发挥体系作用 织密湖北种子质量监管网络

为加强春季农作物种子质量监管,规范种子生产经营行为,推进现代种业高质量发展,湖北省发挥种子检验体系作用,全面监控种子质量,不断完善种子质量监管体系,提升监管能力和服务水平。对2020年湖北省春季种子质量监管工作的做法进行了总结,分析了存在的主要问题,提出了加强种子质量监管的措施。     

湖北省农作物种子质量监管现状、问题及建议措施

为全面提升农作物种业质量水平,推动现代种业高质量发展,湖北省近年来以种子质量监控体系建设、能力建设、队伍建设和制度建设为抓手,创新工作思路,强化监管手段,开创了农作物种子质量监管和种子检验工作新局面。总结了湖北省种子质量监管与检验工作主要做法及成效,分析了当前种子质量监管存在的一些问题,提出了下一步工作建议与措施。     

江西省农作物种子检验员考核工作实践与体会

农作物种子检验人员素质高低关系种子检验工作的有效开展。2006-2015年江西省认真落实种子检验员考核制度,采取了一系列新的举措和机制,取得了显著成果。十年的工作实践值得回顾,建立的有效新机制值得借鉴。对江西省农作物种子检验员考核工作十年实践取得的成效进行梳理,对主要做法与体会进行归纳总结,为农作物种子管理工作改革和发展提供参考。     

影响农作物种子检验结果的因素和质量控制

农作物种子检验是种子质量监管和解决种子质量纠纷的重要手段。结合工作实际，对影响农作物种子检验结果的因素进行科学分析，归纳总结出以检验人员、仪器设备、检测方法等为主的9个做好种子检验工作的要素，切实加强实验室质量控制，保证对外出具的、有证明作用的数据科学准确。     

江西省农作物种子检验能力验证样品制备工作总结及体会

把好种子检验能力验证样品制备关,是农作物种子质量检验机构能力考评和种子生产经营企业检验室能力评估的关键环节。对2011-2017年间江西省承担全国农作物种子质量检验机构和种子生产经营企业检验室的能力验证样品制备任务进行了回顾,对主要做法和经验进行了疏理和总结,提出了相关建议,为促进农作物种子检验能力验证样品制备工作进一步规范有效提供参考。     

农作物种子检验的意义、内容与展望

农作物种子检验是农业生产的根基，扎实做好农作物种子检验工作确保种子质量，对维护农民权益和种子产品国际化至关重要。本文阐述了种子检验的内容、意义、存在的问题和未来发展方向，以供相关人员参考。     

农作物种子检验的策略及方法探究

我国作为一个农业大国,一直十分重视农业的发展。近几年,由于自然环境破坏严重,很多农作物种子都出现了较大的问题。为保证国家的农业发展进步,需要加强农作物种子检验工作,一方面将不合格的种子彻底杜绝和消除,另一方面提高种子质量,加强种子检验水平,对每年的农作物收成、质量提供更多的保障。针对农作物种子检验的作用、策略及方法展开讨论,并提出合理化建议。     

种子企业如何提高种子质量自检水平

种子是具有生命的特殊商品，是农作物各种优良性状的载体，是农业生产最基本的生产资料。种子在农业生产上能否表现高产、优质、高效，除决定于品种好坏以外，还取决于种子质量。种子质量的优劣要通过种子检验来判定。因此，种子企业对种子检验工作普遍关注，研究种子企业种子检验工作存在的问题，探讨种子企业提高种子质量自检水平的途径和措施显得至关重要。[第一段]     

农作物种子的扦样程序及存在的问题

扦样是种子检验的重要环节,扦取的样品有无代表性决定着种子检验结果是否有效。因此,在扦样中有一个合理的扦样程序．保证送到检验室的样品能准确代表被检验种子批的质量,是种子检验工作的源头环节。现根据《农作物种子检验规程》（简称《规程》）规定．结合业务工作实践,对农作物种子扦样程序及工作中存在的问题阐述如下。     

管理体系文件编制及运行过程中的问题分析

种子检验机构按照农业部《农作物种子质量检验机构考核管理办法》和《农作物种子质量检验机构考核准则》编制质量管理体系文件。笔者结合自己的工作实际,对基层种子检验机构在管理体系文件编制及运行过程中容易出现的问题进行了分析,并提出了解决方案。     

Combining ability of seed vigor and seed yield in soybean

Studies have shown no consensus in relationships between seed yield and vigor in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The lack of information regarding the inheritance of seed vigor prompted this study to determine the types of gene action and combining ability estimates for seed vigor and its related traits. Five high and six low seed vigor soybean genotypes were crossed in a diallel, and selfed to produce 55 F₂ progenies, which were examined, along with the parents, for seed vigor, yield, and seed weight. Significant genotype and environment effects were found for seed vigor and yield. General combining ability (GCA) effects for seed vigor and seed yield were significant (p≤ 0.01) and larger than specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Significant GCA and SCA effects were found for seed weight, indicating that both additive and non additive genetic effects were involved in conditioning seed weight. The ratios of mean square, 2GCA / (2GCA+SCA), were 0.96 for seed vigor and 0.93 for seed yield. These ratios indicated that additive gene effects were more important than non additive gene effects for seed vigor and seed yield in these crosses. Mean seed vigor(83.8%), as determined by accelerated aging germination, and mean seed yield (2,155 kg ha^-1)in high vigor × high vigor crosses were higher than the high vigor × low vigor and low vigor × low vigor crosses. Mean percent accelerated aging germination rates in F₂ populations from diallel crosses were significantly related to mid-parent seed vigor(r² = 0.52^**) and midparent seed size (r² = 0.31^**). These results indicated that levels of seed vigor can be improved through breeding, while maintaining high yields because of the predominance of GCA effects in both seed vigor and seed yield. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

棉种贮藏与种子活力

棉花杂交种的生产是一项技术要求高,人力物力投入大的工作.这也是杂交棉一直停留在试验示范阶段的重要原因之一.随着近年来棉花制种技术的不断改进和完善,种子生产成本已大大降低.     

把握种子商品特性 减少种子质量纠纷

实现作物生产目标,种子是内因,品种所要求适应的生产条件是外因,内因和外因密切配合才能达到作物生产目标.在市场经济条件下,作物生产目标一般是高产、优质和高经济效益.只有种子经营者和种子使用者对品种种子质量(尤其是其内在的生产性能和它所要求的生产条件)全面深刻掌握与认知,种子经营者重点对种子质量负责,种子使用者重点对满足品种(种子)要求的生产条件负责,农业职能部门重点对种子质量进行控制和对种子市场进行监管.三方相互支撑,就能从根本上防止种子纠纷的发生.     

完善种子加工工序提升企业竞争能力

现有种子加工工艺流程基本可以满足当前种子加工的需要；如何在此基础上完善种子加工工序，进一步提高种子质量，增强企业竞争能力是众多种子企业所面临的新的问题；笔者根据多年来从事种子加工工艺研究的经验，提出完善种子加工工序的思路，供相关种子加工企业学习、借鉴。     

Genetic control of seed weight and calcium concentration in chickpea seed

Chickpea, Cicer arietinum L., is a staple protein source in many Asian and Middle Eastern countries. Hence, the mineral content of its seed, especially that of calcium, is of nutritional importance. Calcium is transported through plants and to legume pods almost exclusively via the xylem stream, with Ca accretion in developing seeds resulting primarily from diffusion of Ca from the adjoining pod wall. Thus, for seeds of differing surface‐to‐mass ratios, Ca concentration is expected to correlate inversely with seed weight. The relationship between seed weight and Ca concentration in chickpea seeds was studied using a range of germplasm and derivatives from crosses between types differing in seed Ca concentration. Among the cultivars tested, low seed mass was associated with high Ca concentration. However, the study of hybrid progeny indicated that seed Ca content was mainly determined by genetic factors other than grain weight genes. This finding may assist in future breeding of high nutritional quality chickpea cultivars.     

Sunflower seed yield as influenced by some agronomic and seed characters

Summary An investigation was made to the interrelationships of agronomic and seed characters and their effect upon seed yield. Twenty genotypes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) from diverse origin were studied in spring and autumn season, 1989.Most of the studied characters exhibited different relationships in spring and autumn seasons. The correlations between plant height and oil content, 100-achene weight and number of achenes per head and plant height and head diameter were, however, consistent in both seasons and across the seasons. Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified six relevant characters on which path analysis was done.Path analysis indicated that yield components like head diameter, number of achenes per head and 100-achene weight had comparatively smaller direct effects on seed yield (0.22, 0.15 and 0.23, respectively). Days to physiological maturity, plant height and oil content had relatively stronger direct effects on seed yield (0.33, 0.38 and 0.29, respectively). Days to physiological maturity, plant height and head diameter had considerable indirect effects. Head diameter, 100-achene weight and number of achenes per head were indentified as selection criteria for yield improvement.     

完善种子执法体系 服务种子产业发展

<种子法>的颁布实施,标志着农作物种子管理工作提升至了法律的高度,农业行政主管部门成为法定的种子执法主体.随着种子产业化进程的推进,各类种子违法行为的手段也不断翻新.种子执法体系暴露出了一些亟需改进的问题.如何进一步完善种子执法体系,有效保护农业生产安全,维护农民、种子企业和科研单位的合法权益,是一个必须加以关注和解决的问题.     

安徽种业发展种子生产的新思路

随着种子市场的活跃和发展,扩大销售、追求利润成为企业管理的首要任务。在经营过程中,大家的注意力重点集中在市场的研发上,对优质种子的生产关注不是很多,忽视了经营的基础是优质的种子。种业要想在价格竞争中取胜,首先要降低种子生产成本,分散生产风险,增强种子竞争的价格比较优势。目前安徽种业种子生产面临着四川、江苏种业的强劲挑战,面对入世与挑战,如何发展种子生产,值得关注和探讨。1种子生产现状目前,我省种子公司的生产制种,采取“公司+农户”的生产模式。这种生产模式能确保公司种子来源稳定,增加农民收入,具有一定积极意义。但…     

农作物四级种子生产程序研究与中国种子产业化

农作物四级种子生产程序研究自1988年立 题,在1989-1993年“河南省黄淮海平原小麦良种基地建设及综合技术开发”项目中进入实质性研究与实施阶段。1996年开始又正式列入河南省政府“九五”攻关计划,由河南省农业大专院校、科研和种子部门的10多个单位协作,在河南省范围内的主要作物上进行     

多胺代谢和种子萌发

多胺作为一种生物活性物质广泛参与了植物的生长发育过程。种子萌发是植物个体发育的重要阶段。本文将以多胺参与种子萌发这一过程的代谢变化，并与植物激素的相互作用对种子萌发的影响作一综述。