不同海拔地区玉米新品种对比试验

[目的]满足粮农对高产、优质、广适和多抗玉米新品种的需求,使粮食持续增产。[方法]2015年通过不同海拔地区玉米新品种田间对比试验,对玉米产量、主要经济性状、主要农艺性状、生育期和抗逆性等指标进行分析。[结果]芮单26和永瑞16可以在海拔2 200 m以下地区推广种植;华兴单88可以在海拔1 750 m以下地区推广种植,其他品种需进一步试验。[结论]该研究结果可在该地区和其他类似地区推广应用,将有效促进玉米品种更新换代,提高单位面积产量。     

不同海拔地区玉米新品种对比试验（英文）

[目的]满足粮农对高产、优质、广适和多抗玉米新品种的需求,使粮食持续增产。[方法]2015年通过不同海拔地区玉米新品种田间对比试验,对玉米产量、主要经济性状、主要农艺性状、生育期和抗逆性等指标进行分析。[结果]芮单26和永瑞16可以在海拔2 200 m以下地区推广种植;华兴单88可以在海拔1 750m以下地区推广种植,其它品种需进一步试验。[结论]该研究结果在该地区和其他类似地区推广应用,将有效促进玉米品种更新换代,提高单位面积产量。     

鹤壁市玉米新品种的比较研究

[目的]筛选适合河南鹤壁市种植的高产稳产玉米新品种.[方法]对豫单606、金赛38等12个玉米品种(含对照郑单958)进行比较试验.[结果]豫单606、玉迪216、美豫5号、金赛38产量表现较好、性状优良,适合鹤壁地区夏播大面积种植.[结论]该试验结果可为鹤壁地区推广优良玉米品种提供科学依据.     

不同鲜食玉米品种间作大豆示范试验

[目的]为满足城乡居民膳食营养的需求搭配.[方法]2020年在隆阳区农业技术推广所金鸡东方基地开展不同鲜食玉米品种间作大豆示范试验,对玉米和大豆的产量、主要经济性状、生育期、抗逆性等多项指标进行综合分析.[结果]鲜食玉米间作大豆产量和效益明显高于纯种鲜食玉米,玉米行距1.5 m,行间间作大豆、大豆穴距0.5 m、每穴留2苗的种植模式产量、效益最高.[结论]该示范试验结果可以在云南省保山市及气候类似地区推广应用.     

2016-2017年度宜城市小麦新品种展示试验

[目的]筛选适合宜城市种植的高产、优质、多抗小麦新品种.[方法]在宜城设置小麦新品种展示试验,在同一地力和栽培条件下,比较各品种生育期、主要农艺性状、抗逆性及产量表现.[结果]鄂麦170和矮麦027主要农艺性状、抗逆性及产量表现突出,适合在宜城大面积推广种植.[结论]该研究可为小麦新品种在宜城市的大面积推广提供科学依据.     

不同海拔地区的青贮玉米品种筛选研究

在不同海拔地区对青贮玉米新品种的生物产量及籽粒产量鲜重、生物产量及籽粒产量干重、农艺性状、穗部性状、生育期和抗逆性等多项指标进行综合分析。结果显示,青贮玉米品种云瑞121和云瑞506可以在保山市的高中低海拔地区及气候类似保山市的其他地区推广种植。该研究为青贮玉米大面积生产应用提供理论依据。     

2013年云南玉米品种筛选研究

[目的]为筛选抗性强、耐瘠、优质、高产、稳产和适宜云南省不同地区种植的玉米（Zea maysL.）新品种.[方法]引进12个2013年云南省普通玉米品种区域试验参试品种,设海禾2号为对照（CK）进行对比试验,对各品种的农艺性状、经济性状、产量性状进行分析比较.[结果]在参试的12个品种中,QA19和QA20较对照海禾2号增产,并且该品种株型半紧凑,成株整齐,丰产性好,综合农艺性状表现好,中晚熟品种,建议进一步参加试验.QA21、QA22和QA23较对照海采2号均减产,但幅度较小,综合性状良好,建议选一步参加试验.QA16较海禾2号减产24.9％,QA15减产15.2％,穗腐病感染严重,抗倒伏性能差,没有推广价值,但在试验的中后期严重干旱,对产量影响很大,建议进一步试验种植.[结论]该研究可为加快良种的更新步伐和不断增加玉米单产,并为品种的审定、推广提供科学依据.     

双向均值与灰度关联分析法筛选适宜德州种植的玉米新品种

[目的]筛选出高产、稳产、综合性状优良、后期玉米籽粒脱水快、适宜机械收获的玉米品种。[方法]通过利用双向均值法和灰度关联分析法对35个玉米新品种的产量及农艺性状进行分析与综合性评价。[结果]DH815、隆平208、滑玉168、秋乐218、邦玉359和农星2209这6个品种的产量与综合评价均较高,可以进行大面积的试验示范,从而在德州地区推广。[结论]该研究为农民选择合适的种植品种、降低种植风险提供理论依据。     

4个烤烟新品种在低纬中海拔地区的比较试验

在低纬中海拔地区（海拔1450m）进行了4个烤烟新品种的比较试验。结果表明,4个新品种的主要农艺性状、均价、产量、产值、中上等烟比例等主要经济性状均优于对照品种云烟85,说明4个新品种都适宜在该地区推广种植。其中,云烟203、云烟97、云烟202的综合表现显著优于对照品种云烟85,云烟20l的综合表现略优于对照品种云烟85。     

鄂东南地区青贮玉米品种引进试验

[目的]筛选出适宜鄂东南黄冈地区种植的青贮玉米品种。[方法]对7个青贮玉米品种进行品比引种试验,比较其生物产量、农艺性状。[结果]不同品种间生物产量和农艺性均存在显著差异,豫青贮23在产量和农艺性状方面表现优良,适宜作为青贮玉米品种在黄冈地区推广种植。[结论]该试验为当地及周边地区发展农区种草养畜筛选适宜的青贮饲用玉米品种,并为其推广提供科学依据。     

Web2.0,以个人为中心的互联网时代的到来

本文介绍了Web2．0的知识和背景，对Web2．0出现的基础以及典型技术和应用作了阐述，同时对其作出了前景展望。     

Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2

The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o     

市级综合气象信息分析与管理系统的设计与实现

以抚顺地区3个国家基本站50余年气象资料为依托，采用Microsoft Excel工作表实现由气候和农业气候2部分构成的气象与农业综合信息处理系统的基本思路、方法、内容、用途和使用情况。为了实现气候分析及应用的科学化、客观化、系统化、规范化、程序化及连续化的业务目标，按业务流程设计与实现的，包括资料处理、气候趋势模拟、气候预测、气候鉴定、季节性信息化处理、农作物产量预报、气候生产潜力分析等一系列内容在内的系统建设。关键是解决了大量的计算问题，建立了区域性通用模式。     

Multi-variable grey model (MGM (1,n,q)) based on genetic algorithm and its application in urban water consumption

Urban water consumption has some characteristics of grey because it is influenced by economy, population, standard of living and so on. The multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n））, as the expansion and complement of GM（1,1） model, reveals the relationship between restriction and stimulation among variables, and the genetic algorithm has the whole optimal and parallel characteristics. In this paper, the parameter q of MGM（1,n） model was optimized, and a multi-variable grey model （MGM（1 ,n,q）） was built by using the genetic algorithm. The model was validated by examining the urban water consumption from 1990 to 2003 in Dalian City. The result indicated that the multi-variable grey model （MGM（1,n,q）） based on genetic algorithm was better than MGM（1,n） model, and the MGM（1,n） model was better than MGM（1,1） model.     

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the majority of infections. This study was conducted to identify virulenceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa. A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50), chickens(n=50), goats(n=50), sheep(n=50) and pigs(n=50) were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October 2018. The samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based methods. It was found that 77 and 23% of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock samples. There were positive significant(P0.05) correlations amongst all the virulence genes that were investigated. Chisquare and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presence or absence of virulence genes. The study demonstrated that most of livestock species can potentially cause zoonotic infections and food poisoning due to the high prevalence of Campylobacter. The high prevalence of virulence genes highlights the significance of Campylobacter in livestock production systems in South Africa. This requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.     

不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响

 【目的】通过比较不同施肥水平下木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配和产量的差异，探讨粤北坡岗地优质高产木薯氮磷钾养分的最佳用量。【方法】以木薯品种南美119为材料，采用“3414”方案，在粤北翁源进行大田试验。试验共设14个处理。【结果】施肥处理的氮素主要分配到地上部，不施肥处理的氮素则主要分配到根部；不同施肥处理的磷素均主要分配到地上部；不施肥处理和不施钾处理的钾素主要分配到根部，不施氮处理的钾素在根、冠间分配较均衡。在木薯不同生长阶段，植株氮磷钾含量均呈下降趋势，但施氮、磷、钾化学肥料处理植株氮磷钾含量的下降速度小于不施氮、磷、钾化学肥料的处理。处理N2P2K2的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最大，不施肥处理（N0P0K0）的氮、磷、钾含量和积累量在各生育期均为最小（P＜0.05）。产量最高的是N2P3K2处理，为22 694.06 kg·hm-2，其次是N2P2K2处理，为21 417.87 kg·hm-2。【结论】木薯产量、氮磷钾养分积累及其在根冠间的分配，对施肥水平高度敏感, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著增加木薯植株的氮磷钾含量和积累量，又可以提高产量。在粤北坡岗地木薯生产中，氮素最重要，在氮素得到满足的条件下，磷素较钾素更重要。在本试验条件下，氮磷钾养分最佳用量为358.80 kgN·hm-2、89.10 kg P2O5·hm-2和187.50 kg K2O·hm-2。     

红苕饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能及某些血液生化指标的影响

选体重约38公斤的长白(♂)×成华(♀)杂交猪20头,随机分为四组,饲予四种不同的饲粮,研究饲粮中添加铜和/或喹乙醇对猪生产性能和某些血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:基础组、加铜组、加喹乙醇组和两者同时加组全期日增重分别为674、761、796、678克,日采食量分别为2.50、2.65、2.74、2.40公斤,饲料利用率分别为3.73、3.49,3.44、3.54,添加铜和/或喹乙醇对试验第65天血清铜兰蛋白、尿素氨及屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积无显著影响(p>0.05);添加铜使65天血清碱性碱酸酶活性极显著增高(p<0.01),添加喹乙醇有使之升高的趋势,两者同时添加时,碱性酸磷酶活性降低。     

Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi

Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning.     

不同温度LED光萎凋对铁观音MEP上游关键基因和香气的影响

【目的】萜类化合物是乌龙茶挥发性芳香物质的重要组分,2-C-甲基-D-赤藓醇-4-磷酸途径（MEP）上游关键基因直接参与调控萜类化合物前体物质的合成。而乌龙茶香气的形成与萎凋工序密切相关,光照和温度是影响萎凋的重要因子,探讨LED光与温度在乌龙茶萎凋过程中对香气的影响,为提高乌龙茶萎凋叶香气品质提供参考。【方法】基于转录组数据,根据KEGG筛选出响应光照的MEP上游关键基因（DXS、DXR、HDS、HDR）。对一芽三叶铁观音鲜叶进行LED白光和不同温度（20℃（L20）、25℃（L25）、30℃（L30）、35℃（L35）和40℃（L40））萎凋处理,黑暗下温度（20℃（D20）、25℃（D25）、30℃（D30）、35℃（D35）和40℃（D40））萎凋处理;分别测定铁观音萎凋叶的香气组分和MEP上游关键基因的相对表达量。【结果】L30处理萎凋叶各基因表达量达到最大值,萜类基因（DXS、DXR、HDS、HDR）表达量分别为XY组（对照）的4.31、5.28、11.77、1.59倍,为D30处理的2.24、2.39、1.86和1.60倍。D30组各基因表达量为黑暗处理组最大,依次为XY组的1.92、2.21、6.34和0.99倍。L20处理萎凋叶的α-法呢烯芳樟醇氧化物（I、II）含量最高,较XY依次提高了15.05%、4.92%和15.13%;L30处理萎凋叶的橙花叔醇、芳樟醇和香叶醇含量最高,较XY组依次提高了3.71%、6.14%和15.28%;LED组铁观音萎凋叶主要香气组分含量均高于相对应的温度处理组。通过主成分分析法建立数学模型,对萎凋叶香气组分进行评估,得出L20组萎凋叶得分最高,L30组萎凋叶次之;与香气分析得出结果一致。【结论】铁观音萎凋叶基因表达量与香气含量的变化趋势不存在同步性;L30处理萎凋叶基因表达量、主要萜类香气物质含量和主成分分析得分均较高,这与铁观音生产上的萎凋温度相一致。萎凋温度过高（40℃）不利于萎凋叶萜类关键基因的表达和萜类化合物的形成。     

仙人掌超氧化物歧化酶提取与纯化研究

以仙人掌为试验材料,采用硫酸铵分级沉淀法得到超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase,SOD）粗酶液。然后用Sephadex（葡聚糖凝胶）G-75层析柱层析对粗酶液进行进一步纯化,最后用邻苯三酚法测定酶活力,并对酶活力主要影响因素（包括pH值、温度、抑制剂）进行了研究。结果显示仙人掌SOD酶比活力为751.56U.mg-1。pH值为7.5~8.5时酶活力最大,稳定性也好。温度维持在25~30℃时酶活力最高。由于过氧化氢和氰化钾均能使仙人掌SOD的酶活力显著下降,因而可以初步判断从仙人掌中提取到的SOD是Cu.Zn-SOD。