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1.
<正>近日,北京市植保站测报科开展冬小麦病虫害普查时发现,田间赤须盲蝽的虫口密度较高,一般发生田块10复网10头~20头,最高达50头。部分严重发生田块,麦叶已出现明显的白色斑点。赤须盲蝽可为害玉米、小麦、水稻、谷子等禾本科作物以及甜菜、芝麻、大豆、苜蓿、棉花等作物。原本赤须盲蝽并不是麦类的主要害虫,但随着20世  相似文献   

2.
<正>福建省植保植检总站近日发布预警信息,要求有关地区抓紧防治高山茶假眼小绿叶蝉。据介绍,福建省高山茶区的茶假眼小绿叶蝉全年为害高峰期一般在7~9月。据大田、安溪、永泰、武夷山、蕉城、尤溪、南靖、福鼎等地高山茶园近期调查,平均虫梢率30.0%、比去年同期多85.2%,平均百叶虫量16.4头、比去年同期少4.1%,大部分高山茶园虫口密度超过防治指标。综合分析,预计今年茶假眼小绿叶蝉在高山茶上偏重发生。各地务  相似文献   

3.
碧蛾蜡蝉(Geisha distinctission walker)属同翅目蛾蜡蝉科,以成若虫刺吸为害嫩梢,影响新梢生长,且受害的茶园常招致茶煤病流行,致使茶园长势衰减,产量降低,品质下降,近年来该虫在我茶区部分茶场茶园内大面积发生,虫口年际增长速度较快,大有蔓延之势。但各地只对其形态特征及生活习性进行了观察,对其若虫在空间的分布型和抽样技术  相似文献   

4.
本研究主要探究名优茶生产茶园夏秋茶采摘对翌年春茶产量影响。试验表明施肥组的发芽密度、百芽重及鲜叶产量均高于对照组与采摘组。施肥组的发芽密度最高,为95个/1109cm2。采摘组最低,为88个/1109cm2。4月6日芽叶组成汇总表表明三个组中均为一芽二叶成分最高,单芽头与对夹叶含量较低。一芽三叶百芽重施肥组重量较其他两组高,产量测定表明,施肥组产量略高于对照组。  相似文献   

5.
春茶绿盲蝽的发生与防治研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
绿盲蝽Lygus sp.属半翅目盲蝽科昆虫,是国内各地常见的一种重要茶树芽叶害虫,我省各产茶县屡遭损害。茶树是绿盲蝽的越冬寄主植物,越冬卵在春茶萌芽时孵化,若虫早春即大量剌吸危害嫩芽,若不及时防治,对春茶产量、品质均会产生较大影响。对于绿盲蝽,程呜珂、吴宏雷等曾先后在皖南山区作过一些研究报道,作者七十年代以来,结合江淮丘陵和皖西大别山茶区发生情况,进行了系列观察与试验,现将结果报告如后,期望进一步认识和控制这一害虫,亦希得到大家批评指正。  相似文献   

6.
1.常见种类及其为害对象 花卉常见的蝽类害虫主要有麻皮蝽、茶翅蝽、梨网蝽和绿盲蝽。麻皮蝽为害一串红、凤仙花、彩叶草、兰花、仙客来、瓜叶菊、八仙花和大丽花等;茶翅蝽为害一串红、菊花、矮牵牛、大丽花和彩叶草等;梨网蝽为害月季、杜鹃、樱花、西府海棠、垂丝海棠和贴梗海棠等;绿盲蝽为害碧桃、寿星桃和石榴等。  相似文献   

7.
正绿盲蝽是一种多食性害虫,寄主植物范围广泛,主要为害棉花、苜蓿、葡萄、枣树、梨树、桃树、茶树等农作物。绿盲蝽口器为刺吸式,其取食为害常导致植物生长点枯死、叶片破损、花蕾与幼果脱落、果实畸形,严重影响农作物产量与品质。最常用的防治手段为化学农药,但化学农药的大量使用,不仅能让绿盲蝽迅速产生抗药性,同时带来食品安全隐患和生态环境的污染破坏。因此,生产上迫切需要推广应用高效、环  相似文献   

8.
茶树采摘幼嫩新梢用于加工饮料茶,其产量和茶叶品质两者均受采摘标准的影响。茶叶品质研究的本身即着重于采摘标准。但采摘标准极大地依赖于采摘间隔期。在商业性茶叶生产条件下,孤立地选择某一采摘标准的芽叶是困难的;因此,可发现在采摘的鲜叶中不同采摘标准的芽叶具有不同的比例。适当采摘间隔期的选择可控制这些芽叶的比例,进而控制采摘质量和产量。有利于产量和成茶品质的最佳芽叶标准是一芽二叶,然而完全实现一芽二叶是不可能的。根据上述采摘标准和努力提高产量,某一生产茶园可通过延长采  相似文献   

9.
绿盲蝽热激蛋白90基因AlHSP90是绿盲蝽体内重要的抗逆基因,参与绿盲蝽耐受高温、杀虫剂等胁迫反应。为了明晰绿盲蝽取食不同寄主植物后其体内抗逆基因的表达特征,本试验通过荧光定量PCR和Western杂交技术,重点分析AlHSP90基因及其蛋白在绿盲蝽取食不同寄主植物后的表达谱。结果表明:绿盲蝽雌、雄成虫取食Bt棉、常规棉后,AlHSP90表达量显著高于取食其他寄主植物(P0.01);与对照四季豆相比,取食茼蒿之后AlHSP90表达量无显著变化(P0.05)。雌成虫取食Bt棉、常规棉后,AlHSP90表达量分别比对照上升了1.77、1.74倍;而雄成虫取食Bt棉、常规棉后,AlHSP90表达量则分别比对照上升了1.98、1.94倍。取食不同寄主植物之后,AlHSP90蛋白的表达谱结果与其基因的表达谱结果高度相似。绿盲蝽雌、雄成虫取食Bt棉、常规棉后,AlHSP90蛋白表达量显著高于取食其他寄主植物(P0.01);而取食茼蒿之后,AlHSP90蛋白表达量无显著变化(P0.05)。由此可见,AlHSP90基因是绿盲蝽适应棉花取食过程中重要的抗逆基因,并在绿盲蝽寄主转换过程中起到重要作用。  相似文献   

10.
一、蒙顶黄芽的特征:“扬子江中水、蒙山顶上茶”是古今广为传颂的赞誉蒙顶茶的诗句。蒙顶黄芽是蒙顶名茶传统产品之一,在茶叶分类上属黄茶类,品质特征是:形状扁直,芽肥大整齐,鲜嫩显毫,黄绿匀净,汤黄明亮,甜香浓郁;味甘而醇、叶底嫩黄。二、蒙顶黄芽鲜叶采摘:1.采摘标准:蒙顶黄芽的鲜叶要求严格、每年春分时节,茶芽争春萌发,当茶国内有10%左右的芽头鳞片展开,可开园采摘肥壮芽头,炒制特级黄芽。随时间的推移,茶芽的长大,可采一芽一叶半初展,俗称鸦雀嘴的芽头,炒制一级黄芽。但不能采摘真叶已展  相似文献   

11.
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.  相似文献   

12.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

13.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed.  相似文献   

14.
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.  相似文献   

15.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

16.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

17.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

18.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes.  相似文献   

19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

20.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

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