牡丹繁育栽培及催花技术

牡丹的繁殖可通过有性繁殖和无性繁殖,有性繁殖也称种子繁殖,无性繁殖有分株、嫁接、组织培养等。总结了牡丹繁育栽培技术,并介绍了牡丹催花技术,打破了传统的催花方法,使催花技术有了新的进展。     

牡丹繁育栽培及催花技术

牡丹的繁殖可通过有性繁殖和无性繁殖,有性繁殖也称种子繁殖,无性繁殖有分株、嫁接、组织培养等。总结了牡丹繁育栽培技术,并介绍了牡丹催花技术,打破了传统的催花方法,使催花技术有了新的进展。     

牡丹繁殖技术

介绍牡丹的分株、嫁接、播种3种繁殖技术,以为牡丹栽培提供参考。     

鹤望兰分株繁殖法

<正> 鹤望兰(Strelitzia reginac Banks)又名天堂鸟,是原产南非的旅人蕉科鹤望兰属多年生草本植物,为市场紧俏名贵切花。鹤望兰可用播种、分株、组织培养繁殖,但播种、组织培养繁殖法现尚难在生产应用。现将分株繁殖法介绍如下: (一)母株的选择 母株应选分蘖多、叶片整齐、无病虫害的健壮成年植株。用于整株挖起分株的母株一般选择生长3年以     

牡丹组织培养中不同因素对组培苗生根的影响

<正>组织培养技术是植物快速繁殖的最有效手段之一。牡丹作为我国传统名花及重要出口花卉,产业化生产成为其今后发展的主要方向。应用植物组织培养技术对牡丹进行快速繁殖是促进牡丹产业化生产的重要技术。虽然利用组织培养技术来规模化生产牡丹种苗在理论上是可行的,但目前还没有真正应用于生产。原因主要是:牡丹试管苗生根率低、生根质量不高、移栽难以成活等。因此,在牡丹组织     

银花的繁殖研究进展

对近10年银花的种子繁殖、扦插繁殖、压条繁殖、分株繁殖、嫁接繁殖、组织培养等繁殖技术方面的研究进展进行综述,为银花规范化育苗提供参考。     

木本植物的无性繁殖方法

无性生殖是木本植物繁殖必不可少的一种方法。本文介绍了扦插繁殖、分株繁殖、嫁接繁殖和组织培养等木本植物无性繁殖技术,分别阐述了其特点和方法,并总结了木本植物无性繁殖的重要性和发展趋势,以期为木本植物的无性繁殖提供参考。     

米邦塔食用仙人掌种苗繁殖技术研究

采用组织培养、切块、嫁接和扦插4种繁殖方法,繁育米邦塔食用仙人掌种苗。结果表明,组织培养、切块繁殖两种方法较其它方法繁殖系数高。但后代植株弱小,培育成标准种苗所需周期较长;嫁接繁殖抽生掌片数量及质量不佳;扦插繁殖简单易行。生产周期短。相对成本低,建议在生产上推广运用。     

葡萄不同生长阶段管理要点

<正>1苗木繁殖技术葡萄苗木的繁殖方法有两种:一种是无性繁殖即营养繁殖;另一种是有性繁殖即种子繁殖。营养繁殖是利用葡萄植株的一部分器官,主要是利用茎进行繁殖和培育苗木的方法。其优点是,新植株变异小,能保持母株的品种特性,并可在一年中多次繁殖。这种方法繁殖的植株成型早、生长快,进入结果期早,因此在生产中广泛应用。无性繁殖的方法有硬枝扦插、绿枝扦插、压条、嫁接和茎尖、茎段的组织培养等,其中应用较多的是硬枝     

牡丹常见繁殖方法及栽培技术

本文对牡丹常见繁殖方法进行了详细的论述,并对其中的分株、嫁接、种子繁殖、栽培等种植方式进行了阐述,并且对后期的病虫防护、生长习性进行讲解,以便提升种植后牡丹的成活率,促进我国牡丹种植工作效率和质量的提升。     

橡胶树热研8—79原生质体培养再生植株

【目的】优化橡胶树热研8-79原生质体分离和培养条件,建立橡胶树原生质体培养植株高效再生体系,为橡胶树体细胞杂交育种奠定基础。【方法】以橡胶树热研8-79花药愈伤组织建立的胚性细胞悬浮系为试验材料,设计不同酶组合、酶解时间和悬浮细胞继代时间进行原生质体分离,采用不同培养基、看护细胞浓度和接种密度进行原生质体培养,对原生质体分裂发育的小愈伤组织进行体细胞胚诱导及植株再生培养,统计原生质体的产量、分裂频率、体胚数及体胚萌发率。【结果】酶组合为纤维素酶1.50%＋果胶酶0.15%＋离析酶0.50%、酶解时间为12 h时,继代培养第5 d的胚性悬浮细胞达最高产量（3.6 ×107个/mL PCV）;用酶解细胞和看护细胞继代培养基分别作为原生质体液体培养基和看护培养基,比使用KPR培养基更有利于原生质体的分裂,当看护细胞浓度为5%、接种密度为5 ×105个/mL时原生质体的分裂频率最高,达54%。原生质体持续分裂形成肉眼可见的小愈伤组织增殖后经体胚发生途径发育成完整的小植株。【结论】通过优化橡胶树热研8-79胚性悬浮细胞原生质体分离的酶组合、酶解时间、继代培养时间及看护培养过程中培养基组成、看护细胞浓度和接种密度等影响因素,可以建立橡胶树原生质体培养植株高效再生体系。     

Grafting affects yield and phenolic prof ile of Solanum melongena L. landraces

The influence of grafting on agronomical and qualitative characteristics of four Sicilian eggplant landraces was investigated. Grafted and ungrafted plants were compared in the open field in the northern coast of Sicily. Solanum torvum seedlings were used as rootstock. Regardless of genotypes tested, grafting significantly increased total fruit production, marketable production, and number of marketable fruits, but did not affect weight of marketable fruits and waste production. Landrace 2(Sciacca), with black epidermal tissue and pyriform fruit shape, when grafted onto S. torvum not only gave a higher yield performance than ungrafted plants, but also showed a higher phenolic antioxidant content. Landrace 4(Sicilia), with black epidermal tissue and small cylindrical fruits also benefited, when grafted onto S. torvum, from a substantial increase in antioxidant fruit content. As consumers' demand for fruits and vegetables rich in compounds important for human health is steadily increasing, these landrace/rootstock combinations should deserve more attention by plant nurseries involved in grafted seedling production and interested in the valorization and conservation of eggplant biodiversity.     

大豆体细胞胚胎发生系统组织学研究(英文)

Soybean somatic cell could induce the development of embryoid which was similar to embryo morphologically and structurally. Somatic embryogenesis system of soybean was used to conduct genetic transformation of soybean because of its several advantages such as higher transformational efficiency,beetter synchronism and fewer plant chimeras among transgenic plants. After infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens,the initiation,differentiation and development of young cotyledon embryogenic cell of soybean which was cultured on selective culture medium with kanamycin were investigated through histological study. The result showed that somatic embryo was differentiated in non-bud differentiation way. The embryogenic cells were differentiated from epidermis of explant or cells in 1 layer or 2 layers,with the division of embryogenic cells and degradation and disorganization of surrounding cells,the embryogenic cells would form embryoid with analogous suspensor structure.Later,globular embryoid would extrude from epidermis then developed into heart-shape embryo.The experiment was expected to provide theoretical reference for the construction of high transformational system of using plant somatic embryogenesis induced by young cotyledon of soybean.     

Histological Study on Soybean Somatic Embryogenesis

Soybean somatic cell could induce the development of embryoid which was similar to embryo morphologically and structurally. Somatic embryogenesis system of soybean was used to conduct genetic transformation of soybean because of its several advantages such as higher transformational efficiency,beetter synchronism and fewer plant chimeras among transgenic plants. After infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens,the initiation,differentiation and development of young cotyledon embryogenic cell of soybean which was cultured on selective culture medium with kanamycin were investigated through histological study. The result showed that somatic embryo was differentiated in non-bud differentiation way. The embryogenic cells were differentiated from epidermis of explant or cells in 1 layer or 2 layers,with the division of embryogenic cells and degradation and disorganization of surrounding cells,the embryogenic cells would form embryoid with analogous suspensor structure.Later,globular embryoid would extrude from epidermis then developed into heart-shape embryo.The experiment was expected to provide theoretical reference for the construction of high transformational system of using plant somatic embryogenesis induced by young cotyledon of soybean.     

植物嫁接砧穗愈合机制研究进展

植物嫁接砧穗愈合是指同种或异种植物的细胞、组织或器官互相影响与作用,结合成一个完整有机体的过程,受砧穗自身和外界等多种因素的调节和控制,是植物学领域的研究热点。嫁接可使植物的产量及品质得到提升,并有助于植物更好地适应环境。了解植物嫁接砧穗愈合机制对提高嫁接成活率和嫁接技术在生产中的应用具有重要的意义。就当前植物嫁接砧穗愈合的形态学进程、生理生化机制、分子调控及影响因素等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。     

广西百色芒果产区芒果高接换种方法调查

广西百色芒果产区现行的芒果高接换种方法主要有培养新枝高接法、采后多头切接法、大枝截干切接法、低位高接法和轮换高接法等5种。各种高接换种方法各有利弊,生产上可视不同条件和目的采用不同的高接换种方法。其中培养新枝高接法和采后多头切接法使高接植株树冠矮化、紧凑,树冠结构好,产量提高较快,适于在该产区推广应用;而轮换高接法使树冠结构紊乱,且不便管理,不宜推广应用。     

野生毛葡萄嫁接换种试验

用两性花毛葡萄改良新品种"桂葡1号"(NW 196)作嫁接换种接穗,对野生毛葡萄雌花植株(砧木)进行高位嫁接试验。结果表明:毛葡萄嫁接后萌芽率高、成活率低,其中冬季硬枝嫁接成活率为0,夏季绿枝嫁接成活率为20.1%,越冬后成活率仅为1.2%。生产上采用硬枝或绿枝嫁接方法对野生毛葡萄成年植株进行换种改造的技术方案不可行。     

高等植物体细胞胚胎发生的研究进展

植物体细胞胚胎发生是一个复杂的发育过程,受到多种内、外因素的影响与调节,研究体细胞胚胎发生诱导与调节是一个基本的理论问题。通过介绍高等植物体细胞胚胎发生过程中生长素对胚胎发育的影响以及体胚发生中的基因表达,展示体胚发生已经成为研究植物胚胎发生发育的一条重要途径。同时体胚发生中分离到的基因研究为理解细胞分化与发育,形态发生与建成以及植物合子胚的发育提供了重要参考。     

Cell fate determination by the cell wall in early fucus development

In multicellular plants, development starts with an asymmetric division of the zygote into two differentiated cells. The nature and distribution of fate-determining factors operating during embryogenesis remain largely obscure. Laser microsurgery was used here to dissect two-celled embryos of the alga Fucus spiralis. Removal of protoplasts from the cell wall induced dedifferentiation. However, isolated cells within the walls followed their restricted fate. Moreover, contact of one cell type with the isolated cell wall of the other cell type caused its fate to be switched. The cell wall thus appears to maintain the differentiated state and to direct cell fate in plant development.     

西瓜嫁接育苗技术规程

为规范陕西省西瓜嫁接育苗生产,促进西瓜产业的可持续发展,依据国家和行业标准,结合陕西省西瓜育苗生产实际情况,对早春西瓜嫁接育苗的设施、基质用料选择和消毒、砧木与接穗的选择、种子消毒处理、嫁接技术方法、嫁接后的管理、病虫害防治技术以及嫁接壮苗标准等提出具体要求。该规程(编号:DB6101/T110—2016)对陕西省早春西瓜嫁接育苗生产具有重要的现实指导意义。