher G_(max) and G_(mean) of inferior grain than that of Liangyoupei 9 in the treatments of nitrogen application. These results indicated that the prolonging grain-filling duration and increasing grain weight at the maximum grain-filling rate of inferior grains contributed to the improvement of milling quality, appearance quality, and cooking and eating quality of mid-season indica rice under appropriate nitrogen applications.  相似文献   

2.
 【目的】研究灌浆期水稻穗上不同粒位籽粒内源激素含量和关键酶活性的差异及其与籽粒品质形成的关系。【方法】以中熟籼稻扬稻6号和中熟粳稻扬粳9538为材料,按照一次枝梗数将稻穗分为上、中、下三个部位,以穗中部一、二次枝梗不同粒位籽粒为研究对象。【结果】灌浆前期开花较早的籽粒中玉米素(Z)+玉米素核苷(ZR)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)含量以及淀粉合成酶(SSase)、淀粉分支酶(Q酶)活性明显高于同枝梗上开花较迟的籽粒,灌浆后期则相反;籽粒开花越早,其内源激素含量以及酶活性到达最大值的时间越早,峰值也越高。灌浆前期ABA、Z+ZR、IAA含量、ABA/(Z+ZR+IAA)比值以及SSase酶和Q-酶活性与千粒重、直链淀粉累积速率、直链淀粉含量呈显著或极显著正相关,与垩白度呈显著或极显著负相关,灌浆后期则相反;灌浆前期SSase和Q-酶活性与胶稠度呈负相关,中、后期则相反;与粗蛋白含量的相关两品种存在差异,与整精米率相关不显著。【结论】灌浆期水稻穗上不同粒位籽粒内源激素含量与关键酶活性存在差异;不同粒位间籽粒米质差异的形成与籽粒内源激素含量与关键酶活性密切相关。  相似文献   

3.
种植方式对陆稻和水稻籽粒灌浆及垩白的影响   总被引:12,自引:3,他引:12  
 【目的】揭示种植方式对籽粒灌浆及垩白的影响。【方法】连续2年以中旱3号(陆稻)和武香粳99-8(水稻)为供试材料,设置覆膜旱种和裸地旱种2种旱种方式,以水层湿润灌溉为对照进行对比试验。【结果】与水种(对照)相比,陆稻覆膜旱种的产量显著低于对照,而水稻覆膜旱种的产量与对照无显著差异,裸地旱种的产量均较对照显著降低。陆稻旱种(覆膜旱种和裸地旱种)后强、弱势粒的相对起始灌浆势(R0/W)、最大灌浆速率(Gmax)、平均灌浆速率(G)均大于对照,活跃灌浆时间(D)小于对照,粒重均高于对照,垩白粒率显著低于对照。水稻旱种后强、弱势粒的R0/W、Tmax和粒重与陆稻旱种的结果相反。水稻覆膜旱种的垩白粒率与对照无显著差异,裸地旱种的垩白粒率显著下降。水稻和陆稻旱种的垩白度均显著减小。稻米的垩白粒率与籽粒的Gmax和G呈极显著和显著负相关。【结论】水稻和陆稻旱种可以增大籽粒的灌浆速率,改善稻米的外观品质。  相似文献   

4.
两系杂交稻茎鞘物质运转与籽粒充实特性的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
刘晓斌 《安徽农业科学》2004,32(6):1118-1121
选用不同类型两系杂交稻组合 ,研究了结实期茎鞘物质运转与籽粒灌浆结实的关系。结果表明 :两系杂交水稻在抽穗后的净光合速率和干物质积累量明显高于三系杂交稻。茎鞘物质的输出率与结实率、充实率、最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率呈显著的正相关关系。各组合以下部茎鞘物质积累多、转运率高。茎鞘物质转运启动时间早、运转强度大 ,其转运率高的组合 ,结实率高、充实度好 ,表明早期转运对籽粒灌浆充实的重要性。抽穗期提高糖花比 ,同时在灌浆始期促进茎鞘非结构性碳水化合物向籽粒库运转有利于激发库的活性 ,启动和促进更多的籽粒灌浆 ,减少空秕粒 ,增进籽粒充实。  相似文献   

5.
为明确高产氮高效型籼稻品种的籽粒灌浆特性及其与产量和氮素利用的关系,选用高产氮高效型(HYHNE)、高产氮中效型(HYMNE)和低产氮低效型(LYLNE)杂交籼稻品种,在相应最适氮肥水平下,研究3种类型水稻品种籽粒灌浆特性差异及其与产量和氮利用效率的关系。结果表明,籽粒灌浆特性在不同类型品种间和不同粒位间均存在较大差异。强势粒的最大灌浆速率(GRmax)、达到最大灌浆速率时的米粒重(Wmax)和平均灌浆速率(GRmean)均表现为HYHNE>HYMNE>LYLNE,起始生长势(R0)、活跃灌浆期(D)和有效灌浆时间(T99)均表现为HYHNELYLNE>HYMNE, R0、D和T99均表现为HYHNE相似文献   

6.
为明确高产氮高效型籼稻品种的籽粒灌浆特性及其与产量和氮素利用的关系,选用高产氮高效型(HYHNE)、高产氮中效型(HYMNE)和低产氮低效型(LYLNE)杂交籼稻品种,在相应最适氮肥水平下,研究3种类型水稻品种籽粒灌浆特性差异及其与产量和氮利用效率的关系。结果表明,籽粒灌浆特性在不同类型品种间和不同粒位间均存在较大差异。强势粒的最大灌浆速率(GRmax)、达到最大灌浆速率时的米粒重(Wmax)和平均灌浆速率(GRmean)均表现为HYHNE>HYMNE>LYLNE,起始生长势(R0)、活跃灌浆期(D)和有效灌浆时间(T99)均表现为HYHNELYLNE>HYMNE, R0、D和T99均表现为HYHNE相似文献   

7.
两系杂交稻茎鞘物质运转与籽粒充实特性研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
选用不同类型的两系杂交稻品种,研究了结实期茎鞘物质运转与籽粒灌浆结实的关系。结果表明,两系杂交稻在抽穗后的净光合速率和干物质积累量明显高于三系杂交稻;茎鞘物质的输出率与结实率、充实率、最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率呈显著的正相关;各品种以下部茎鞘物质积累多、转运率高;茎鞘物质转运启动时间早、运转强度大,其转运率高、结实率高、充实度好,表明早期转运对籽粒灌浆充实的重要性;抽穗期提高糖花比,同时在灌浆始期促进茎鞘非结构性碳水化合物向籽粒库运转,有利于激发库的活性,启动和促进更多的籽粒灌浆,减少空秕粒的产生,增加籽粒充实率。  相似文献   

8.
中籼迟熟杂交稻新组合籽粒灌浆特性的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用Richards模型研究了12个杂交稻品种(组合)的籽粒灌浆过程,结果表明:V2(B优827)、V7(宜香优2292)和V9(内香2550)强、弱势粒灌浆高峰时间间隔较短,为明显的同步灌浆类型;其余的组合强、弱势粒灌浆高峰时间间隔较长,为明显的异步灌浆型。灌浆过程的前、中、后3期对总灌浆物质的贡献分别约占12%、61%、27%,且V2(B优827)、V5(冈优363)、V6(绵2优838)、V11(D优527)的强势粒上前期和中期的灌浆持续天数相差很小,V1(一丰8号)、V5(冈优363)、V11(D优527)的弱势粒上中期和后期的灌浆持续天数相差很小,V1(一丰8号)、V5(冈优363)、V11(D优527)、V12(川香9838)的弱势粒上前期贡献率较大,所以这些品种(组合)的灌浆效果都显著,产量都较高。相关分析表明,活跃生长期D、灌浆中期持续时间T2和整个灌浆持续t99都对终极生长量A有显著作用。  相似文献   

9.
With 10 rice cultivars (lines) as materials, the changes in activities of adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPGPase), starch synthase (SSase) and starch branching enzyme (Q-enzyme) in the grains during grain filling, and their relationships with the filling rate, gel consistency (GC), alkali spreading value (ASV) and amylose content (AC) were studied. The results showed that changes in activities of ADPGPase, SSase and Q-enzyme exhibited a single peak during grain filling, and the time of the activity peaks for the former two enzymes was earlier than that of the maximum grain-filling rate (Tmax), and the time reaching the peak for Q-enzyme was synchronous with Tmax. The activities at early grain filling stage, and the mean and maximum activities of each enzyme during grain filling period were positively and significantly or very significantly correlated with the mean and maximum grain filling rate and starch content (mg grain-1) in the grains.Activities of ADPGPase at all grain filling stages and those of Q-enzyme at the early and mid filling stages were not significantly correlated the cooking quality (GC, ASV and AC). SSase activities at the early filling stage were significantly and negatively correlated with GC and ASV, and positively correlated with AC. Activities of SSase at mid and late grain filling stages and Q-enzyme at the late filling stage were significantly and positively correlated with GC and ASV, and negatively correlated with AC. Spraying zeatin or abscisic acid at early grain filling stage could obviously regulate the activities of ADPGPase, SSase and Q-enzyme in the grains.  相似文献   

10.
强弱势粒的稻米垩白度差异及其与谷粒粒重的关系   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
6个早籼品种的分期播种度试验结果表明:(1)强势粒与弱势粒的稻米垩白度差异,有强势粒显高于弱势粒,强势粒显低于弱势粒和强势粒与弱势粒无显差异3种类型。(2)相同的温度变化对强势粒和弱势粒垩白度的影响不同,强势粒到达垩白最小时的温度可能高于弱势粒。(3)垩白与粒重之间的关系相当复杂,并受到供试品种和实验条件的强烈影响。  相似文献   

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