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1.
The aims of the study were to determine the distribution of inhibin and its α subunit in some rat tissues by an immunohistochemical method of streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC) and to assess the transport mechanism of inhibin by investigating the localization of inhibin and α subunits in the central nervous system (mainly in hypothalamus and pituitary) of ovariectomized rats. Investigations on the extragonadal tissues of ovariectomized rats showed positive expression of inhibin and its α subunit in heart, kidney, spleen, pancreatic gland cells, but no positive reaction sites were seen in lung, liver, submaxillary gland, and adrenal gland. After injection with inhibin α subunit fragment or inhibin extract, positive reaction sites were observed in hypothalamus and pituitary of ovariectomized rats by SABC. Inhibin and its subunit was present in a wide variety of nonreproductive organs and tissues, and its expression was tissue specific, which indicated that inhibin might play a role in regulating tissue function through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. Inhibin dimer and α subunit could be transported through the BBB by the method of “separation and reconstruction”.  相似文献   

2.
Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), an important hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis(HPG) hormone, is secreted by the pituitary gland. This study confirms that FSH is expressed in chicken follicles at different stages, and positive FSHβ mRNA signals were stronger(P0.05) in granulosa cells than in oocytes. The 369 bp coding sequence of FSHβ in ovaries is 100% identical to that in the pituitary gland. The experiment in vitro revealed that the ovary possessed FSH secretory capacity. Further, FSHβ mRNA was significantly upregulated(P0.05) in follicles and significantly higher(P0.05) than that in the pituitary gland by approximately 2–23 times with the development. The number of granulosa cells decreased significantly(P0.05) in the cells with siRNA treatment, confirming that the ovarian FSH could promote granulosa cell proliferation. This view was supported by cell cycle analysis and CCND2 and CCNE2 expression. Further research indicated that no difference(P0.05) was observed between the number of granulosa cells treated with FSHβ siRNA and in exogenous FSH. However, the number of granulosa cells without FSHβ siRNA transfection was significantly higher(P0.05) for exogenous FSH. This finding suggests that the proliferative effect of exogenous FSH on ovarian granulosa cells depend on endogenous FSH. This study demonstrated that the FSH gene was expressed in chicken follicles and promoted ovarian granulosa cell proliferation, which enriched the theory on HPG axis.  相似文献   

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Aphelinus asychis is an important aphid endoparasitoid. Under field and greenhouse conditions, high temperature is one of the factors limiting the application of A. asychis for biological pest control. To explore the potential role of transient receptor potential(TRP) channels and heat shock proteins(HSPs) in this process, we identified 11 genes encoding TRP channels and nine genes encoding HSPs. Three proteins(AasyTRPA5, AasyPyrexia, AasyPainless) that belong to transient receptor potential ankyrin(TRPA) subfamily and nine HSPs are involved in the response to high temperature. We also investigated the survival of A. asychis and the response of the identified TRP channels and HSPs to high temperature. The results showed that the maximum temperature that allowed A. asychis survival was approximately 41℃; females had higher survival rates than that of the males at 40 and 41℃. Short-term heat-shock resulted in increased expression of Aasyshsp in males, and Aasyhsp40, Aasyhsp68, Aasyhsp70-4, Aasyhsp70-5 and Aasyhsp90 were upregulated and then downregulated, whereas Aasyhsp70-3 was upregulated at 41℃. Moreover, Aasyhsp40 and Aasyhsp90 showed higher expression levels in females, while Aasyshsp and Aasyhsp70-3 presented opposite expression patterns. At temperature above 35℃, expression of AasyPyrexia in females was significant higher than that in males, whereas AasyPainless and AasyTRPA5 presented higher expression in males at 40 and 41℃, respectively. Altogether, these results indicate that protection against thermal stress in A. asychis is coordinated by TRP channels and HSPs. These findings provide a basis for understanding the potential mechanism of A. asychis in response to high temperatures.  相似文献   

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To provide the useful information for the choice of molecular marker used in marker-assisted selection of drought tolerance, it is necessary to find out more candidate genes and fulfill the information gaps in gene expression regulation under drought stress. In this study, we isolated four differentially expressed cDNA fragments from leaves of a droughttolerant inbred line by suppression subtractive hybridization and reverse Northern hybridization, and validated their differential expression patterns among six inbred lines with different drought tolerance in response to drought stress by quantitative real-time PCR. Sequence similarity analysis indicated that two of four differentially expressed cDNA showed homology to gene DegP encoding trypsin-like serine protease, and gene PGAM-i encoding cofactor-independent phosphoglyceromutase, respectively. Expressions of the genes corresponding to four cDNA fragments was decreased at 6 h after drought stress treatment in most of the six inbred lines, and then returned to the control level with further stress in three of the tolerant inbred lines. The expression of the gene PGAM-i and the genes corresponding to fragments E4 and F4 were increased to a high level in tolerant inbred line 81565. In the two drought-sensitive inbred lines (Dan340 and ES40), the expression of these genes was still down-regulated. The probable mechanisms of these genes in response to drought stress were discussed. These results indicated that the drought-tolerant inbred lines upregulated the expression of the drought-tolerant candidate genes, in contrast, drought-sensitive inbred lines downregulated the expression of the genes.  相似文献   

9.
The effects of FSH on the proliferation of sertoli cells of new born calves were studied in order to provide some data for theoretical research and practical use of spermatogenesis in vitro. Different concentrations of FSH(0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 IU · mL~(-1)) were taken to treat bovine sertoli cells in vitro culture, the number of sertoli cells and the expression of seven genes were determined at 6, 12 and 24 h after FSH treatments. FSH could significantly promote the proliferation of in vitro cultured sertoli cells. FSH had no significant effects on the expression of CDC25A and could significantly improve the expression of CDC25B. 0.04 IU · mL~(-1) and 0.08 IU · mL~(-1) FSH treatments decreased the expression of CDC25C at 12 h. 0.08 IU · mL~(-1) FSH treatment decreased the expression of CDC25C at 24 h. 0.04 IU · mL~(-1) FSH could significantly decrease the expression of GSK-3β and improve the expression of β-catenin at 6, 12 and 24 h. 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 IU · mL~(-1) FSH treatments enhanced the expressions of CYCLIND1 and C-MYC. In conclusion, FSH promoted the proliferation of sertoli cells and 0.04 IU · mL~(-1) FSH concentration could significantly promote the proliferation of in vitro cultured sertoli cells. FSH promoted the proliferation of sertoli cells by CDC25B and WNT/β-catenin and CDC25B might be the key regulator to the proliferating rate of sertoli cells of bovine calf.  相似文献   

10.
Eight ewes of Hu sheep which bred multi-lamb were used as the high-fecundity group and the other eight ewes of Hu sheep which bred single lamb were used as the control group to investigate the relationship between the mRNA expression level of TGF-β receptor genes in tissues and ovulation rate in Hu sheep. Cloprostenol sodium was injected to make the synchronization of estrus treatment, then all ewes were slaughtered within 24-36 h after empathema and the ovaries were collected. Furthermore, the number of ovulation points was counted to determine ovulation rate for each sheep. Tissue expression analysis was conducted by RT-PCR for one ewe form the high-fecundity group and the relationship between the mRNA expression of genes encoding TGF-β receptors and ovulation rate was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The results showed that the relative expression level of TGF-flR I gene in the reproductive organ was significantly higher than in the lung and muscle (P 〈 0.01), while relative expression level of TGF-βR H in reproductive organ was significantly higher than that of other tissues (P 〈 0.01), indicating that these are highly expressed genes in the ovary. In addition, mRNA expression level of TGF-βR I and TGF-flRH in the ovaries of the high-fecundity group were significantly higher (P〈 0.01) and obviously higher (P= 0.011) than the control group, respectively. The mRNA expression level of TGF-βR I and TGF-βR H had a positive correlation with ovulation rate and the correlation coefficients were 0.562 (P〉 0.05) and 0.711 (P〈 0.05), respectively. It is suggested that TGF-β receptors have close relationship with highfecundity in Hu sheep.  相似文献   

11.
为探究侧脑室注射Nesfatin-1对雌性大鼠促性腺激素水平及其mRNA表达的影响,对初情期前雌性大鼠的侧脑室注射Nesfatin-1,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测促黄体素(Luteinizing hormone,LH)和促卵泡素(Folliclestimulating hormone,FSH)mRNA在垂体中的变化,采用酶联免疫分析法检测血清LH和FSH的浓度。结果表明:在初情期前的雌性大鼠中,Nesfatin-1可促进初情期启动、增加卵巢重量、血清LH水平、垂体LH mRNA和FSH mRNA的表达增加(P0.05);但Nesfatin-1对FSH水平的影响不突出,注射后15min时增加(P0.05),60min不产生影响(P0.05)。侧脑室注射Nesfatin-1后15和60min均能提高血清LH水平,15min时提高更明显(P0.05),但对FSH水平的影响不尽相同。在成年的雌性大鼠中,Nesfatin-1对LH和FSH的分泌不产生影响(P0.05)。Nesfatin-1可通过下丘脑诱导和增强初情期过渡阶段雌性大鼠LH和FSH的释放及LH、FSH mRNA的表达。  相似文献   

12.
研究Ghrelin对奶山羊下丘脑神经肽Y(NPY)和刺鼠相关蛋白(AGRP)mRNA表达的影响。10只泌乳期莎能奶山羊随机分为试验组和对照组,每组5只。试验组静脉注射Ghrelin(3.0μg/kg),3h后宰杀,迅速取下丘脑,检测下丘脑脑神经肽Y和刺鼠相关蛋白mRNA的表达。结果表明,一定剂量的Ghrelin对NPY mRNA的表达具极显著上调作用(P0.01);对AGRP mRNA的表达也有显著促进作用(P0.01)。以上结果提示Ghrelin可能通过对这些神经肽的作用参与对奶山羊摄食和能量代谢等生理活动的调节。  相似文献   

13.
Kiss-1基因在猪初情期下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中的定位研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]为阐明猪的生殖机理和选育早熟品种奠定基础。[方法]采用免疫组化技术研究Kiss-1 mRNA在初生以及30、60、70(初情期)和90日龄小梅山猪的下丘脑、卵巢和垂体内的定位,并利用放射免疫分析(RIA)方法观察母猪血浆LH、FSH含量的变化。[结果]Kiss-1 mRNA在小梅山猪下丘脑、卵巢、垂体中均有表达,以下丘脑弓状核阳性颗粒最多,尤其初情期时最为明显。各级卵泡中以初情期成熟卵泡的阳性颗粒数目最多。Kis-s1 mRNA表达量在小梅山猪下丘脑、垂体和卵巢从初生到初情期逐渐上升,并在初情期达到顶峰,而后逐渐下降。小梅山猪血浆LH、FSH浓度初生时较高,随后迅速下降,60日龄又升高,70日龄达到峰值。[结论]Kiss-1基因是控制猪初情期启动的关键因子  相似文献   

14.
为了掌握促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)及其受体在不同品种公牛睾丸中的变化规律,采用免疫组化SP染色法分别对广西沼泽型水牛、摩拉杂交水牛、荷斯坦奶牛、广西本地黄牛睾丸中GnRH的分布表达进行对比研究。结果表明,不同品种公牛睾丸生精细胞和间质细胞中均有GnRH免疫阳性物质存在,经Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件统计发现,荷斯坦奶牛睾丸的GnRH阳性细胞个数最多、胞体最大,而广西本地黄牛睾丸的GnRH阳性细胞数量最少、胞体最小,说明GnRH在不同品种公牛睾丸的分布差异可能与生产性能有关,也提示GnRH在生殖调控中除能刺激垂体分泌FSH、LH外,可能直接与生殖器官发生作用,通过旁分泌、自分泌、神经分泌等多种方式调节蛋白类、多肽类激素的分泌及类固醇激素的产生,进而调节这些靶细胞和靶器官的功能活动。  相似文献   

15.
【目的】了解促性腺激释放激素(GnRH)在广西沼泽型水牛与摩拉杂交水牛卵巢中定位表达的异同点,为深入阐明GnRH调节卵巢功能的机制提供理论依据。【方法】采用免疫组化SP染色法对广西沼泽型水牛和摩拉杂交水牛卵巢中GnRH及其受体的分布表达进行对比研究。【结果】两种不同品种水牛卵巢中均存在大量的GnRH阳性细胞,且主要位于颗粒层细胞和黄体粒细胞的胞质内;通过比较显示,两种不同品种水牛卵巢GnRH阳性细胞个数差异极显著(P〈0.01),但GnRH阳性细胞大小及其平均光密度的差异均不显著(P〉0.05)。【结论】不同品种水牛卵巢的GnRH分布差异可能与繁殖性能有关,但主要分布于巢卵颗粒层细胞和黄体粒细胞的胞质内。  相似文献   

16.
为研究外源性神经激肽B(NKB)对雌性大鼠下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)和下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴(HPOA)GnRH和Kisspeptin表达的影响,将40只60d的Sprague-Dawley(SD)雌性大鼠随机分为试验组和对照组,侧脑室分别注射NKB溶液和等体积生理盐水,20min后处死采集样品。采用免疫荧光技术分析各组织的GnRH和Kisspeptin蛋白表达,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)分析GnRH和Kiss1mRNA的表达量变化。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组下丘脑GnRH mRNA显著增加(P0.05),Kiss1 mRNA表达量显著降低(P0.05);试验组下丘脑视前区(POA)中GnRH阳性细胞数量显著增加(P0.05),弓状核(ARC)和正中隆起(ME)中GnRH阳性细胞数量增加(P0.05),但下丘脑ARC,POA,室旁核(PVN)和前腹侧室旁核(AVPV)中Kisspeptin阳性细胞数显著减少(P0.05);且NKB抑制腺垂体中Kisspeptin的表达(P0.05),但不影响卵巢中Kisspeptin的表达。综上,NKB通过调节HPOA Kisspeptin和下丘脑GnRH的表达来调控雌性大鼠的生殖。  相似文献   

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二氢吡啶(Diludin)对产蛋鸡内分泌的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
1 024羽300日龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分4组,分别饲喂二氢吡啶(Diludin)添加量0,100,150,200 mg/kg的4种饲粮,于饲喂后第30日和第80日采血和屠宰,研究其对蛋鸡内分泌功能的影响。结果显 示:Diludin均显著地提高了腺垂体和血清中FSH,LH含量,其中垂体FSH和LH含量随饲喂剂量提高 而增加,血清FSH和LH含量以150 mg/kg组效果最佳;Diludin提高了血清T3含量,T4差异不显著, 30日T3随饲粮中Diludin递增而增加,80日150,200 mg/kg组与对照组差异显著;饲粮中添加Diludin 具有改进血清雌二醇(E2)水平,其中80 日 150,200 mg/kg组与对照组差异显著;150 mg/kg Diludin显 著提高血清中孕酮(P4)含量;饲粮中添Diludin显著提高下丘脑和腺垂体中cAMP含量。  相似文献   

18.
The presence of endothelin, a vasoconstrictor peptide, in the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary suggests that it also regulates neural and other nonvascular target cells. In pituitary gonadotrophs, low doses of endothelin evoked oscillations in the intracellular calcium concentration, and high doses induced a biphasic calcium response. Mobilization of intracellular calcium predominated during the spike phase of the calcium response to endothelin, whereas calcium entry through dihydropyridine-sensitive channels contributed to both the spike and plateau phases of the calcium response. Endothelin was a potent as hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in stimulation of gonadotropin release in perifused pituitary cells. Endothelin bound specifically to pituitary cells with a dissociation constant of 70 picomolar, and induced rapid formation of inositol trisphosphate and diacyglycerol. Although intracellular calcium concentration and gonadotropin secretory responses to endothelin were independent to the GnRH receptor, endothelin and GnRH appeared to have a common signal transduction mechanism. These observations suggest that endothelin can act as a neuropeptide to regulate anterior pituitary function.  相似文献   

19.
全氟烷酸类化合物(PFAAs)是一类新型的持久性有机污染物,该类化合物的环境和健康风险已经引起了人们的广泛关注。由于长链PFAAs的生殖毒性效应尚缺乏系统的研究,本文采用含全氟十二烷酸(PFDoA)0.1 mg/kg的饲料饲喂大鼠180 d,应用放射免疫分析法和实时荧光定量PCR方法检测了大鼠血清中生殖激素的水平以及卵巢中相关受体的表达。结果显示,PFDoA暴露导致血清雌二醇水平出现减少的趋势,PFDoA显著增加了血清促卵泡刺激素水平,但并不影响血清促黄体生成素水平;PFDoA处理导致卵巢雌激素受体α的mRNA水平降低了25%,卵巢促卵泡刺激素受体的表达增加了36%,但PFDoA并不影响卵巢中促黄体生成素受体的表达。以上结果暗示慢性PFDoA暴露有影响雌激素以及促卵泡刺激素的信号在卵巢中传导的趋势。  相似文献   

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[目的]探讨胰岛素对猪垂体前叶细胞无血清单层培养细胞分泌促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、生长激素(CH)的影响。[方法]24头140日龄、体重17 kg的母猪被分成高、中、低3个能量组,利用无血清单层培养垂体模型,并用放射免疫法测定细胞液促卵泡素、促黄体素和生长激素浓度。[结果]在不同能量水平上,胰岛素对单层无血清培养垂体细胞FSH、LH及GH释放能力的影响有显著差异(P<0.05),高能组较高,低能组较低。[结论]首次研究了在初情期前母猪体外培养垂体细胞中添加胰岛素对垂体细胞分泌激素的影响,证实代谢激素在初情期前母猪下丘脑-垂体-卵巢水平上调节生殖机能。  相似文献   

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