Effect of Depth and Method of Irrigation and Nitrogen Application on Herb and Oil Yields of Java Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.) under Semi-arid Tropical Conditions

A field expenment was conducted during 1992–94 at CIMAP, Field Station, Bangalore, India to study the effect of depth (25, 37.5 and 50 mm) and methods (Ridge and furrow and Broad Bed and furrow method) of irrigation and nitrogen levels (0, 200 and 400 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) on herb and oil yields of Java citronella. At the highest level of N application (400 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) ridge and furrow method was better suited for irrigating citronella. However, under lower N levels (0 and 200 kgN ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), as much as 30 % water can be saved by the broad bed and furrow method. The results have shown that highest herb and oil yields of citronella were achieved with the application of 400 kg N and maintaining 25 mm depth of irrigation. Content and quality of oil were not affected either by irrigation or nitrogen.     

Effects of Irrigation at Different Growth Stages and Source-Sink Manipulations on Yield and Yield Components of Mung Bean, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek, in Dry and Intermediate Zones of Sri Lanka

Irrigation is a management option available to farmers in the subhumid zones of Sri Lanka to increase mung bean yields during the dry Yala season. The objective of this study was to quantify the yield gain in response to irrigation at different stages of the crop and thereby determine the most suitable stage/s of irrigation. Four field experiments were conducted during Yala in 1995 and 1996 at two sites, Maha-Illuppallama (MI) and Kundasale (KS). Eight irrigation regimes consisting of all possible combinations of irrigation at three growth stages of the crop were defined. The respective growth stages were vegetative (from germination to appearance of first flower), flowering (from appearance of first flower to 75 % pod initiation) and pod-filling (from 75 % pod initiation to maturity). The treatments which received irrigation during two or more stages had significantly higher yields (793–1396 kg ha⁻¹) than those which received irrigation during only one stage (401–756 kg ha⁻¹) with the lowest yield being shown by the rain-fed treatment (227–396 kg ha⁻¹). When at least two stages can be irrigated, irrigation during the flowering and pod-filling stages was most effective. Irrigation during flowering produced the highest yield gain when only one stage could be irrigated. Seed yield showed a strong positive correlation with number of pods m^−2. Fifity per cent de-podding caused yield reductions at both sites, indicating sink limitation. In contrast, 50 % defoliation reduced the yields only at MI where the number of pods m⁻² was greater than at KS. Hence, source limitation was present only when the number of pods was higher.     

Influence of Variable Amounts of Irrigation Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Water Use of Grain Sorghum

Sorghum hybrid CSH-6 was grown in fields in Delhi, India between July–November 1986 in order to study the effect of nitrogen nutrition and irrigation on dry matter accumulation, grain yield and water use. The treatments included 40 Kg Nha⁻¹ combined with two irrigations (30 DAS, 60 DAS), one irrigation (60 DAS) and no irrigation respectively. Rainfall during the crop season was only 17 cm. The unirrigated plants were considerably water stressed and exhibited very low leaf water potential, less leaf area, delayed anthesis, longer crop duration but shorter grain filling duration. The ears showed sterility and yield was only 0.41 t ha⁻¹ without nitrogen fertilization. Addition of nitrogen fertilizer had no significant effect on yield in unirrigated plants. A single irrigation 60 DAS increased yield due to increase in both grain number and grain weight per ear in fertilized and unfertilized crop respectively. Two irrigations in the unfertilized crop increased the yield to 2.2 t ha⁻¹ while similar treatment in the fertilized crop did not increase the yield significantly. Irrigation increased the WUE for grain yield. The results indicate that nitrogen stress and water stress reduced grain yield primarily through grain number rather than grain weight. Irrigation relieved both water stress and nutrient stress. Nitrogen nutrition was not beneficial under severe water stress conditions but was considerably helpful under mild stress. Biomass, grain yield and harvest index show significant correlation with preanthesis water use.     

Performance of Rapeseed-mustard Cultivars under Various Moisture Regimes on the Gangetic Alluvial Plain of West Bengal

A Field trial was conducted during 1988–89 and 1989–90 at Water Management Research Station, Memari. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Burdwan, to study the effect of three different irrigation regimes, namely rainfed (I₁) (No irrigation), one irrigation (I₂) at flowering and two irrigations (I₃ at flowering and at sihqua formation stages) on the grain yield and water expenses on four different rapeseed-mustard cultivars, namely Pusa Bold, Pusa Baroni, Varuna and DIR 247. The variety DIR 247 recorded maximum grain yield (12.1 qha') followed by Pusa Baroni (11.8 q ha⁻¹). The variety Varuna showed the lowest water use efficiency (48.1 kg ha⁻¹ cm⁻¹) while DIR 247 showed the maximum value of 57.0 kg ha⁻¹ cm⁻¹. The number of irrigations significantly increased the grain yield. Two irrigations, one at flowering and at siliqua formation stage increased grain yield by 28 % over the rainfed plots. During the crop growth period the actual water expenses among the cultivars in any moisture regime were more or less similar. The interaction between varieties and irrigation levels were, however, not significant.     

Differences between Maize Cultivars in Yield Formation, Nitrogen Uptake and associated Depletion of Soil Nitrate

In a 3-year field experiment conducted on a Gleyic Luvisol in Stuttgart-Hohenheim, ten maize cultivars (nine commercial and one experimental hybrid) were compared in their ability to utilize a high soil nitrogen (N) supply. Total N content of the shoots at about silage maturity ranged from 213 to 328 kg N ha⁻¹ (1986), from 177 to 223 kg N ha⁻¹ (1987) and from 185 to 226 kg N ha⁻¹ (1988). In all three experimental years, total shoot N uptake was significantly positively correlated to stover yield, and also to N concentrations in the ears and in the total plant dry matter. In contrast, a negative correlation between ear yields of the cultivars and total N uptake was indicated. Differences between the cultivars in N uptake were reflected in a corresponding soil nitrate depletion. At harvest, residual nitrate-N in the 0–90 cm soil layer ranged from 34–63 kg N ha⁻¹ m 1987 and 32–71 kg N ha⁻¹ in 1988. The results indicate, that growing of cultivars selected for high N uptake-capactiy of the shoots may contribute to an increased utilization of a high soil N supply and thus to a reduction of nitrate leaching.     

Maximizing Sugarcane Yield by Increasing Plant Population Density, Minimizing NO3-N Leaching and Improving Soil Organic Matter in Different Crop Rotations

In a field experiment conducted during 1992–95 at Lucknow, India, sugarcane was planted in rows 60 and 90 cm apart in three crop rotations (rice-sugarcane-ratoon, Sesbania aculeata for green manure-sugarcane-ratoon, and cowpea-sugarcane-ratoon) with 0, 150 and 300 kg N ha⁻¹ as urea either with or without farmyard manure (FYM) at 10 t ha⁻¹. Sugarcane yields were significantly greater in the Sesbania rotation than in the other because of a larger N uptake. N uptake of the crop was significantly affected by soil organic carbon, and available N and K contents. Ratoon yields, however, were largest in the cowpea sequence followed by the rice rotation, probably due to a prolonged residual effect of cowpea and rice root residues. The residual effect of a Sesbania green manure was negligible as demonstrated by the low NO₃-N content of the soil profile after sugarcane harvest compared to the other two crop sequences. The total cane productivity (main sugarcane plus ratoon) was greater (156 t ha⁻¹) in the cowpea rotation than the Sesbania (152 t ha⁻¹) and rice (140 t ha⁻¹) rotations.     

Studies on Sowing Depth for Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), Faba Bean(Vicia faba L.) and Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) in a Mediterranean-type Environment of South-western Australia

Pulses such as chickpea, faba bean and lentil have hypogeal emergence and their cotyledons remain where the seed is sown, while only the shoot emerges from the soil surface. The effect of three sowing depths (2.5, 5 and 10 cm) on the growth and yield of these pulses was studied at three locations across three seasons in the cropping regions of south-western Australia, with a Mediterranean-type environment. There was no effect of sowing depth on crop phenology, nodulation or dry matter production for any species. Mean seed yields across sites ranged from 810 to 2073 kg ha⁻¹ for chickpea, 817–3381 kg ha⁻¹ for faba bean, and 1173–2024 kg ha⁻¹ for lentil. In general, deep sowing did not reduce seed yields, and in some instances, seed yield was greater at the deeper sowings for chickpea and faba bean. We conclude that the optimum sowing depth for chickpea and faba bean is 5–8 cm, and for lentil 4–6 cm. Sowing at depth may also improve crop establishment where moisture from summer and autumn rainfall is stored in the subsoil below 5 cm, by reducing damage from herbicides applied immediately before or after sowing, and by improving the survival of Rhizobium inoculated on the seed due to more favourable soil conditions at depth.     

Response of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) to Applied Nitrogen with or without Ethrel Spray under Non-irrigated Conditions

Field studies were conducted during the winter seasons of 1995–96 and 1996–97 at the Agricultural Farm of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India on mustard ( Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss., var. Alankar) under non-irrigated conditions, to evaluate the effect of foliar spray of 200 p.p.m. ethrel (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) at flowering growth stage along with basal 0, 40, 80 or 120 kg N ha⁻¹ on net photosynthetic rate (P_N), stomatal conductance (C_S), stomatal resistance (R_S), leaf K content, relative water content (RWC), leaf area index (LAI) and total dry matter (TDM) production monitored at 20 days after spray application, and plant N content, seed N content, nitrogen harvest index (NHI), nitrogen yield merit (NYM), pods plant⁻¹, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index (HI), seed yield merit (SYM) and merit of genotype (MOG) at harvest. Results indicated that, at 0 or 40 kg N ha⁻¹, ethrel did not produce any significance effect, but at basal 80 kg N ha⁻¹, ethrel affected the parameters favourably with the exception of 1000 seed weight, HI, seed N and NHI. Ethrel-sprayed plants utilized N from the soil more effectively and showed increased NYM. Yield attributes, seed yield and merit of genotype (in terms of NYM and SYM) were also enhanced. Ethrel spray enhanced seed yield under water stress conditions mainly by increasing K uptake and retaining higher RWC, thereby decreasing R_S and increasing LAI, P_N and TDM production.     

Effects of Fungicide on Grain Yield of Barley Grown in Different Cropping Systems

The effect of fungicides and their combination on yield of barley under different nitrogen, slurry and tillage treatments was investigated at Hohenschulen Experimental Station near Kiel, Germany in 1991–97. Various fungicide treatments (no fungicide, and treatment with stem, leaf and ear fungicides and combinations of these), two nitrogen levels (120 and 240 kg N ha⁻¹), two tillage systems (minimum and conventional tillage) and four slurry applications (no application, and autumn, spring and autumn plus spring applications) were used. On average, fungicide application increased barley yield by 1.1 t ha⁻¹. The fungicide treatments could be classified into four types: (1) fungicides against stem diseases, which slightly increased yield by 0.25 t ha⁻¹, very similar to the results for the untreated control; (2) leaf fungicides and ear fungicides applied separately, and fungicides against a combination of stem and leaf diseases, which increased yield by 1.0 t ha⁻¹ on average; (3) fungicides against a combination of ear and stem diseases, which increased the yield by 1.22 t ha⁻¹, and (4) fungicides against a combination of leaf and ear diseases and a combination of stem, leaf and ear diseases, which increased yield by 1.59 t ha⁻¹ on average. The effects of fungicide on the yield were modified by crop husbandry. It can be concluded that application of fungicides against a combination of leaf and ear diseases could increase barley yield and reduce yield variation.     

Effect of Plant Spacing and Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Herb and Oil Yields of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud.) Wats. var. I cauvery)

A field experiment was conducted for 2 years during 1991–93 at the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic plants, Bangalore, India to study the effect of plant spacings (60 × 60, 60 × 45, 60 × 30 and 45 × 45 cm) and nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) on growth, herb and oil yield of lemongrass. A closer plant spacing of 45 × 45 cm resulted in higher herb and oil yields compared to wider spacing of 60 × 60 cm. Application of 150 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ resulted in higher herb and oil yields. Higher nitrogen applications also increased the plant height and number of tillers per clump. The oil content and quality-was not influenced by spacing and nitrogen levels.     

Performance of Agricultural Systems under Contrasting Growing Season Conditions in South-western Quebec

Climate change will alter temperature and rainfall patterns over North American agricultural regions and there will be a need to adapt crop production systems to the altered conditions. A set of field experiments were conducted in south-western Quebec, Canada, with soybean ( Glycine max L.), corn ( Zea mays L.), sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) × sudangrass ( Sorghum sudanense Piper) hybrid and switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) under two tillage and three nitrogen fertility regimes, to study their performance in three successive growing seasons (2001–2003), two of them with unusually warm and dry conditions. The annual crops were established in two tillage systems: conventional and no-till (NT). All crops except soybean were fertilized with three levels of nitrogen: corn – 0, 90 and 180 kg N ha⁻¹, sorghum-sudangrass – 0, 75 and 150 kg N ha⁻¹, switchgrass – 0, 30 and 60 kg N ha⁻¹. The 2001 and 2002 seasons were hotter and drier than the 2003 season, which was the most favourable for crop growth. The capacity of the crops to yield in dry seasons was as follow: switchgrass > sorghum-sudangrass > corn > soybean. The corn and sorghum-sudangrass responses to nitrogen fertilizer were low in 2001 due to the combined effect of dry growing season and coarse soil texture. Soybean did not perform well under NT. Corn yielded better at the highest nitrogen fertilizer rate under NT when the early season was warmer than the normal. Our results show that switchgrass and sorghum-sudangrass could be an option in south-western Quebec if the frequency of hot and dry seasons increase in the future, because of climate change.     

Growth dynamics of winter wheat in the field with daily fertilization and irrigation

In a field experiment with fertilized and irrigated winter wheat the above-ground crop was sampled once a week. Phenological development, plant density and canopy height were recorded and the green surface areas of leaves, stems and ears were measured. Soil mineral nitrogen was sampled and the field climate monitored. There were four treatments. The daily irrigated/fertilized (IF) and daily irrigated (I) treatments were both irrigated by a drip-tube system. Liquid fertilizer was applied to IF following a logistic function according to calculated plant uptake. A total of 200 kg N ha⁻¹ was applied. Treatment I, control (C) and drought (D) were all fertilized once in spring with 200 kg N ha⁻¹. In treatment D transparent screens were used to divert rainwater. Dry matter production ranged between 1400 in D and 2352 g m⁻² in IF. The corresponding amount of nitrogen uptake ranged between 15.8 and 24.6 g m⁻². After harvest, soil mineral nitrogen was lowest in IF.
An increase in the availability of nitrogen and water enhanced total biomass production as well as grain yield and leaf area. The daily supply of nitrogen according to crop demand delayed nitrogen uptake and increased total uptake. The results suggest that when the nitrogen is supplied in accordance with crop demand, the efficiency with which the applied fertilizer is utilized increases and the risk for nitrogen leaching decreases.     

Effect of Legume Management on Forage Production and Residual Effects on Upland Rice

An experiment was conducted over the period 1995–96 in a warm-temperate environment in Nepal to investigate the effect of cutting frequency on forage yields of three temperate legume species, grown during the winter season, and the residual treatment effects on a subsequent upland rice crop. The three species, Persian clover ( Trifolium resupinatum ), white clover ( Trifolium repens ) and vetch ( Vicia benghalensis ), proved to be well adapted to the winter growing conditions and produced cumulative forage yields between 6.8 t DM ha⁻¹ (vetch) and 9.2 t DM ha⁻¹ (Persian clover). Vetch grew vigorously throughout the winter months and provided reasonable forage yields between December and February, whereas the clovers provided green fodder up to July. These species may therefore make a substantial contribution to alleviating the severe shortage of quality feed during the winter months. Grain yields of the subsequent rice crop ranged from 3.6 to 7.3 t ha⁻¹. Rice yields were greatly affected by the previous legume species and forage management practices. In general, the removal of legume forage greatly reduced the residual effect, and farmers will have to seek a compromise between maximizing green fodder production and the immediate beneficial residual effect of the legume crop on rice yield.     

Analysis of Growth and Productivity of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in Relation to FYM, Nitrogen and Source of Fertilizer

A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1992–93 and 1993–94 at Anand to study the effect of FYM, nitrogen and source of fertilizer on growth and yield of mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj & Cosson]. The results showed significant variation in leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), dry matter production and seed yield. The direct effect of farmyard manure (FYM) was conspicuous in improving the growth of mustard. FYM application at 10 tonnes ha⁻¹ significantly increased the LAI, CGR and dry matter accumulation per plant at almost all the stages during first year study (1992–93) and in pooled analysis. Similarly, nitrogen application registered maximum LAI, CGR at 75 kg level and RGR and NAR at 50 kg level at almost all the during both years. Sulphur carrying source (Ammonium sulphate plus single super phosphate) increased all stages growth characters. Maximum dry matter accumulation per plant and seed yield were recorded with highest levels of FYM (20 tonnes ha⁻¹), N (75 kg ha⁻¹) and source having S. Seed yield was strongly associated with LAI and dry matter accumulation per plant at all the stages.     

The Effect of Planting Date and Plant Density on Potassium and Magnesium Uptake and Harvest by Brussels Sprouts

The effects of planting date and plant density on potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) uptake and harvest by Brussels sprouts ( Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera ) were studied in field experiments. Crop potassium concentration generally decreased towards harvest, but the pattern in potassium concentration during crop growth differed between planting dates. Plant density in the range of 2.7–4.4 plants m⁻² had no effect on crop potassium concentration. The amount of potassium in the crop at harvest decreased with a delay in planting, but was not influenced by plant density. Mainly depending on the planting date, around 100–200 kg potassium ha⁻¹, or approximately 40–50 % of the potassium in the crop at harvest, is removed from the field with the product. Averaged over treatments and years, potassium concentration in the (fresh) product was 5.2 kg ton⁻¹. The amount of magnesium in the crop at harvest decreased with a delay in planting. Depending on the planting date, uptake at harvest was 10–17 kg magnesium ha⁻¹. Plant density had no effect on this amount. On average per ton (fresh) product, 0.20 kg of magnesium was removed from the field.     

Effect of Integrated Use of Farmyard Manure and Sulphur in a Soybean and Wheat Cropping System on Nodulation, Dry Matter Production and Chlorophyll Content of Soybean on Swell-Shrink Soils in Central India

In a 3-year experiment on a Typic Haplustert low in soil test sulphur (S), the response to applied farmyard manure (FYM) and S was studied in terms of the nodule production, nodule dry weight, chlorophyll content, dry matter production and seed yield of soybean. FYM was applied to soybean at four levels (0–16 t ha⁻¹). S as gypsum was also applied at four levels (0–60 kg ha⁻¹) to both soybean and wheat every year. Both total and active nodule production, nodule dry weight, dry matter production and seed yield of soybean were increased significantly by the application of both FYM and S. However, the proportion of total nodules to active nodules fell sharply for applications higher than 8 t FYM and 40 kg S ha⁻¹.     

Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Levels on Barley Cultivars Grown in Semi-arid Conditions

Most farmers in the rainfed parts of Jordan who use fertilizers use less than optimum rates of N and P because of the uncertainties associated with rainfall. Research results obtained by the national program indicated that the use of improved barley cultivars and fertilizers would result in substantial yield increases. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the optimum combination level of N and P for newly promising cultivars. The effect of 0–0, 5–10, 10–20 and 15–30 kg.ha⁻¹ of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels on barley cultivas Rum, Giza, Fun, Harmel and Arta under rainfed conditions in the Mediterranean climate was studied during two cropping seasons, 1994-95 and 1995–96. Increased grain and straw yields, total N and P uptake and RUE were recorded with increasing N and P levels for almost all cultivars. Rum was significantly (P = 0.05) the highest grain and straw producer and highest RUE at the 10 N- and 20 P kg.ha⁻¹ level. The cultivar × fertility level (N–P) interactions were not significant for both grain and straw yields and for total N and P uptake.     

Optimum Seed Rate and Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirement of Rice Under Semi-deepwater Ecosystem

The effect of varying seed rates (100–1000 seeds m⁻²) and nitrogen fertilizer (0–60 kg N ha_-1) applied either in a single basal dose or in splits was investigated on a tall elongating, photosensitive rice variety, Nalini, under semi-deepwater conditions (0–100cm) during 1993 and 1994 at Cuttack, India. Seedling emergence was higher in 1993 (53.9 %) than in 1994 (44.1 %) and it increased proportionately with increasing seed rate, Increase in the number of tillers and panicles m⁻² at higher seed rates was associated with a corresponding decrease in panicle weight. Regression analysis indicated a decrease of 0.91–1.28g in panicle weight for an increase of 100 panicles m⁻². The grain yield of rice was significantly higher at 400 seeds m⁻² in 1993 and at 600 seeds m⁻² in 1994 than at low seed rates but further increase in seed rate did not increase the yield. Application of N fertilizer increased the panicle number and thereby grain yield significantly. The effect of basal and split applied N at active or maximum tillering stages as well as between 30 and 60 kg N ha⁻¹ was not significant on the grain yield. The results suggest that a basal dose of 30kg N ha⁻¹ and seeding density of 400–600 seeds m⁻², resulting in 40–50 % seedling emergence and 150–200 panicles m⁻², each with 2.0–2.5 g weight, may be adequate for optimum productivity of rice under semideepwater conditions.     

Re-Introduction of Quínoa into Arid Chile: Cultivation of Two Lowland Races under Extremely Low Irrigation

Annual rainfall in Chile at 30°S decreased from 170 to 70 mm in the last century, forcing a search for new low-rain adapted crops. Chenopodium quinoa Willd. was cultivated by pre-Hispanic cultures, but it disappeared in this region since the Spanish conquest. Two quínoa landraces (Don Javi and Palmilla) were re-introduced from lowlands of central Chile (34°S) evaluating seed saponin content and grain yields under low irrigation. Replicated assays were conducted in two sites with distinct microclimates after august (end of the rains in 2004 and 2005). Treatments included low (40–75 mm) and high (150–250 mm) irrigation and were distributed along the five cultivation months. Fertilization, with the humus of the worms, was carried out in the second season, as soils are poor in organic matter. Results showed significantly higher saponin content in the seeds of Don Javi landrace (1.2 %) with respect to Palmilla seeds (0.3 %). However, grain yields were not different between landraces under the same treatments. Yields were instead affected by microclimate, irrigation and fertilization. Although higher yields corresponded with higher irrigation, 2.6 tons ha⁻¹ was obtained under high irrigation, but surprisingly, also under low irrigation in the more humid site. Yields of 2006 harvesting season (ca. 7 tons ha⁻¹) were higher than that of the previous season (ca. 5.5 tons ha⁻¹), mainly because of the addition of organic matter. We suggest that re-introduction of Quinoa in arid Chile is feasible even under the prevailing conditions of low rainfall and deficient soils, but better yields will need some irrigation and addition of organic matter.     

Effect of Integration of Fertilizer and Green Manure Nitrogen on Yield Attributes, Nitrogen Uptake and Yield of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Field experiments were conducted at Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai, India, during the wet seasons of 1992 and 1993 to study the effect of full and partial substitution of fertiliser N with green manure N (Sesbania rostrata) on nitrogen uptake, yield attributes and yield of rice. The experiment consisted of eight treatments with two levels of N (100 and 200 kg ha⁻¹) and three sources of N application viz., fertilizer, integrated (1:1 fertilizer and green manure N) and green manure N compared to the recommended practice (150 kg fertilizer plus 6.25 t ha⁻¹ (72 kg N) green manure) and a no N control. Nitrogen application markedly increased the N uptake. Combined use of the two N sources at 200 and 222 kg N ha⁻¹ and of single fertilizer N at 200 kg N ha⁻¹ recorded the maximum N uptake, increased the yield attributes such as number of panicles per unit area, weight per panicle, number of total and filled grains per panicle and test weight. At 200 kg N ha⁻¹ full substitution of N by green manure reduced the grain yield but only partial substitution of N by green manure resulted in almost similar yield as single fertilizer N. Thus 200 kg N ha⁻¹ applied in equal proportions of fertilizer and green manure N can be recommended for medium duration rice cultivars.