Plant Regeneration from Hypocotyl Protoplast of Brassica campestris

以大白菜成青２号为材料，从萌发５天的无菌苗下胚轴分离原生质体，然后以附加８．２％葡萄糖，０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ，０．４ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ的改良ＫＭ８ｐ液体培养基进行浅层培养．培养１３天后，用含５．２％葡萄糖的ＫＭ８ｐ培养基以１∶１进行稀释．４～６周后，再生细胞分裂并形成愈伤组织，直径约０．４～０．５ｍｍ的愈伤组织经ＭＳ培养基（附加２％蔗糖，０．８％的琼脂，１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ，０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ和０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ）诱导植株分化．５９％的愈伤组织可分化形成芽，分化的芽经诱导生根发育成完整的植株．０．８ｍｇ／ＬＩＢＡ和４００ｍｇ／Ｌ的羧苄青霉素对分化再生有促进作用．     

大白菜下胚轴原生质体再生植株

以大白菜成青２号为材料，从萌发５天的无菌苗下胚轴分离原生质体，然后以附加８．２％葡萄糖，０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ，０．４ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ的改良的ＫＭ８ｐ液体培养基进行浅层培养，培养１３天后，用含５．８％葡萄糖的ＫＭ８ｐ培养基以１：１进行稀释，４～６周后，再生细胞分裂并形成愈伤组织，直径约０．４～０．５ｍｍ的愈伤组织经ＭＳ培养基（附加２％蔗糖，０．８％的琼脂，１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ６－     

陆地棉胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

以陆地棉“泗棉３号”、“北元２０３１”、“鲁９５５４”为材料进行全固体体细胞培养，获得了胚性愈伤组织和再生植株。起始愈伤组织阶段，用含２，４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和２，４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＩＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基效果较好；进入胚性愈伤组织诱导阶段，在含ＩＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上胚性愈伤组织诱导频率较高。     

玉米93供113-1花药愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

本研究以玉米９３供１１３－１为材料，用ＭＳ、Ｎ６、Ｂ５和正１４四种培养基诱导花药愈伤组织，结果正１４培养基诱导率最高，为６．７４％，在激素的影响中，２，４－Ｄ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的激素组合愈伤组织诱导率最高。在愈伤组织的分化实验中，ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的激素组合分化效果最好。     

苧麻子叶原生质体的分离和初步培养

在成功建立麻悬浮细胞原生质体再生植株技术体系的基础上，对麻子叶原生质体的分离和培养进行了研究。以２℃冷藏或不冷藏的真叶初露期的绿色子叶，用３％ＣｅｌｌｕｌａｓｅＲ－１０，０．５％ＭａｃｅｒｏｚｙｍｅＲ－１０的ＣＰＷ０．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ甘露醇混合溶液处理５ｈ，原生质体产量最高，可达５×１０６个／ｇ鲜重，原生质体以海藻酸钠包埋培养在附加２，４－Ｄ０．５或１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＫＭ８ｐ培养基上，仅发生少数几次分裂。     

黄瓜子叶组织培养再生植株

将６个黄瓜品种的子叶和下胚轴培养于添加ＢＡ１．０～２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ（或ＮＡＡ）０．０１～０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基中，子叶能够直接分化出芽，出芽率随品种的不同而有差异，下胚轴只长愈伤组织，没有见到芽的分化。将子叶分化的芽切割下来，转入含ＩＢＡ０．１或０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ的１／２ＭＳ培养基中，可长出良好的根系，经移栽，即可成活。     

荔枝体胚发生及成苗研究

以荔枝不同器官为外植体诱导出愈伤组织，在中２，４－Ｄ，１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋５％蔗糖的ＭＳ培养基上 细胚胚性愈伤组织系；胚性愈伤组织高浓度２，４－Ｄ（５－８ｍｇ／Ｌ）在黑暗中激发诱导培养后，转移到去除２，４－Ｄ，含低浓度ＮＡＡ和ＩＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上，体胚发育成熟。     

三樱椒子叶愈伤组织的诱导及分化

对日本枥木三樱椒子叶愈伤组织的诱导与分化进行了系统的研究。结果表明：（１）ＮＡＡ（萘乙酸）０．１～２ｍｇ／Ｌ均能促进子叶愈伤组织的诱导及根的分化；（２）ＢＡ（６－苄基腺嘌呤）０．１～２ｍｇ／Ｌ对子叶愈伤组织的诱导及根分化均具有抑制作用，且在高浓度（２ｍｇ／Ｌ）时能抑制ＮＡＡ作用的发挥；（３）ＫＴ（激动素）２ｍｇ／Ｌ能抑制愈伤组织分化根，但ＫＴ的抑制作用比ＢＡ弱；（４）ＰＰ３３３（多效唑）０．０１ｍ     

铃兰愈伤组织诱导及芽的分化

以铃兰越冬芽的幼叶基部和幼嫩花梗为外植体进行培养，结果表明，在以ＭＳ为基本培养基的条件下，附加２，４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＺＴ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ时，可诱导幼叶基部产生愈伤组织，附加ＺＴ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ，可使转接的愈伤组织分化出芽，附加２，４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＫＴ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ时，可诱导花梗产生愈伤组织；附加６－ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ时，可使转接的愈伤组织分化出芽。     

水稻花药培养再生植株

以水稻新品系落粒９０２４７ 的花药为材料,将其接种于愈伤组织诱导培养基（ Ｎ６［１］ ＋ ２ ｍｇ／Ｌ２ ,４ － Ｄ＋１．０ ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ０ ．５ ％ ＬＨ） 上进行愈伤组织诱导,２８ 天后诱导率为７ ．２ ％ （ 不计因操作而死的花药） ;把诱导出来的愈伤组织转接到分化培养基（Ｎ６ ＋ １ ～２ ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ＋ ０ ．２５ ～０ ．５ ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ３ ％ 麦芽糖,ｐＨ５ ．８ ～６ ．０）上,２７ 天后分化出芽或再生植株,芽分化率为３ ．１ ％ ,直接出苗率为２ ．９ ％ 。再生植株移栽后生长良好。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。     

HPLC测定猪肉食品中四环素族抗生素残留

[目的]建立一种采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定肉类食品中四环素族抗生素残留量的新方法。[方法]首先,用Na2EDTA-McIl-vaine缓冲溶液提取样品,并用三氯乙酸除去其中的蛋白质;然后,用HLB固相萃取柱进行净化;最后,采用高效液相色谱仪测定含量,并用外标法定量。[结果]Na2EDTA-McIlvaine缓冲溶液的pH值为4.5时,四环素族抗生素回收率最高,最大吸收波长为355 nm,最低检测限为100μg/L。3个添加水平的回收率均在68.5%-94.7%,相对标准偏差为2.5%-9.1%。[结论]该方法简便、快速、准确、精密度高,适用于肉类食品中四环素族抗生素残留量的检测。