龙眼胚性愈伤组织ACC氧化酶基因的克隆及其在龙眼体胚发生过程中的表达分析

【目的】分离克隆龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)胚性愈伤组织乙烯合成关键酶ACO(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase)基因,并分析该基因在龙眼体细胞胚胎(以下简称龙眼体胚)发生过程中的表达情况。【方法】采用RT-PCR结合RACE法,获得龙眼胚性愈伤组织ACO基因的cDNA全长序列和DNA序列,运用生物信息学方法对序列进行分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(q-PCR)法研究该基因在龙眼体胚发生过程中的表达【。结果】克隆得到龙眼胚性愈伤组织ACO基因1315bp的cDNA全长序列(GenBank登录号为FJ534854),该cDNA的开放阅读框推定的氨基酸序列(含315个氨基酸)与其它植物ACO具有86%-47%同源性,包含了5'非编码区为86bp,3'非编码区为281bp,3'poly(A)尾长13bp;该基因的DNA序列(GenBank登录号为GU123929)长为1660bp,包含3个内含子,内含子的剪切位点均符合真核生物"GT-AG"规则;该基因在龙眼体胚各阶段均有表达,整个变化趋势呈字母"M"状。【结论】确定所获得的序列是龙眼胚性愈伤组织ACO基因的cDNA序列和DNA全长序列;该基因在不完全胚性紧实结构和心形胚的表达量为两个峰值。     

茶树中精氨酸脱羧酶基因的cDNA克隆及序列分析

通过SMARTRACE PCR技术获得了茶树中精氨酸脱羧酶(ADC)的cDNA全长序列,并登录GenBank(登录号为JQ653274)。ADC基因cDNA全长为2 988 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)全长为2 163 bp,共编码720个氨基酸,编码的蛋白质的分子量为77.430 kDa,理论等电点为5.373,其序列中不存在卷曲螺旋结构。ADC蛋白为亲水性非分泌不稳定蛋白,不跨膜运动,无信号肽序列存在,共有41个可能的磷酸化位点,存在于叶绿体基质中,是细胞质蛋白。精氨酸脱羧酶的基因cDNA全长序列的获得,对于进一步研究精氨酸在茶树氮代谢中的作用及茶氨酸代谢途径提供基础。     

茶树中精氨酸脱羧酶基因的cDNA克隆及序列分析

通过SMARTRACE PCR技术获得了茶树中精氨酸脱羧酶(ADC)的cDNA全长序列,并登录GenBank(登录号为JQ653274)。ADC基因cDNA全长为2 988 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)全长为2 163 bp,共编码720个氨基酸,编码的蛋白质的分子量为77.430 kDa,理论等电点为5.373,其序列中不存在卷曲螺旋结构。ADC蛋白为亲水性非分泌不稳定蛋白,不跨膜运动,无信号肽序列存在,共有41个可能的磷酸化位点,存在于叶绿体基质中,是细胞质蛋白。精氨酸脱羧酶的基因cDNA全长序列的获得,对于进一步研究精氨酸在茶树氮代谢中的作用及茶氨酸代谢途径提供基础。     

苎麻COMT基因的克隆及序列分析

利用RT-PCR法结合cDNA末端快速扩增（RACE）法从苎麻中克隆了与木质素合成相关的COMT基因的全长cDNA序列。所获得的COMT基因全长1318bp,包含一个开放阅读框1098bp,编码365个氨基酸。序列相似性检索结果表明,苎麻COMT全长cDNA与杨树COMT基因的序列同源性达82%,其编码的氨基酸序列与杏的COMT氨基酸序列同源性最高,达93%。同时还检索到该氨基酸序列包含一个O-甲基转移酶的保守结构。     

三角帆蚌AMP基因cDNA全序列的克隆及分子特征研究

以三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)为研究材料,根据实验室构建的三角帆蚌cDNA文库中已标注的EST序列,利用RACE克隆了三角帆蚌AMP基因的cDNA全序列。该cDNA序列全长为970 bp,5′端非翻译区123 bp,3′端非翻译区526 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)长为300 bp,共编码99个氨基酸,包含一段由27个氨基酸组成的信号肽和72个氨基酸的成熟肽,分子量为10 924.7 u。氨基酸序列分析表明,该序列存在明显的跨膜结构和疏水区。同源性分析表明,该基因编码的蛋白与海兔(Aplysia californica)theromacin氨基酸序列的相似度最高为56%,而与贻贝等中发现的抗菌肽defensins、mytilins、myticins和mytimycins相似度较低,推测属于抗菌肽theromacin基因家族。Jpred3软件对三角帆蚌AMP蛋白的二级结构预测结果表明,在第2~22、57~62氨基酸残基处存在α螺旋,因此,三角帆蚌的AMP蛋白是包含跨膜螺旋的膜蛋白。为进一步研究该基因的表达、功能及三角帆蚌病害防御奠定了分子基础。研究亮点:theromacin不属于常见的抗菌肽基...     

桑树白藜芦醇合酶基因全长克隆及序列分析

根据已知的其他物种白藜芦醇合酶cDNA保守序列设计引物,用RT－PCR技术从桑葚中扩增获得白藜芦醇合酶基因部分cDNA序列,再用RACE技术获得其两端序列,并拼接得到完整的1442 bp白藜芦醇合酶基因。经序列分析发现,桑树白藜芦醇合酶基因开放阅读框长1170 bp,编码389个氨基酸,氨基酸序列含有芪合酶家族特征信号区GVLFGFGPGLT和活性中心序列GCFAGGTVLR;该基因与花生芪合酶基因的核苷酸序列同源性高达82．82％,氨基酸序列的同源性高达87．15％。     

苎麻4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶-1基因的克隆与分析

为了抑制苎麻木质素代谢关键酶基因的表达,克隆苎麻内源木质素代谢关键酶的基因,为通过基因手段降低木质素含量奠定基础.以苎麻为材料,采用PCR方法,以简并引物从苎麻基因组DNA模板中,首次克隆了其木质素代谢关键酶基因4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶-1基因(4CL-1)的DNA部分序列,长度为983bp;采用RT-PCR的方法,以特异引物,从苎麻茎RNA反转录的cDNA为模板中,首次克隆了苎庥4CL-1cDNA核心序列,长度为110bp;经生物信息学方法分析,得知所获得的基因序列编码一段含37个氨基酸残基的多肽,该多肽与几个酰基合成酶和AMP结合酶的同源性较高,可以推论其编码了AMP形成与结合的保守区域.     

中华补血草Syntaxin基因的克隆

[目的]对中华补血草Syntaxin基因进行克隆。[方法]以中华补血草叶片为材料,提取总RNA并进行反转录反应。依据已知Syntaxin基因5'端EST序列信息设计巢式引物,以反转录得到的cDNA为模板,利用2轮PCR扩增cDNA3'末端(3'RACE),获得Syntaxin基因3'端序列。[结果]获得1090bp的DNA片段。分析表明,该片段编码LsSyntaxin全长基因,其中开放阅读框长816bp,编码271个氨基酸。该基因编码的Syntaxin蛋白相对分子量为30254.3Da,理论等电点为5.55。[结论]为研究Syntaxin基因在补血草中的功能及其在补血草泌盐过程的作用奠定了基础。     

中华补血草Syntaxin基因的克隆(英文)

[目的]对中华补血草Syntaxin基因进行克隆。[方法]以中华补血草叶片为材料,提取总RNA并进行反转录反应。依据已知Syntaxin基因5’端EST序列信息设计巢式引物,以反转录得到的cDNA为模板,利用2轮PCR扩增cDNA3’末端(3’RACE),获得Syntaxin基因3’端序列。[结果]获得1090bp的DNA片段。分析表明,该片段编码LsSyntaxin全长基因,其中开放阅读框长816bp,编码271个氨基酸。该基因编码的Syntaxin蛋白相对分子量为30254.3Da,理论等电点为5.55。[结论]为研究Syntaxin基因在补血草中的功能及其在补血草泌盐过程的作用奠定了基础。     

茶树‘紫娟’肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶基因（CCR）克隆及序列分析

通过克隆茶树肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶基因(CCR)的cDNA序列,为研究其蛋白结构和功能奠定基础。对利用cDNA-AFLP技术获得的‘紫娟’茶树成熟叶片上调的差异表达片段TDF,设计特异引物,利用RACE末端扩增技术,分别扩增出5′端和3′端目的片段,测序后进行拼接获得茶树肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶基因(CCR)cDNA全长序列,并进行序列分析。结果表明:克隆的茶树CsCCR基因cDNA全长1 259bp(GenBank登录号为KJ995737),其中开放阅读框957bp。同源比对发现,与蓖麻、丹参、草莓、番茄的CCR蛋白同源性分别为67%、68%、69%和70%。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2

The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。