中国片唇鮈属鱼类一新种（鲤形目：鲤科）

报道了2004年9月采自江苏镇江的鲤科鱼类一新种;镇江片唇Platysmacheiluszhenjiangensissp.nov.。新种的口唇结构等性状近似于长江上游的裸腹片唇P.nudiventrisLo,YaoetChen,但区别是侧线鳞和鳃耙数少、吻较短、肛门位置近腹鳍基等。     

捷小唇泥蜂属一新种记述(膜翅目:方头泥蜂科:小唇泥蜂族)

本文记述了方头泥蜂科捷小唇泥蜂属一新种,海南捷小唇泥蜂Tachytes hainanensissp.nov.,模式标本保存于云南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

头刃线虫属一新种（线虫门：垫刃科）

本文描述了在广东省深圳市光明农场的梨树根际土中采集到的头刃线虫属一新种，凹头刃线虫。该新种以阴门向体内凹陷，具有较大的外唇和较小的内唇区别于头刃线虫属中的其他种，此外，该新种是这个属中第二个具有４条侧线的种群，该新种在侧线数、体长和口针长等特征上与印度头刃线虫相似，它们的区别除了阴门特征外，在头部、阴门侧膜、卵巢、后阴子宫囊以及尾长等特征上也存在着明显差异。     

柑桔根结线虫新种Meloidogyne citri n.sp.描述

Meloidogyne citri n.sp.采自福建省顺昌县水南乡下沙柑桔园的温州蜜柑(Citrusunshiu Marc.)根部。新种的主要鉴定特征:雌虫虫体白色,球形或梨形,后部稍隆起;唇盘呈“X”形,中唇和侧唇大;EP/ST=2.4(2.0-2.8);会阴花纹近圆形,在阴门外缘的一侧或两侧形成颊状纹。雄虫头部无环纹;口针长25.1μm,口针基部球横卵形与针杆分开;交合刺长38.6μm;侧带有4条沟纹、有网纹。幼虫平均体长为465μm,尾长53.8μm,透明尾端长16.1μm,口针长11.5 μm,直肠不膨大。新种与相近种福建根结线虫(Meloidogyne fujanensis)的主要区别是会阴花纹有颊纹。M.fujanensis 无颊纹,在阴门裂边缘外侧有一小圆隆。     

3种冠环线虫体表结构的扫描电镜观察

首次应用扫描电镜技术对冠状冠环线虫(Coronocyclus coronatus)、大唇片冠环线虫(C.labiatus)和小唇片冠环线虫(C.labratus)的体表结构特征进行观察和比较。结果表明,3种线虫的形态特征存在明显差异。冠状冠环线虫外叶冠由22个小叶组成;4个亚中乳突起自口领基部,向口领顶部延伸呈隆起状;雄虫生殖锥背唇上有1对卵圆形结构的附属物,中部相融合,上面分布着许多刚毛状突起;雌虫尾部直。大唇片冠环线虫外叶冠小叶19个;口领内上缘在背腹面和侧面向内延伸形成4个大的唇形结构,每个唇片的基部中央伸出1个亚中乳突;雄虫生殖锥背唇上约分布着10个大小不等的圆锥形附属物;雌虫尾部稍弯向背侧。小唇片冠环线虫外叶冠小叶18个;口领内上缘在背腹面和侧面向内延伸形成4个小的唇形结构,每个唇片的基部中央伸出1个亚中乳突;雄虫生殖锥背唇上有1个两端呈卵圆的月牙形附属物;雌虫尾部直。     

黄山杜鹃上的两个散斑壳属新种

本文报道生于黄山杜鹃 [Rhododendron maculif erum Franch.ssp.anhweiense( Wils.) Chamb.]上的散斑壳属 ( Lophodermium Chev.)二新种 :厚唇散斑壳 ( L.pachychilum Y.R.Lin & Z.S.Xu sp.nov.)和红褐散斑壳 ( L.ruf um Y.R.Lin & K.Lisp.nov.)。提供了新种的拉丁文简介、汉文描述和形态特征图。模式标本存放在安徽农业大学森林保护教研室 ( AAUFP)。     

缺突叶蝉属一新种记述(半翅目:叶蝉科:叶蝉亚科)

记述缺突叶蝉属Trocnadella 1新种,片马缺突叶蝉Trocnadella pianmaensis sp.nov. 本新种与Trocnadella arisana Matsumura相似,不同点:新种雄虫阳茎不分叉,性孔位于端部1/3处,阳茎两侧大片脊伸达端部1/6处,尾节侧瓣宽.雌虫第7腹板后缘"V"深凹入.正模,♂,云南片马,2000-Ⅷ-17,杨茂发采.副模:1♂1♀,云南兰坪,2000-Ⅷ-13,李子忠采.模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所.     

中国尖盲蜈蚣属一新种和一新记录种(唇足纲:蜈蚣目:尖盲蜈蚣科)

记述了中国唇足纲Chilopoda，尖盲蜈蚣科Scolopocrytopidae，尖盲蜈蚣属Scolopocryptops的3种：黑斑尖盲蜈蚣，新种S.nigrimaculatus.sp.now；刺尾尖盲蜈蚣S.spinicaudus Wood，1862，中国新记录；以及对锈尖盲蜈蚣S.rubiginosus L.Koch，1878的再描述。     

花(鱼骨)(♀)×唇(鱼骨)(♂)杂交F1养殖技术

在花(鱼骨)(♀)×唇(鱼骨)(♂)杂交试验的基础上,总结了杂交F1的养殖技术,包括环境选择、夏花鱼种培育、冬片鱼种培育、成鱼养殖等内容,以供养殖户参考.     

云南脉翅目三十新种四新属描述及旌蛉科的中国新记录(续前)

七、蚁蛉科 Myrmeleontidae16.中华长须蚁蛉 Palpares sinicus,新种(图16)雌蛉(干制)体长50毫米,前翅长67、后翅长65毫米,翅展约135毫米的巨型种。头小,头顶橙黄色,沿颅中沟有3对黑斑,前面的一对在两侧又各有一横斑;额唇基黄褐色光亮,     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2

The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。