亚洲谷精草属植物研究(III)

该文对亚洲分布的E .barbeyanum ,E .dipsacoides,E .cristatum ,E .echinulatum ,E .hamiltonianum ,E .henryanum ,E .hookerianum ,E .kradungense,E .nautiliforme ,E .nigrum和E .thwaitesii等谷精草属 (EriocaulonL .) 11个种的分类问题进行了详细的研究 .补充并纠正了E .nigrumLec .和E .halmitoniamumMartius的形态描写 .公开发表新种E .pseudotruncatum和新变种E .truncatumHam .exMartiusvar.florensense.E .seticuspeOhwi,E .echinulatumMartiusvar.seticuspeOhwi,E .echinulatumMartiusvar.tenueSatake ,E .robinsoniiMoldenke和E .poilaneiMoldenke 5个种 (变种 )处理为同物异名     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(III)

该文对亚洲分布的E.barbeyanum,E.dipsacoides,E.cristatum,E.echinulatum,E.hamiltonianum,E.henryanum,E.hookerianum,E.kradungense,E.nautiliforme,E.nigrum和E.thwaitesii等谷精草属(Eriocaulon L.)11个种的分类问题进行了详细的研究.补充并纠正了E.nigrum Lec.和E.halmitoniamum Martius的形态描写.公开发表新种E.pseudotruncatum和新变种E.truncatum Ham.ex Martius var.florensense.E.seticuspe Ohwi,E.echinulatum Martius var.seticuspe Ohwi,E.echinulatum Martius var.tenue Satake,E.robinsonii Moldenke和E.poilanei Moldenke 5个种(变种)处理为同物异名.     

安徽省薹草属(Carex Linn.)植物增补

报道采自安徽的薹草属3个新种、2个亚种和1个变种以及薹草属1个新组.即牯牛薹草Carex guniuensis S.W.Su,琅琊薹草Carex langyaensis S.W.Su,X.M.Fang,et al,缘喙薹草Carex rhynchophora Franch.var.margineorostris S.W.Su,大通薹草Carex datongensis S.W.Su,华阳薹草Carex truncatigluma C.B.Clarke subsp.huayangensis S.W.Su,长穗刻鳞薹草Carex incisa Boott subsp.longissima S.W.Su;1个新组:隐匿薹草组Sect.Infos-sae S.W.Su.Sect.nov.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(Ⅰ)

讨论谷精草属 (Eriocaulon L.) 世界性及亚洲分布的E. setaceum, E. australe, E. exangulare, E.willdenovianum, E. decemflorum, E.wightianum, E.cinereum, E. alpestre 8个种的分类问题. 补充纠正了E. alpestre Koern. 的形态描写.10个种(变种)处理为同物异名.     

Analysis of the Genetic Relationships in Chinese Ziziphus with SRAP Markers

The phylogenic and genetic relationships in germplasm resources of Chinese Ziziphus were studied at molecular levels, for providing new molecular evidences of classification, protection, and utilization of germplasm resources of Ziziphus. The sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） was assessed to analyse the genetic relationships among 14 species of Ziziphus, 11 cultivars of Z. jujuba Mill., and one outgroup. A total of 580 DNA bands were amplified by 19 selective primers, 570 of which （98.28%） were polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic DNA bands amplified by each primer was 30. The genetic similarities of 26 sample materials were between 0.22 and 0.99. UPGMA method cluster analysis showed that 26 sample materials were classified into six cluster groups with the genetic similarity of 0.28. The results showed that SRAP technique is efficient in studying genetic relationships among Ziziphus, Z. jujuba Mill. and Z. acidojujuba C. Y. Cheng et M. J. Liu which should be treated as one species, and further infraspecific classification of Z. jujuba Mill. should be classified into two subspecies; the scientific names of new taxa, Chinese jujube, and wild jujube were Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp, jujuba and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp, spinosa （Bunge） J. Y. Peng, X. Y. Li et L. Li, respectively. Z. xiangchengensis Y. L.Chen et P. K. Chou, Z. montana W.W. Smith and Z. mairei Dode might be originated from same ancestry. Z xiangchengensis Y. L. Chen et P. K. Chou and Z. montana W.W. Smith should be treated as one species. The infrasubspecific taxon of Z. jujuba Mill. was not suitable to set up varieties.     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(I)

讨论谷精草属 (EriocaulonL .)世界性及亚洲分布的E .setaceum ,E .australe,E .exangulare,E .willde novianum ,E .decemflorum ,E .wightianum ,E .cinereum ,E .alpestre 8个种的分类问题 .补充纠正了E .alpestreKoern .的形态描写 .10个种 (变种 )处理为同物异名 .     

十大健康食品

1.番茄.能大幅减少罹患前列腺癌等癌症的几率,熟食、生食均宜,是最佳的维生素C来源之一. 2.菠菜.富含铁,有助于防治血管疾病,预防盲眼症. 1杯菠菜汁只含171焦热量,爱美的女士可以放心食用. 3.坚果.可增加好的胆固醇,是预防心脏病的最佳食物之一. 不论是花生或杏仁果,都是良好的选择. 注意不要过度食用.     

棉花抗旱播种法

1.抢墒播种法.在小雨过后.趁土壤潮湿催芽播种. 2.起湿抗旱播种法.小雨后,未接通底墒.先将地上的湿土刮在一边,按抗种法的规格挖坑.把湿土和底肥拌匀,倒入坑内填平.再把坑内挖出的干土盖在上面,封严拍实.播种时.扒去干土即可播种.     

不同盐度条件下氨氮和亚硝酸盐对墨吉明对虾的急性毒性试验

为了评估不同盐度条件下氨氮和亚硝酸盐对墨吉明对虾(Fenneropenaeus merguiensis)的急性毒性,采用半静水生物毒性法进行试验,并计算氨氮和亚硝酸盐的半致死浓度(LC50)和安全浓度(SC)。结果显示,盐度为3. 0%、2. 5%、2. 0%、1. 5%、1. 0%和0. 5%时,氨氮对墨吉明对虾96 h LC50为29. 72、29. 83、23. 48、14. 57、11. 92、8. 49 mg/L,SC为2. 97、2. 98、2. 35、1. 46、1. 19、0. 85 mg/L;盐度为3. 0%、2. 5%、2. 0%、1. 5%、1. 0%、0. 5%时,亚硝酸盐对墨吉明对虾96 h LC50为11. 24、20. 11、8. 60、6. 24、2. 91、1. 05 mg/L,SC为1. 12、2. 01、0. 86、0. 62、0. 29、0. 11 mg/L。结果表明,盐度为2. 5%时,氨氮和亚硝酸盐的SC最高,盐度过高或过低,其SC都会降低。在相同盐度条件下,氨氮和亚硝酸盐对墨吉明对虾的毒性随着浓度的升高而增加;在相同氨氮和亚硝酸盐浓度条件下,暴露的时间越长,对墨吉明对虾的毒性也越强。     

Expression,Characterization and Antimicrobial Ability of a Variant T4 Lysozyme in Pichia pastoris

T4 lysozyme was engineered with disulfide bonds and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The secreted proteins were purified and made into powder by lyophiliza-tion. Recombinant protein purity was more than 70% measured by HPLC. The lytic activity of variant T4-lysozyme was measured by the lysis of the cel wal of Xan-thomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, Ralstonia solanacearum comb. nov, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, X. campestris pv. mal-vacearum, Fusarium oxysporium sp. vasinfectum, Verticil ium dahliae kleb. Inhibition zone assay showed that variant T4 lysozyme significantly inhibited X. o. oryzicola and X. c. malvacearum. The antifungal activities of this protein against F. o. vasin-fectum and V. d. kleb were also analyzed.     

Identification and Analysis of Genetic Diversity Structure Within Pisum Genus Based on Microsatellite Markers

To assesse the genetic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions of 8 taxonomic groups in 2 species, and 5 subspecies under Pisum genus, and to analyze population structure and their genetic relationships among various groups of taxonomy, the study tried to verify the fitness of traditionally botanical taxonomic system under Pisum genus and to provide essential information for the exploration and utilization of wild relatives of pea genetic resources. 197 Pisum accessions from 62 counties of 5 continents were employed for SSR analysis using 21 polymorphic primer pairs in this study. Except for cultivated field pea Pisum sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum （94 genotypes）, also included were wild relative genotypes that were classified as belonging to P. fulvum, P. sativum ssp.abyssinicum, P. sativum ssp. asiaticum, P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio and P. sativum ssp. sativum var. arvense （103 genotypes）. The PCA analyses and 3-dimension PCA graphs were conducted and drawn by NTSYSpc 2.2d statistical package. Nei78 genetic distances among groups of genetic resources were calculated, and cluster analysis using UPGMA method was carried out by using Popgene V1.32 statistical package, the dendrogram was drawn by MEGA3.1 statistical package. Allelic statistics were carried out by Popgene V1.32. The significance test between groups of genotypes was carried out by Fstat V2.9.3.2 statistical package. 104 polymorphic bands were amplified using 21 SSR primer pairs with unambiguous unique polymorphic bands. 4.95 alleles were detected by each SSR primer pair in average, of which 65.56% were effective alleles for diversity. PSAD270, PSAC58, PSAA18, PSAC75, PSAA175 and PSAB72 were the most effective SSR pairs. SSR alleles were uniformly distributed among botanical taxon units under Pisum genus, but significant difference appeared in most pairwise comparisons for genetic diversity between taxon unit based groups of genetic resources. Genetic diversity level of wild species P. fulvum was much lower than the cultivated species P. sativum. Under species P. sativum, P. sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum and P. sativum ssp. asiaticum were the highest in gentic diversity, followed by P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius and P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio, P. sativum ssp. sativum vat. arvense and P. sativum ssp. abyssinicum were the lowest. Four gene pool clusters were detected under Pisum genus by using PCA analysis. Gene pool ＂fulvum＂ mainly consisted of wild species Pisum fulvum, gene pool ＂abyssinicum＂ mainly consisted of P. sativum ssp. abyssinicum, and gene pool ＂arvense＂ mainly consisted of P. sativum ssp. sativum var. arvense. While gene pool ＂sativum＂ were composed by 5 botanical taxon units, they are P. sativum ssp. asiaticum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. elatius, P. sativum ssp. transcaucasicum, P. sativum ssp. elatius var. pumilio and P. sativum ssp. sativum var. sativum. ＂sativum＂ gene pool constructed the primary gene pool of cultivated genetic resources; ＂fulvum＂ gene pool, ＂abyssinicum＂ gene pool and ＂arvense＂ gene pool together constructed the secondary gene pool of cultivated genetic resources. Pairwise Nei78 genetic distance among botanical taxon based groups of pea genetic resources ranged from 7.531 to 35.956, 3 large cluster groups were identified based on the UPGMA dendrogram. Group Ⅰ equals to ＂sativum＂ and ＂arvense＂ gene pools, Group Ⅱ equals to ＂abyssinicum＂ gene pool, and Group Ⅲ equals to ＂fulvum＂ gene pool. The UPGMA clustering results generally supporting the PCA clusting results. There were significant differences among most botanical groups under Pisum genus, with clear separation of four gene pools for genetic diversity structure. The research results partially support the traditional botanical taxonomy under Pisum genus, and pointed out its advantage and shortcoming. In order to broaden the genetic bases of pea varieties, the genetic potentials in the four gene pools should be thoroughly exploited.     

桉树伞房属4个种在广东清新的早期生长表现

分析了引自澳大利亚东部的桉树伞房属4个种在广东省清新试验点5年生时的生长表现.方差分析表明,树种间、种源间、家系间在树高、胸径、材积生长量上均存在极显著的差异.表现最好的是大叶斑皮桉Corymbia henryi (S.T. Blake) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson,其次是斑皮柠檬桉C. variegata (F. Muell.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson、柠檬桉C. citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson和斑皮桉C. maculata (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson.4个树种的平均树高为8.04 m,平均胸径为7.28 cm,平均单株材积为0.021 9 m3.其中斑皮柠檬桉10248种源44号家系的生长量最大,其平均树高为10.35 m,平均胸径为9.70 cm,平均单株材积为0.040 00 m3.初步选出20个家系,占家系总数的21.98%.     

油菜叶色异常的原因及补救措施

1.红叶①干旱红叶.油菜苗期干旱,生长缓慢,植株矮小,叶色变为淡红色.对干旱引起的红叶油菜要及时浇水抗旱.②渍害红叶.油菜苗期雨水过多,会造成渍水伤根僵苗,叶色暗红.在管理上应开深沟,降低地下水位,排除渍水.③虫害红叶.油菜苗期蚜虫危害严重时,叶片萎缩发僵变红.对此,应加强对蚜虫的防治.④冻害红叶.油菜冬季遇到气温骤然下降到0℃以下时,叶片会受冻发红.对此,可结合中耕,每667平方米撤施草木灰100公斤左右,以减轻冻害.     

蓝果忍冬种间遗传多样性及亲缘关系的RAPD研究

用27个随机引物,对蓝果忍冬(Lonicera L.subsect.Caeruleae L.)8个种的28份材料进行了RAPD分析,共检测出283个位点,平均每个引物检测出10.48个位点,其中存在多态位点217个,多态位点比率76.68%.说明蓝果亚组种间遗传多样性比较丰富.RAPD研究结果可以将蓝果忍冬进行2个等级的划分.第一等级划分将8个种分成二倍体和四倍体2个类群:第一类群为二倍体的2个种L.edulis和L.boczkarnikowii,第二类群为四倍体的6个亚种L.subsp.kamtschatica,L.subsp.pallasii,L.subsp.emphyllocalyx,L.subsp.venulosa,L.subsp.altaicea和L.subsp.stenantha.第一等级的划分突出了蓝靛果忍冬二倍体和四倍体两大类群间的遗传差异,揭示了蓝果亚组的种间存在十分可观的遗传分化.第二等级划分将8个种类的28份材料划分为6个类群,其中有4个类群为独立组,对应的种为L.kamtschatica,L.emphyllocatyx,L.turczaninowii,L.stenantha;2个类群为复合组,第1个复合组为L.pallasiii和L.altaica.第2个复合组为L.edulis和L.boczkarnikowii 2个种.     

抗衰老药膳10款

1.茯苓粳米粥.茯苓15克、粳米100克、红枣10枚、冰糖适量.诸料放入锅内,加水适量,煮熟食用.适用于睡眠不安为主要表现的早衰者. 2.首乌黑豆炖肉汤.何首乌100克、黑豆100克、牛肉适量,放入瓦煲,加入红枣数枚,生姜数片,以文火煲2小时后放入调料服食. 3.猪腰枸杞汤.猪腰(猪肾)1对、枸杞子30克.猪腰洗净切块,与枸杞子加水炖汤,加少许食盐调味后服食.该方适合肾阴虚者延缓衰老.     

3～4月份适宜栽植的花卉品种

杜衡别名马辛、马蹄香等.马兜铃科,细辛属,原产我国,分布于浙江、江苏、湖南等地.多年生草本,株高12～20cm.根状茎节间短、斜生,下端有多数肉质须根,有特别的辛香气.花贴地面,项生.花期3～4月.喜温暖气候,常生于阴湿林下,山沟阴湿处和草丛中.宜疏松的腐叶土,怕寒冷和干燥.常用播种和分株繁殖.盆栽,盆底应多垫瓦片,以利排水,促进肉质根发育.杜衡为较好的室内观叶植物.宜盆栽,也可配置阴湿的岩石园.全草可入药.     

雪菜罐头巧加工

雪菜属十字花科芸苔属芥菜种,是分蘖芥的一个变种.雪菜的别名有雪里蕻、九头芥、烧菜、排菜. 1.选料、预处理.①选料.选用色泽透明、黄亮,味清香,组织脆嫩,叶少茎多且茎较细小的雪菜.②切叶.切去黄叶和顶部发黑的叶片.③洗涤.用流动水逐株淘洗,但不宜浸于水中太长时间.充分洗去泥沙杂质,挤干水分.     

鸡舍铺垫保健砂好处多

一、鸡舍铺垫保健砂的好处 1.供砂浴.鸡喜砂浴,通过砂浴既可保持鸡体清洁,又可促进鸡体健壮.砂浴的砂子以细砂为好. 2.助消化.场舍铺垫砂料后,鸡可充分啄食砂粒,促进胃内食物消化. 3.防疫病.鸡舍和活动场所铺垫砂粒后,能保持干燥和空气新鲜.鸡砂浴有助于杀死体外寄生虫. 4.助散热.鸡舍铺垫砂粒后,鸡可以通过皮肤与砂粒接触而散失鸡体余热,防止中暑.     

Bayesian inference towards the resolution of molecular evolution:application to the "Trichoderma harzianum sensu lato" clade

The Hypocrea lixii/Trichoderma harzianum species aggregate contains a group of taxa (H. lixii /T. harzianum, T. aggressivum, T. tomentosum, T. cerinum, T. velutinum, H. tawa) of which some (e.g. T. harzianum) are important for biocontrol of plant pathogenic fungi in agriculture, whereas others are aggressive pathogens of Agaricus spp. and Pleurotus spp. in mushroom farms (T. aggressivum), or opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised mammals including humans (T. harzianum). We ch…     

砂仁历史行情

春砂仁,姜科草本植物阳春砂Amonum vilqsum Louv.或海南砂A.longiligulareT.L.Wu或缩砂A.xanthioides Wall.的成熟果实.植株为多年生常绿草本植物,种植于深山湿润的地方,宜有阔叶林荫蔽,需轻微散射阳光照射.果实立秋季节成熟,即可收获.生长周期为下种3年开始挂果,第5年丰产,以后逐渐老化.主要分布栽培于中国广东、云南等地方,但以广东阳春砂仁质量为最佳.