三个早熟葡萄品种日光温室引种观察初报

通过对引种的3个早熟葡萄品种进行观察,夏至红丰产性、抗病性表现突出;碧香无核抗病性较好,果实品质高,果粒较小;京香玉丰产性较好,抗病性较差。栽培时需根据各品种对环境的适应能力及表现采取不同的栽培措施。     

绿皮西洋南瓜品种比较试验

2008年对国内绿皮西洋南瓜几个主要栽培品种进行比较试验,结果表明:北京甜栗在早熟性、丰产性、抗病性、品质等综合方面表现优秀,适合北京春季大棚生产;京绿栗、锦栗、东英在丰产性、抗病性、品质等方面表现较好,但锦栗、东英生育期较长。     

梵净山地区野生树莓引种试验

对梵净山地区4个野生树莓品系引种后丰产性、果实品质、适应性等特性进行调查分析,通过多重比较分析方法可知野生树莓品系4的花序数比较多,每株产量较高,丰产性强,果实比较大,可溶性固形物含量高,可滴定酸低,固酸比适宜,维生素C含量高,引种成活率高,抗病性强;品系1丰产性差,固酸比值低,成活率低,抗病性差;品系2丰产性差,固酸比值小,维生素C含量高,成活率低,抗病性强;品系3丰产性差,果实大,固酸比值大,维生素C含量高,引种成活率低,抗病性差。从综合指标考虑,建议品系4进行引种栽培,其次是品系2,品系1和品系3不适合引种。     

豇豆品种盐城春季露地栽培比较试验

引进40个豇豆品种,在盐城地区春季露地栽培,比较丰产性、抗病性及商品性等性状。结果表明,万寿豇、龙翔特早王等品种的综合性状较好、产量高、抗病性强。     

文山州不同冬马铃薯品种（系）的种植表现

为解决文山州马铃薯生产中品种结构单一、病虫害严重的问题,以丽薯6号为对照,对12个用于冬作的马铃薯品种(系)进行出苗率、抗病性、农艺性状及丰产性的调查与评价,发现YS901具有较好的丰产性、抗病性及商品性,综合评价优,可替代丽薯6号作为文山州马铃薯主栽品种进行示范推广,YS109的抗病性、丰产性也较好,但出苗率、商品薯率略低,可作为潜在适宜品种进一步试验观察。     

2002年河南省春露地丝瓜品种区试品种评述

为筛选适合河南省春露地栽培的丝瓜品种 ,对 5个参试品种的早熟性、丰产性、抗病性等性状进行了试验比较 ,并对区试结果进行品种评述。试验结果表明 ,驻丝瓜 1号稳产性和综合性状好 ,丰产潜力大。     

日光温室番茄早春茬品种比较试验

天津市宁河区蔬菜技术推广站2016年春季引进番茄新品种12个,进行了日光温室早春茬品种比较试验。通过对供试品种植株长势、果实商品性状、丰产性以及抗病性等综合性状的调查和比较,总结认为JL-9、天赐595、金鹏10号、卡亚、TK43等5个品种果实硬度好,耐储运,抗病性强,丰产性好,适合天津市宁河地区大面积栽培应用。     

脱水甜椒品种比较试验

通过试验,遴选出两个抗病性、丰产性、加工性能优良的脱水甜椒新品种仙井213、诚田奇迹。     

棉花纤维品质遗传研究进展

本文综述了棉花纤维品质各因子的遗传规律及其研究进展。论述了纤维品质各因子之间及纤维品质与丰产性和抗病性之间的相互关系。同时对如何合理地把优质性、丰产性和抗病性结合起来这一问题从理论上提出了研究设想。     

脱水甜椒品种比较试验报告

种植5个甜椒品种,进行早熟性、加工性、抗病性、丰产性测定,从中筛选出中椒4号、诚甜奇迹综合性状好,较对照增产78.8%和27.3%。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

锌对镉·汞复合污染下豌豆幼苗生长的影响

以豌豆为试验材料,采用水培方法研究了锌对镉、汞复合污染下的豌豆种子萌发与生长的影响。结果显示,锌浓度≤100.0 mg/L时促进豌豆种子的萌发,锌浓度为200.0和300.0 mg/L时抑制豌豆种子的萌发。当镉、汞的浓度为3.0 mg/L时,100.0 mg/L锌的解毒效应最明显,表现为能够促进镉、汞胁迫下豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低豌豆幼苗根尖细胞畸变率,提高豌豆幼苗的叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性;但当锌浓度≥200.0 mg/L时,与镉、汞协同迫害豌豆幼苗的生长。     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。     

大棚金针菇栽培中的关键技术

金针菇栽培方式大多选用大棚栽培,大棚栽培金针菇比较方便,所需条件不是很高,栽培过程中湿度、温度、光照等条件均易于控制。在实际栽培过程中,探讨大棚栽培金针菇的关键技术,避免错误操作影响产量。从菌株、配方的选择、栽培袋的制作、灭菌、接种、培养、出菇、病虫害防治等方面论述了金针菇大棚栽培的关键技术,阐述了大棚栽培金针菇整个过程中需要注意的地方,以及一些栽培要领,为广大金针菇栽培户提供有价值的技术参考意见。