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1.
选用清洁级昆明种小鼠进行宝克最大给药量试验,在24 h内给小鼠灌以宝克最大药量5 000 mg/(kg·bw),观察小鼠毒性反应7 d。宝克急性毒性试验结果显示,24 h内给药5 000 mg/(kg·bw)的宝克对小鼠没产生毒性反应。宝克在短期内使用安全性较好,无明显毒副作用。  相似文献   

2.
摘 要:以稍微粗老的晒青茶为原料,接种白参菌进行固态发酵,对比研究发酵前后的品质及安全性。结果表明白参菌发酵茶品质综合评分较原料提高31%,品质明显改善,汤色由黄绿转变为橙红,粗老味消失,滋味变醇,又增添了菌香味,口感较为协调。白参菌发酵茶和原料的小鼠急性经口毒性试验效果一样,小鼠给受试物后观察14天,体重增长,全部存活,最大耐受量(MDT)大于15000 mg/(kg·bw),相当于成人每日平均拟用量6 g[100 mg/(kg·bw)]的150倍,参照急性毒性试验标准,白参菌茶和原料一样属无毒级茶饮品。  相似文献   

3.
蜂王浆调节小鼠免疫功能研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以人体推荐量的低、中、高3个剂量组的蜂王浆软胶囊,即5倍的低剂量组0.25 g/(kg·bw)、10倍的中剂量组0.5 g/(kg·bw)、30倍的高剂量组1.5 g/(kg·bw)灌胃小鼠30 d,观察其体重、脏器/体重比值、NK细胞的活性率、淋巴细胞转化率、半数溶血值和抗体生成细胞数的变化。结果表明,0.50,1.50 g/(kg·bw)剂量能显著提高小鼠NK细胞活性,1.50 g/(kg·bw)剂量能显著提高小鼠半血溶血值、抗体生成细胞数、淋巴细胞转化能力(p0.05),各剂量对小鼠体重增长、胸腺/体重比值、脾脏/体重比值均无明显影响(p0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
以羧甲基马铃薯渣为基料,辅以增塑增强等改良助剂,研制一种新型羧甲基马铃薯渣基可食性包装膜,通过食性包装膜的机械性能、阻隔性能、速溶性能以及封合特性等进行研究,结果表明可食性包装膜优化制备工艺参数为羧甲基马铃薯薯渣添加量2.0 g,壳聚糖的添加量0.2 g,海藻酸钠1.2 g,甘油1 mL,硬脂酸0.2 g,所制备的可食性包装膜膜厚为90±3μm,抗拉强度7.88±0.03 MPa,速溶时间25±1 s,水蒸气透过系数仅0.218±0.006 g·mm/(m2·d·kPa),氧气透过系数仅2.011±0.007 cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa),透油系数0 g·mm/(m2·d),封合强度高达7.47±0.01 N/15 mm。可食性包装膜质地光洁均一、细腻耐折,可用于食品调味料及粉剂等可食性绿色包装。  相似文献   

5.
为了测定小鼠口服藿芪灌注液的急性毒性和长期毒性,评价其安全性,为临床安全用药提供依据,采用最大给药量法进行了急性毒性研究,选择健康小鼠20只,24 h内按40 g/kg体重灌胃给药3次,给药后连续观察10天,测定其1日最大给药量,确定藿芪灌注液的急性毒性。将80只健康大鼠随机分为高、中、低剂量组和对照组,每组雌雄各10只,高、中、低剂量组分别按20、10、3 g/kg体重灌服藿芪灌注液,对照组按20 m L/kg灌服生理盐水,每天一次,连续给药35天,通过临床观察、病理组织学检查、血液生理生化指标测定,研究其长期毒性。结果表明,小鼠口服藿芪灌注液的1日最大给药量为120 g/kg,相当于临床奶牛日用量的600倍。藿芪灌注液不影响大鼠的采食、活动、饮水、增重、脏器指数、血液生理生化指标,不会引起大鼠发病和死亡。说明藿芪灌注液实际无毒,至少在20 g/kg体重给药剂量下大鼠连续给药35天是安全的。  相似文献   

6.
为了研究石斛西洋参景天姜胶囊的安全性及缓解体力疲劳功能。采用急性毒性、遗传毒性和反复染毒(30 d喂养)试验。缓解体力疲劳功能试验以0.20,0.40,1.20 g/kg·bw/d小鼠灌胃1个月,测小鼠的负重游泳时间、血浆尿素水平、肝糖原储备量及血乳酸值。小鼠急性经口MTD大于15 000 mg/kg·bw,属无毒级。Ames、微核、精子畸形试验结果均阴性。反复染毒(30 d喂养)试验血液学和血生化及病理结果无异常。缓解体力疲劳功能试验结果0.40,1.20 g/kg·bw/d组小鼠负重游泳时间长于0 g/kg·bw/d组;0.20,0.40,1.20 g/kg·bw/d组肝糖原储备量高于0 g/kg·bw/d组;0.40,1.20 g/kg·bw/d组小鼠游泳后血乳酸曲线下面积值低于0 g/kg·bw/d组。结果表明,石斛西洋参景天姜胶囊的安全性较好,且具有缓解小鼠体力疲劳的功能。  相似文献   

7.
【目的】花生产中氮肥施用过量现象普遍存在。研究减氮配施不同生物刺激素黄腐酸(Fulvic acid,简称F)、壳聚糖(Chitosan,简称C)、海藻酸(Alginic acid,简称A)对棉花的生长发育及其氮素利用的影响,旨在为棉田氮素优化管理和减氮增效提供理论依据。【方法】设置棉花大田氮肥常规施用量(360 kg·hm~(-2),N_1)、减量20%(288 kg·hm~(-2),N_(0.8))和减量40%(216 kg·hm~(-2),N_(0.6))叶面配施生物刺激素(不施刺激素0 g·kg~(-1),S_0;黄腐酸0.12 g·kg~(-1),F;壳聚糖0.1 g·kg~(-1),C;海藻酸0.24 g·kg~(-1),A),分析棉花干物质积累量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、根系形态,收获期棉花产量、氮肥吸收总量及利用效率。【结果】适量减氮配施壳聚糖、黄腐酸和海藻酸均可促进棉花的生长,提高产量和收获期氮肥利用效率。其中,减氮40%配施壳聚糖(N_(0.6)C)处理下棉花株高、干物质积累量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、产量及氮肥吸收总量均最高。初花期至盛铃期,减氮40%配施壳聚糖(N_(0.6)C)处理的棉铃可溶性蛋白含量较N_(0.6)S_0提高41.39%,铃数、铃重和单株籽棉产量分别为7.85、6.79 g和46.47 g,较N_(0.6)S_0显著提高19.33%、25.60%和58.87%;减氮40%配施壳聚糖(N_(0.6)C)处理在棉花收获期氮肥吸收总量最大,为10.28 g,较N_(0.6)S_0显著提高193.71%,氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率、氮肥表观利用率分别较N_(0.6)S_0提高38.76%、116.45%、88.60%。减氮20%配施黄腐酸(N_(0.8)F)对根系形态改善幅度最大,其处理的棉株根表面积、根长度、根体积、平均直径、根尖数、分支数分别为263.91 cm~2、183.58 mm、0.21 mm~3、0.39 cm、4 073和4 842,分别较N_(0.8)S_0提高了63.56%、28.96%、305.74%、103.22%、100.16%、105.69%。减氮20%配施海藻酸(N_(0.8)A)较N_(0.8)S_0显著增加棉花铃重和铃数,提高籽棉产量和氮肥利用效率。【结论】适量减氮配施壳聚糖、黄腐酸和海藻酸促进棉花株高、叶绿素含量,协调各营养器官干物质量和可溶性蛋白向铃转运,促进成熟期氮肥积累,增加铃重和铃数,提高产量和氮肥利用效率。  相似文献   

8.
以人体推荐量的低、中、高3个剂量组的蜂胶,即5倍的低剂量组0.167 g/kg·bw,10倍的中剂量组0.333 g/kg·bw,30倍的高剂量组1.000 g/kg·bw灌胃小鼠30 d,观察其体重、脏器/体重比值、NK细胞的活性率、淋巴细胞转化率、半数溶血值和抗体生成细胞数的变化。结果表明,0.333 g/kg·bw,1.000 g/kg·bw剂量能显著提高小鼠NK细胞活性,1.000 g/kg·bw剂量能显著提高小鼠半数溶血值、抗体生成细胞数、淋巴细胞转化能力(p0.05),各剂量对小鼠体重增长、胸腺/体重比值、脾脏/体重比值均无明显影响(p0.05),表明蜂胶具有调节小鼠免疫力的功能。  相似文献   

9.
按照卫生部《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》开展试验,包括急性毒性试验、遗传毒性试验3项和30 d喂养试验。结果表明,在试验条件下健体酒(浓缩液)雌、雄性小鼠急性经口最大耐受剂量(MTD)25.2 g/kg·bw。根据急性毒性剂量分级标准,这个样品属于无毒级;遗传毒性试验结果均为阴性;大鼠的30 d喂养试验中,给予动物人体推荐剂量100倍的健体酒,未观察到有害作用。在试验条件下,健体酒具有较好的安全性。  相似文献   

10.
通过氮磷钾3414大田试验,研究了河北二季作春播马铃薯氮磷钾养分吸收规律及肥料适宜用量。结果表明:优化施肥情况下生产1 000kg马铃薯所需N、P、K量分别为4.78、0.47、4.64kg;马铃薯苗期N、P和K吸收速率分别为583.0、43.7和500.4g/(hm2·d),苗期至开花期分别为686.6、116.2、1 105.8g/(hm2·d),开花期至收获期分别为3 900.2、373.9和3 426.4g/(hm2·d),马铃薯开花后是养分吸收的关键时期;优化施肥情况下,马铃薯养分吸收量和吸收速率是不施肥处理的2倍以上。本试验条件下,N、P2O5和K2O适宜用量分别为186、86和212kg/hm2。  相似文献   

11.
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.  相似文献   

12.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

13.
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.  相似文献   

14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed.  相似文献   

15.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

16.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

17.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

18.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes.  相似文献   

19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

20.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

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