原药市场高位盘整 市场成交偏向高端 6月原药与中间体市场行情分析

正6月份市场进入了麦收小淡季,市场零星补货,但前期供需失衡状况仍然继续,供应端的紧张并未带动需求端的转暖,市场消化原有库存为主。部分品种随着市场库存的逐步消化,市场成交偏向高端,价格出现上行。除草剂方面,草甘膦原药价格回落,但氟磺胺草醚原药、灭草松原药等品种依旧供应紧张;酰胺类除草剂受中间体上调价格的影响,市场价格出现上调。杀虫剂方面,烯啶虫胺原药供应偏     

3月各地切花市场行情

北京本期大部分品种价格回落,但本期末玫瑰类、百合类因受产地价格上涨等多种因素影响,本地市场供应量减少,导致短时价格上涨迅速。玫瑰本期该品类均价全面回落,但因市场供应量较小,仍有短时价格暴涨现象出现。与上期相比,‘卡罗拉’均价1.90元/支,下     

规模养猪四注意

1．选择对路品种选择母猪时应优先考虑当地品种，当地品种猪适应性好、耐粗饲、应激反应少，母猪性情温驯、性成熟早、发情症状明显、受胎率高、产仔数多、母性强、易管理。近几年，在饲养杂交猪的大潮中，本地纯种母猪日渐减少，甚至很难见到，应尽量选择具有本地猪血统的母猪，繁育的后代容易销售，价格较高。公猪应选择瘦肉率高、生长发育快、体格高大的国外引进品种，过去最受欢迎的是杜洛克，现在长白、皮特兰也很有市场，但皮特兰猪应激反应强烈，后代的生长发育易受条件限制，引种时应引起高度重视。     

不同品种复合肥对番茄产量的影响

为研究不同品种复合肥与本地牛圈粪在同等价格投入和同等种植水平下,对番茄生长和产量的影响,特开展了不同品种复合肥对番茄产量影响的试验研究。试验结果表明:在番茄种植上应用不同种类的复合肥作为底肥和追肥,对番茄的生长和产量等各个性状均具有一定的影响,但是效果不明显。     

引进耐低温康乃馨 利于提高经济效益

作为著名的切花,康乃馨在市场上已很多见。但在寒冬,由于花卉稀少且适逢年节,其价格往往上涨很大,1支的价格可与春夏5—10支的价格相平。因此,如能引进可在一般低温下多开花的优良耐寒品种进行栽培,则可缓解这一矛盾。近几年日本利用荷兰、法国的优良香石竹品种加以筛选研究,已获得多类型的良种。上海长征温室厂特从日本引入4个不同类型的品种于本厂花卉基地进行对比试验。采取同样土地、同     

魔芋间作试验简报

魔芋在毕节市的栽培种植 ,历年来农民都不把它放在主要位置 ,近几年魔芋市场价格好需求量提高 ,人们种植魔芋的面积也逐渐增大 ,但是由于以前没有规范化种植 ,只是在玉米地或种植其它作物的地里乱种魔芋 ,导致了魔芋产量不高。为了不影响其它作物的产量 ,又能夺取魔芋高产 ,取得可观的经济效益 ,进行了魔芋与玉米间作栽培试验研究。1　材料与方法1 .1　供试品种花魔芋或本地常规品种。1 .2　供试土壤供试土壤土质中性 ,肥沃且是疏松爽水沙质壤土。1 .3　试验方法1 .3.1　试验设计试验设在毕节市杨家湾杨箐村 6组农户周遵荣、顾尚寻地块上进…     

去产能、去库存形势下的毒死蜱市场以淡稳为主

正目前,我国农药上下游产业均以"去产能、去库存"为主脉络。整个行业虽有国内环保安全新常态对产能释放的限制与价格上行的蓄力刺激,但也受制于出口市场低迷,以及农产品价格低迷的影响原药与中间体市场继续筑底低位运行,悲观的市场情绪继续蔓延,市场抛货增多。港口出口货源不断冲击国内市场,市场价格不断创出新低,市场行情下跌加速。杀虫剂产品受近期政府采购及品种生产集中度提升的影响,吡蚜酮原药、水胺硫磷原药货源吃紧,一货难求,但杀虫剂整体市场低迷态势     

都市绿叶蔬菜价格预测预警研究的思考

在明确都市绿叶蔬菜价格预测预警研究的重要性与必要性的基础上,系统梳理了国内外农产品价格预测预警相关研究涉及的农产品品种、价格类型和空间尺度,农产品价格预测预警的方法与模型,主要分析方法与模型的特点及适用条件,并对今后都市绿叶蔬菜价格预测预警研究的发展方向进行了展望。研究认为:国内外农产品价格预测预警研究取得了丰富的研究成果,但对绿叶菜价格预测预警的系统研究并不多见。应建立完善科学、规范、统一、符合预测预警需要的绿叶菜价格基础数据库,以提供高效的数据支撑。在现有技术条件下,结合预测精度、数据要求等,可以尝试选用两种以上方法建立组合模型,特别是结合季节预测模型和时间序列模型来预测绿叶菜价格,以便得出更符合实际的预测结果。应根据绿叶蔬菜特点,将其品种和所用数据的时间频率进行分类,选择相适应的预测预警模型。     

来自苏州农村的调查显示——下半年农资市场趋稳

<正> 今年上半年苏州农资市场形势看好,呈现出了市场回升、价格上涨的态势,部分品种出现了多年不见的紧张状态。展望下半年农资市场趋势如何?最近,笔者赴各地调查后分析预测,下半年苏州农资市场总的趋势是:需求有所下降,品种结构变化,供求矛盾趋缓,价格有所回落。具体品种的供求趋势是: 化肥:需求有所下降。由于农田面积继续减少和农村种植结构发生变化,下半年化肥需求量将比上年同期下降10%左右,但品种间有升有降,化肥需求结构将发生重大变化。今年上半年化肥市场由于全面回升,价格上升幅度较大,至5月上旬价格达到顶峰,之后有所回落。预测下半年价格将稳中有降。但     

雷山县"稻田免耕、稻草覆盖"脱毒马铃薯品比试验初探

采用“稻田免耕、稻草覆盖”栽培技术和随机区组试验方法，对脱毒种薯“中薯5号”、“津八”、“坝薯10号”、“费乌瑞它”与本地品种进行了品比试验。结果表明：脱毒马铃薯良种长势、产量等都明显优于本地品种(米拉)。     

不同品种稻花鲤肌肉中脂肪酸组成比较分析

对相同养殖条件下的3个不同品种稻花鲤开展其肌肉中脂肪酸组成及含量的测定分析,以期为稻田养殖品系的优化选择提供科学依据。结果表明：福瑞鲤肌肉粗脂肪含量显著低于瓯江彩鲤和本地鲤(P＜0.05)；本地鲤、福瑞鲤和瓯江彩鲤3种稻花鲤肌肉中均检测出16种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成种类基本相似；亚油酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、棕榈一烯酸和a-亚麻酸的含量占脂肪酸总量的92%以上；不饱和脂肪酸占比分别达到(73.52±0.13)%、(75.67±0.07)%和(75.69±0.19)%；福瑞鲤肌肉中多不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸的相对含量均显著高于本地鲤和瓯江彩鲤(P＜0.05),表明福瑞鲤稻花鱼具有比本地鲤和瓯江彩鲤稻花鱼更为优良的脂肪酸营养和肉质风味。     

不同栽培条件下水稻分蘖角度动态变化分析

110161沈阳市东陵路120号沈阳农业大学水稻研究所     

不同产地滇重楼光合作用能力探究

通过对比不同产地滇重楼与相同产地不同来源滇重楼的光合作用能力,研究其生理适应性,以期为滇重楼引种种植及资源保护提供理论基础。利用LI-6800光合作用仪,检测分析不同产地相同品种与相同产地不同来源滇重楼的光合生理的变化模式。结果表明,采自滇西产地滇重楼的光合能力均高于滇东南产地,但差异较大;滇东南产地滇重楼的光合速率差异不大,但其数值低于滇西产地。而不同产地的滇重楼移栽到相同环境下,其叶片气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)以及水分利用效率(WUE)值均低于当地品种,而胞间CO₂浓度与环境CO₂浓度的比值(Ci/Ca)则高于当地品种,移栽后的品种光合能力低于当地品种。研究认为,滇西地区所产滇重楼比滇东南地区光合作用能力更强,以大理州永平县滇重楼尤为突出,而移栽后的品种光合能力以及水分利用率低于当地品种。因此在滇重楼的栽培中,应筛选栽培地产的品种进行人工扩大化种植。     

不同细毛山药品种矿质元素含量的研究

为了探明细毛山药不同品种在矿质营养成分方面的特性,收集了当地主栽的5个细毛山药品种进行了试验。结果表明,细毛山药矿质元素含量具有品种间差异性。不同品种之间干物质含量有着显著差异,以TG品种最高,NT品种最低。试验对5个品种的矿物质含量进行了分析,发现在试验的所有品种内,矿物质含量的变化趋势都表现为:钾>镁>钙>钠>铁>铝>锌>铜>锰>镍>铬>铅>钴;但在不同品种间,各个元素含量有明显差异,其中大量元素钾、镁的含量在品种间有显著差异;在微量元素中,铁、锰、铬的含量也在品种间有显著性差异;其他所测量的各种矿质元素在品种间没有显著性差异。同时,还测量了砷、硒、镉3种元素,可能由于含量太低而没有检出。对1~3年不同种龄的山药产品进行了元素分析,发现其元素含量趋势与上述一致,但没有发现种龄对山药矿质元素含量有显著影响。     

嫁接对冬春茬茄子果实营养品质的影响

研究了不同接穗、砧木品种对冬春茬嫁接茄子果实营养品质的影响。结果表明,接穗品种黑旋风的果实营养品质综合分析优于紫长茄;以托洛巴姆为砧木的嫁接苗果实营养品质综合评价较赤茄更为突出;在六个处理中,组合黑旋风/托洛巴姆果实的营养品质最优。因此嫁接能够提高茄子果实中营养物质含量,但茄子品种不同,果实营养品质不同;砧木品种不同对果实品质的影响也不同。     

Genomics,genetics and breeding of common bean in Africa: A review of tropical legume project

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume crop worldwide. The International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and its national partners in Africa aim to overcome production constraints of common bean and address the food, nutrition needs and market demands through development of multitrait bean varieties. Breeding is guided by principles of market‐driven approaches to develop client‐demanded varieties. Germplasm accessions from especially two sister species, P. coccineus and P. acutifolius, have been utilized as sources of resistance to major production constraints and interspecific lines deployed. Elucidation of plant mechanisms governing pest and disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance and grain nutritional quality guides the selection methods used by the breeders. Molecular markers are used to select for resistance to key diseases and insect pests. Efforts have been made to utilize modern genomic tools to increase scale, efficiency, accuracy and speed of breeding. Through gender‐responsive participatory variety selection, market‐demanded varieties have been released in several African countries. These new bean varieties are a key component of sustainable food systems in the tropics.     

海南硅高效水稻的筛选及硅吸收特征

为了深入研究水稻硅营养机理,通过盆栽和小区试验在施硅（低硅）和不施用硅（缺硅）条件下,比较了25个海南主要栽培水稻品种产量的变化,筛选出了硅高效水稻,并探讨了施用硅对水稻产量构成、硅吸收特点的影响。结果表明：产量或稻草干重可以作为筛选的指标,得到10个硅高效水稻品种（系）,其中不耐低硅的4个,耐低硅的6个;施用硅肥对不同品种的成穗数、穗粒数和千粒重的影响不尽相同;施用硅肥对水稻的株高影响在多数品种间并不显著,提高了3个品种株高;谷壳中的硅含量在不同的品种间差异显著;在不施用硅的条件下稻草硅的含量没有显著差异,不过施用硅后硅高效品种更能显著提高稻草硅含量;施用硅后硅高效品种稻米硅的含量比硅不敏感品种的增加的更快,其中耐低硅的硅高效水稻施用硅后提高更显著。硅高效水稻地上部分各器官硅含量能敏感地响应硅的变化,不过产量构成对硅的响应特征不尽相同。     

Comparison of European with West Asian and North African winter barleys in tolerance to boron toxicity

Three plastic-house experiments were conducted to compare the tolerance of European with West Asian and North African (WANA) winter barleys to boron (B) toxicity. Experiment I screened 24 winter barley entries with diverse origins. Experiment III tested 420 random accessions from seven European and seven WANA countries. Plants were screened in a soil mixed with boric acid (50 mg B/kg) and foliar B-toxicity symptom scores were recorded. Lower scores indicated higher B-toxicity tolerance. In Experiment II, five lines/varieties from each of the European and WANA groups were grown in pots with two soil B levels (0 and 25 mg B/kg). The West Asian landrace barleys had a lower mean B-toxicity symptom score than the European ones. The Syrian landrace variety normally grown in drier areas had a lower score than the Syrian landrace variety grown in wetter areas. Dry weights of the European and WANA groups were not different without adding B, but dry weight under 25 mg B/kg was lower for the European group than the WANA group. European accessions had a higher mean B-toxicity symptom score than the WANA accessions. Iranian and Afghan accessions had the lowest mean scores among countries. These results support the hypothesis that European winter barley varieties and accessions are less tolerant to B toxicity than those WANA accessions and varieties developed from local landraces. The lower B-toxicity tolerance could be a factor adversely affecting the performance of European winter barley varieties in the highlands of WANA. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

山西省中晚熟玉米种植区不同品种穗部性状差异分析

【研究目的】为山西中晚熟玉米种植区农户选择合适的种植玉米品种及辨别不同玉米品种提供科学数据支撑。【研究方法】采用7种当地主推品种进行随机区组设计,采用宽行密植栽培技术,收获后考种测量穗部性状及产量。【结果】研究发现：(1)先玉335产量相比其他品种仍为最高,军玉288次之。太玉811在产量相关指标方面均低于其他品种;(2)除协玉4号之外,各品种中影响穗粗的基因表达相近,且品种差异对穗行数及穗长影响显著,但有些品种之间差异并不显著,反映出当前市场上有些品种的遗传背景较为相近;(3)军玉288应通过一定的栽培措施降低秃顶长度,且反应出除协玉3号与协玉4号之外其他品种在控制轴粗方面的基因相近,而现在的育种目标追求细轴,因此协玉3号与协玉4号应在轴粗方面进行相关改进。在山西中晚熟玉米种植区选取玉米品种时不同品种的产量差异并不显著,产量相关性状差异也不显著,但在一些外部形状、抗逆性、适应机械化收获等方面差异显著。【结论】先玉335的综合性状在这些品种中为最优。且有些性状的表现反映出这些品种的遗传背景相近,说明我国玉米遗传资源狭窄,因此今后在玉米育种过程中应在遗传资源的拓展、抗逆性的提高及适应机械化收获等方面进一步进行深入研究探索。     

Participatory plant breeding in maize: A case study from Gujarat, India

This paper describes how plant breeders and farmers worked together to produce improved varieties of maize for the low-resource farmers of the Panchmahals district of Gujarat, India. Initially, farmers tested a range of maize varieties in a participatory varietal selection (PVS) programme. However, none of these proved to be very popular with farmers, although farmers who had more fertile fields adopted the variety Shweta from Uttar Pradesh. Hence, in 1994 a participatory plant breeding (PPB)programme was begun to generate new, more appropriate varieties. Yellow- and white-endospermed maize varieties were crossed that had been either adopted to some extent following PVS or had attributes, such as very early maturity,that farmers had said were desirable. In subsequent generations, the population was improved by mass selection for traits identified by farmers. In some generations,farmers did this in populations which were grown by breeders on land rented from a farmer. Soil fertility management was lower than that normally used on the research-station. The breeding programme produced several varieties that have performed well in research-station and on-farm trials. One of them, GDRM-187, has been officially released as GM-6 for cultivation in hill areas of Gujarat state,India. It yielded 18% more than the local control in research-station trials, while being seven days earlier to silk. In farmers' fields, where average yields were lower, the yield advantage was 28% and farmers perceived GDRM-187 to have better grain quality than local landraces. PPB produced a variety that was earlier to mature than any of those produced by conventional maize breeding, and took fewer years to do so. The returns from PPB,compared to conventional breeding, are higher because it is cheaper and benefits to farmers are realised earlier. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.