Museum Functions and Visitors

The plentiful experiences of museum enable the patterns,value and concept of museum change constantly.The relation between museums and their own visitors is continuously improved.For more and more museums it is understood that the visitors are either the customers to serve or the social foundation,the museums depend on.The visitors are the indispensable basic factors for the museum.The studies on the visitors have been the important tasks in the practice of modern museums.In this paper,the psychology and perception psychology of museum visitors are discussed and how;the visitors make a notable impact on the improvement of museum functions is studied.     

Performing ‘Chinese‐ness’ in Singkawang: Diasporic moorings,festivals and tourism

Through an examination of two festivals – Qing Ming and Cap Go Meh – in the town of Singkawang in Indonesian Borneo (Kalimantan), we show how Singkawang‐bound Chinese Indonesian tourists and their Singkawang‐based relatives produce a diasporic heritage network through ‘moorings’ generated by both transnational and internal migration. Instead of returning to a singular ‘homeland’ in distant China, these tourists return to Chinese‐majority Singkawang as a result of their personal genealogical roots and of their broader cultural allegiance with a kind of Chinese‐ness that Singkawang has come to represent within a post‐Suharto Indonesia. Through these two festivals, we demonstrate how personal heritage practices like ‘roots tourism’ and visiting friends and relatives are intimately bound up with identity and developmental politics at local, national and international scales. In so doing, we identify a range of ways in which migratory and tourism flows by Chinese Indonesian internal migrants shape relations to their ancestral hometowns and cultural ‘homelands’ in Indonesia within the context of membership to and participation in a broader transnational diaspora.     

Geographic imaginations: Exploring divergent notions of identity,power, and place meaning on Pha‐ngan Island,Southern Thailand

This paper explores contrasting narratives of place meaning in a tourism site in Southern Thailand. Specifically, I analyse the parallel discourses of community change through tourism development embedded in international backpacker narratives, and those of the local Thai elite. By configuring identity and power around binary oppositional categories such as West as economically powerful and dominant/non‐West as economically weak and subordinated, ‘traditional’ tourism studies often locate the dynamics of change in the international tourism industry. To date, there is little research on the very real and important ways that people working in tourism assert agency and understand their own identities in everyday contexts. I argue that local communities can, and often do, shape the changes that tourism development initiates in very creative and adaptive ways.     

Regionalism and tourism: exploring integral links in Singapore

Traditionally, tourism development in Singapore involves creating and promoting tourist attractions to lure inbound visitors. Today in the 1990s the focus is on regional tourism, and Singapore is being developed as a ‘tourism capital’ and a hubbing centre for visitors travelling to and within Asia. Tourism development now has a regional focus and tourism enterprises are being encouraged to invest in overseas projects in the Asia Pacific. This paper explores Singapore’s forays into regional tourism. Specifically, it argues that ‘regionalisation’ and tourism enjoy a mutually reinforcing relationship. This means that regionalism provides an avenue for the tourism industry to expand and, conversely, the tourist industry provides an opportunity for Singapore to regionalise its economy. The turn towards regionalisation hints at local problems faced by Singapore’s maturing economy as a whole and its tourism industry in particular. Such local problems include: geographic constraints of site and the lack of natural attractions; limited market and investment opportunities within Singapore; increasingly sophisticated leisure needs of Singaporeans; and strategic concerns for political survival. ‘Tourism regionalisation’ helps to circumvent both real and perceived problems but this paper also warns that many challenges and difficulties will be faced even as Singapore’s regional economy takes root.     

Making connections: Hearing and sharing Macassan‐Yolηu stories

Yol?u people living in northeast Arnhem Land regularly celebrate their connections with the Macassan trepangers from Indonesian Sulawesi in storytelling, art and music. The history of this contact is well known in academic literature, and these stories of Macassan contact are told regularly by Yol?u people to tourists visiting northeast Arnhem Land. This paper explores the impact that hearing stories about the Macassans from one Yol?u family's tourism business had on a group of Australian Indonesian language teachers, visiting as part of an Endeavour Language Teaching Fellowship. It draws on ideas related to telling and hearing stories and argues that these particular stories enabled the teachers to make powerful connections: with each other and with Australia's histories and geographies. The paper also explores the ways in which the teachers went on to become storytellers themselves, using stories to make connections in their students' learning.     

呼伦贝尔市旅游气候适宜度分析

为了能够对呼伦贝尔市旅游气候资源价值做出评价,帮助旅游产业健康科学发展,通过人居舒适度等级、体感温度、着衣指数等几个方面对呼伦贝尔市旅游气候适宜度进行分析,并提出游览时间、目的地及穿衣建议。结果表明,对于休闲避暑为目的的游客最好选择6、7、8月,若有参观岭西北部林区的游客选择7月为最佳,6、8月需携带外套,而冬季游览、滑雪的游客可选择1、2、3、11、12月,其中1、2、12月冻伤危险较大,需做好防寒措施,春秋季节温度变化大,根据目的地着衣指数选择装备,旅游管理部门应结合各季节和景区所在地的气候适宜度情况妥善管理旅游资源、开发旅游项目。游客可根据自身旅游目的及情况科学选择合适时间、景区进行游览。     

天目山自然保护区旅游解说系统的调查与分析

良好的旅游解说系统,是提高游客旅游体验质量和接受环境教育的重要手段,是生态旅游区建设的重要内容之一。为了解天目山国家级自然保护区旅游解说系统设置状况和游客使用情况,以实地勘察和问卷调查为手段,对其旅游环境解说系统进行调查与分析。结果表明,景区的解说系统比较规范,并能于景区的文化蕴涵相融合,也能起到较好的解说引导作用。同时,也发现其解说系统存在着一些问题,如解说系统不完善、导游人员素质有待提高、解说牌示系统有待改善等问题。针对这些问题,建议通过建立功能完善的游客中心、增加电子解说系统等途径,来推进其旅游解说系统的功能提升。     

Optimization of Soundscape in Theme Park Based on Soundscape Comfortable Degree——A Case Study of China Dinosaur Land in Changzhou

Tourism soundscape is a new field of tourism landscape research, soundscape designs offer new concepts for the landscape research and development. Taking China Dinosaur Land in Changzhou City for example, visitors' perception about soundscape comfort in theme parks was studied. The researches found that acoustic comfort was infl uenced by objective parameters of sound and subjective perception of visitors, and when the soundscape volume stayed at a certain threshold value, visitors would gain the most satisfi ed acoustic comfort experience, and they were most sensitive to sound elements that able to convey cultural connotations of the theme park. On this basis, this paper adopted positive design, negative design, and zero design, and proposed the concepts of optimizing theme park soundscapes.     

Preliminary Analysis of Special Tourism Transportation in Agricultural Eco-scenic Area

Transport varies greatly in agricultural eco-scenic areas for the diversity of resources, and different terrains such as mountains, low hills and forest lands. Special tourism transportation is common in scenic area of different themes. For agricultural eco-scenic area, the road design has to consider the theme of the scenic area, thus animal power is a favorable transportation choice, it refl ects agricultural ecological characteristics and also takes production needs into consideration. This paper analyzed road design characteristics of agricultural eco-scenic area, and proposed the transportation model dominated by animal power and considering farming production, so as to meet the standards of "rural road" in agricultural eco-scenic area and comply with the style of agricultural tourism, and satisfy the visitors.     

茶文化旅游模式研究及开发策略——以浙江顾渚村为例

在研究茶文化旅游特征及当今旅游模式的基础上,借鉴前人研究经验,提出茶文化旅游模式应综合考虑开发者利益、游客需求、当地资源特色和产品设计等要素,使其具有多种不同的组合方式,在应用中增强其能动性。因此茶文化旅游目的地选择模式时,需根据自身特点设计不同产品,确定开发方,满足不同的游客需求,以达到最大的生态效益、社会效益和经济效益。以顾渚村为例,通过实地考察、问卷调查等途径探讨其茶文化旅游模式,并提出相应发展建议。     

Protection of Historic Villages and Towns in View of Tourism Destination Study

The traditional ways of protecting heritage are often passive when facing the influence of tourism development, which makes the protection measures lag behind relatively. To solve such a problem, this paper analyzes the influence of tourism destination lifecycle and of spatial structure creatively with the theories of Tourism Geography, pointing out that the influences are different in different lifecycle phases with different distinct characteristics, that the special spatial structure always makes tourism destinations facing more complex conditions and take more heavy environment pressure. Therefore, this paper advocates taking active protection, dynamic protection, building protection system to protect the historic villages and towns.     

Openings in the body of ‘capitalism’: Capital flows and diverse economic possibilities in Kiribati

Much of the post‐development agenda is concerned with decoupling Eurocentric imaginings of development from development practices in ‘remote’ regions and exploring new forms of economy that can enhance local well‐being. In the South Pacific (and elsewhere), small peripheral economies have confronted globalisation in varying ways. Some places, such as the Micronesian island state of Kiribati, have engaged directly with the global economy by investing capital generated locally in international financial markets rather than in domestic industries. Kiribati's trust fund, the Revenue Equalisation Reserve Fund, maintains a balanced portfolio of international equity and fixed income assets that produces a financial return, helping to augment Kiribati's other national income sources. In this paper we explore the results of capital flowing from Kiribati to global financial markets, noting that this alternative development practice can enhance local well‐being.     

Coordinated Development Mechanism for the Low-carbon Utilization and Connotative Preservation of Humanistic Tourism Resources

Low-carbon tourism is an irresistible development trend of world tourism industry, domestic and international theoretical researches and practices have remained in the exploration stage, especially function and role of humanistic tourism resources in low-carbon tourism have not been fully recognized. In this study, facility environment is regarded as the fundamental requirement of low-carbon tourism development, and humanistic elements as the connotative support. Therefore, based on exploring low-carbon utilization features and functions of humanistic tourism resources, the low-carbon techniques and models of using humanistic tourism resources were proposed, for example, designing low-carbon humanistic tourism products characterized by "inheritance + innovation"; establishing the coordinated development system for low-carbon utilization and connotative preservation of humanistic tourism resources; realizing the utilization model with low energy consumption, low emission and pollution under the premise of maintaining integrality, diversity and sustainability of humanistic tourism system, so as to enrich connotations of low-carbon tourism and bring sustainable vitality of low-carbon tourism.     

Development and Research of Forest Tourism from the Perspective of Forest Experience

Forest experience is an important scale for measuring the development degree of forest tourism,and also an indispensable part of forest tounsm.Domestic theoretical and practical researches on forest experience and forest tourism have been less reported,forest tounsm development and research from the perspective of forest experience have remained in the exploration stage,and researches on natural education and forest culture have also been just initiated.This paper explored problems of current forest tourism development from three perspectives of forest experience,i.e.environmental index,experience content and facility service.By applying scientific development and marketing methods,and combining with traditional health-care culture,forest tourism development spaces could be expanded.Finally,the paper proposed to establish forest ecological monitoring system and enrich forest experience projects to provide visitors forest tounsm expenence with high additional value and satisfaction degree.     

Social and Psychological Benefit of Urban Green Space

Recent rapid urbanization has broad impact on the contemporary urban environment. Preserving the natural environment has become the central issues in the world. The main concern of this paper is to address the importance of social function of green space. Some results of a survey conducted among visitors of urban parks in Mianyang city in Sichuan Province are presented and discussed. The results confirm that open space experiences have a positives influence on psychological and mental health. Urban green space verifies beliefs about stress-reduction benefits and mental health, and advances social intercommunication. Finally, the monetary evaluation methods of urban green space, such as contingent valuation method, hedonic pricing method, travel cost method, are discussed.     

Strengthening Mechanisms to Promote Tourists' Environmental Responsible Behaviors in the Context of All-for-One Tourism

The overall promotion of all-for-one tourism requires tourists' civilized behaviors. This paper focused on tourists' environmental responsible behaviors in the context of all-for-one tourism. On the basis of clarifying the connotation, dimension and driving factors of tourists' environmental responsible behaviors, this paper firstly analyzed the relationship between all-for-one tourism and tourists' environmental responsible behaviors, and proposed that the development of all-for-one tourism was an important path to optimize and upgrade China's tourism industry and a new concept of sustainable development of tourism industry. The emergence of all-for-one tourism has formed a new tourism trend, which will drive tourists to behave more civilly. Tourists' environmental responsible behaviors are a "subject and share" concept, and from tourists' point of view, all-for-one tourism development is the most basic requirement. Secondly, based on the theory of "value-belief-norm", this paper focused on the strengthening mechanism of "interaction effect" between all-for-one tourism and tourists' environmental responsible behaviors, and put forward the idea of "double internalization strengthening" to guide tourists' environmental responsible behaviors from being passive to active, from individuals to groups. Finally, this paper discussed the promotion of environmental responsible behaviors of tourist's specific strategies from two aspects, "external drive" and "internal drive" to enhance the level of all-for-one tourism construction and strengthen the environment responsibility of tourists. "External drives" were as follows:(1) to make a scientific development plan to implement the "host and guest sharing" mechanism;(2) to optimize the landscape, the environment, services, enhance the local attachment of visitors;(3) to improve the infrastructure system, pay attention to the details of visitors' experience;(4) to strengthen environment education and publicity, deepening the quality of tourists' civilization construction, and strengthen the environmental responsible behaviors of tourists. "Internal drives" were as follows:(1) to strengthen the sense of environmental responsibility of tourists;(2) to establish a model of environmental responsible behaviors;(3) to strengthen the supervision of environmental responsible behaviors.     

中国森林公园游憩机会谱系（CFROS）构建初探

我国森林公园在发展过程中存在着资源保护与旅游开发的矛盾,旅游产品单一化与游客需求多样化的矛盾,而游憩机会谱系在国外已被证明能够很好的解决上述问题。本文借鉴美国林务局的游憩机会谱系的研究成果,结合我国的政策标准、管理现状、研究成果,建立本土化的森林公园游憩机会谱系:将森林公园分为原野、自然、乡村和城市四个等级,并用可达性、风景资源质量、地点管理、游客管理、与社会的联系水平、游客冲击六个指标明确四个等级的区别。     

Realization Path to Pro-Poor-Tourism Development of Dabie Mountains

Relying on rich tourism resources of the Dabie Mountains to accelerate industrialized poverty alleviation and development is the inevitable choice of promoting regional economic and social leapfrog development. The realistic basis of pro-poor tourism of the Dabie Mountains is already ready and continuously strengthened. This paper, based on domestic and foreign pro-poor tourism practices, put forward the development path to pro-poor-tourism of Dabie Mountains of "establishing tourism development platform with the government as the leading factor; establishing the benefit sharing mechanism of pro-poor tourism with community participation as the main line; improving the community residents' professionalism in engaging in tourism with local residents as the main body; enhancing the overall effectiveness of pro-poor tourism with tourism as the principal industry".     

Review of Domestic and International Research on Traffic Signs

This paper summarized the results of domestic and international research on traffic signs, and found that the related research mainly focused on the setting, design and identification of traffic signs. It also pointed out the weakness and shortcomings of the existing research, and suggested that traffic signrelated research in the future should pay more attention to the humanities such as psychology, tourism science and sociology.     

生态博物馆利益相关者利益冲突分析——以三江侗族生态博物馆为例

为了调和生态博物馆利益相关者的利益冲突,构建和谐的利益关系,以三江侗族生态博物馆为例,采用两两对应分析的方法,构建利益冲突关系分析矩阵,绘制利益冲突关系图,对利益相关者之间蕴藏的利益冲突进行深入分析。通过研究发现,三江侗族生态博物馆的利益冲突主要存在于旅游者、旅游企业、政府主管部门、馆域社区、馆域原生环境等重要的利益相关者之间,利益关系错综复杂,利益需求的难以协调是他们之间利益冲突产生的根本原因。通过本研究,以期为构建科学合理的利益冲突协调机制提供理论依据。