共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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基因沉默或RNA干扰(RNA interferance,RNAi)是双链RNA诱导的序列特异性基因沉默,是转录后水平上对基因的表达进行负调控。随着植物与根结线虫相互关系的研究的深入以及基因工程技术的发展,揭示了基因工程方法防治线虫危害的新途径。最近研究表明,dsRNA基因在植物体内表达,线虫取食这种转基因植物后线虫致病力下降并使植物有效抵抗多种根结线虫。这种转基因植物具有有效低抗线虫危害特性,而且其抗性是广谱的。该文对RNAi的研究历史、植物根结线虫抗性基因以及RNAi技术防治根结线虫的新途径等方面的研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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siRNA对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)复制的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
RNA干涉(RNAi)可以通过短双链RNA(siRNA)介导,特异地降解相应的mRNA,从而抑制基因表达,导致转录后水平的基因沉默(PTGS)。本研究利用这种技术,将鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)感染体外培养的Vero-E6,使其适应Vero-E6,然后用体外转录合成的针对IBV部分基因的siRNA,对其复制进行RNAi。结果显示,针对IBVM蛋白的siRNA能有效地抑制IBV在Vero-E6细胞中的复制。 相似文献
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植物转基因沉默可以发生在染色体DNA、转录和转录后3种不同的层次上,转录水平基因沉默机制涉及DNA甲基化、位置效应、重复序列和同源序列等的作用,转录后水平基因沉默机制常用RNA阈值模型、异常RNA模型、双链RNA模型和未成熟翻译终止模型等解释。使用去甲基化、控制外源基因的拷贝数及结合位点、利用MAR序列、优化使用增强子、启动子等手段可以解除部分转基因沉默。 相似文献
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RNA干涉原理及其应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
RNA干涉是指外源dsRNA引发生物体内的基因的同源序列降解,从而表现出的基因转录后的沉默现象,它与植物中的共抑制和真菌中的基因压制可能具有相同的作用机制。在这一过程中,需要eIF2c类似蛋白因子、RNA螺旋酶、RNA依赖性RNA多聚酶、核糖核酸酶、ATP和转膜蛋白参与。RNA干涉可以用于功能基因组学研究,也可用于克服转基因生物的基因沉默现象,使外源基因在遗传改良生物中能更好地表达,还用于基因治疗,抑制有害基因的表达等。 相似文献
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RNA interference (RNAi) spreads systemically in plants and nematodes to silence gene expression distant from the site of initiation. We previously identified a gene, sid-1, essential for systemic but not cell-autonomous RNAi in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we demonstrate that SID-1 is a multispan transmembrane protein that sensitizes Drosophila cells to soaking RNAi with a potency that is dependent on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) length. Further analyses revealed that SID-1 enables passive cellular uptake of dsRNA. These data indicate that systemic RNAi in C. elegans involves SID-1-mediated intercellular transport of dsRNA. 相似文献
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[目的]构建莱茵衣藻2A38的MAPK4基因的RNAi载体。[方法]提取莱茵衣藻细胞总RNA,利用PCR扩增出编码MAPK4的基因片段,用基因工程技术将MAPK4基因片段连接载体p MD18-T上,经过2次不同的双酶切后,与RNAi中间载体p T282连接,最后连接到干涉载体p Maa7IR/XIR上,用酶切及测序鉴定MAPK4基因RNAi载体并转化莱茵衣藻。[结果]经限制性内切酶酶切及测序鉴定,证实为重组质粒,并且该重组载体可在莱茵衣藻中表达。[结论]构建的MAPK4基因RNAi载体结构正确,为进一步利用RNAi技术使MAPK4基因沉默表达,研究MAPK4在莱茵衣藻中的生物学功能奠定了试验基础。 相似文献
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The expression of short hairpin RNAs in several organisms silences gene expression by targeted mRNA degradation. This RNA interference (RNAi) pathway can also affect the genome, as DNA methylation arises at loci homologous to the target RNA in plants. We demonstrate in fission yeast that expression of a synthetic hairpin RNA is sufficient to silence the homologous locus in trans and causes the assembly of a patch of silent Swi6 chromatin with cohesin. This requires components of the RNAi machinery and Clr4 histone methyltransferase for small interfering RNA generation. A similar process represses several meiotic genes through nearby retrotransposon long terminal repeats (LTRs). These analyses directly implicate interspersed LTRs in regulating gene expression during cellular differentiation. 相似文献
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分别构建RNAi(RNA interference,RNAi)载体干扰家蚕细胞BmN中Argonaute1(Ago1)和Argonaute2(Ago2)基因的表达。首先利用PFBDM和pBac[A3-EGFPafm]载体构建Ago1和Ago2基因的RNA干涉载体,通过转染家蚕细胞发现,Ago1和Ago2基因表达明显下降。并观察细胞形态发现,转染RNAi载体96h后,家蚕BmN细胞逐渐失去正常的梭形状态,体积变大,形态变圆。该研究为进一步研究家蚕中small RNA的产生及作用机制提供了较好的基础。 相似文献
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用RNA干扰技术研究了Whirly转录因子对水稻非寄主抗性反应HR的调控作用。PCR扩增编码Whirly转录因子的Oswhirly基因片段,分别以正向、反向顺序连接到载体pTCK303的两个多克隆位点中,构建Oswhirly基因沉默的RNA干扰载体pTCK303-Oswhy,经农杆菌EHA105菌株转化水稻细胞,结果发现转基因水稻细胞受非寄主菌诱导后,HR反应明显,细胞死亡率显著高于野生型及空载体转化水稻细胞。Oswhirly基因沉默导致HR反应增强,初步揭示Whirly转录因子可能是调控水稻HR反应的负调控因子。 相似文献
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Ghildiyal M Seitz H Horwich MD Li C Du T Lee S Xu J Kittler EL Zapp ML Weng Z Zamore PD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5879):1077-1081
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct RNA interference (RNAi) in eukaryotes. In flies, somatic cells produce siRNAs from exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a defense against viral infection. We identified endogenous siRNAs (endo-siRNAs), 21 nucleotides in length, that correspond to transposons and heterochromatic sequences in the somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. We also detected endo-siRNAs complementary to messenger RNAs (mRNAs); these siRNAs disproportionately mapped to the complementary regions of overlapping mRNAs predicted to form double-stranded RNA in vivo. Normal accumulation of somatic endo-siRNAs requires the siRNA-generating ribonuclease Dicer-2 and the RNAi effector protein Argonaute2 (Ago2). We propose that endo-siRNAs generated by the fly RNAi pathway silence selfish genetic elements in the soma, much as Piwi-interacting RNAs do in the germ line. 相似文献
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WANG Ming-zhi TIAN Wen-ru TIAN Zhong-jie QU Ping-ping GAO Shan-song ZHANG Zhi-hong ZHANG Qi-yao HOU Chun-xia LI Hui-hui 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2009,8(2):223-230
The method of RNAi was used to inhibit the expression of induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp72) in the 4-cell stage mouse embryos and the embryo development competence was analyzed to identify the functions of Hsp72 on embryonic heat resistance. The results indicated that the inhibition rates of siRNA1 for Hsp72 mRNA and Hsp72 protein were 87.1 and 78.5%, respectively. The blastocysts development rates were 41, 86, and 84% for the siRNA1 group, the LipofectamineTM 2 000 exposed group, and the 37℃ group, respectively, and the hatched blastocysts development rates for the above three groups were 35, 72, and 68%, respectively. The data suggest that the siRNAI has a significant inhibiting effect on Hsp72 gene, and Hsp72 gene silence reduces the blastocysts development rate and hatched blastocysts rate after heat shock during the development of mouse preimplantation embryos. 相似文献