草坪除草千万别忽视飘移药害

<正>草坪,尤其是高尔夫球场草坪的化学除草,往往对邻近的作物、果树和其他树木造成飘移药害,在一些地方,除草剂的飘移药害有日趋严重的趋势,值得引起注意。     

介绍一个耐受草甘膦的春大豆突变系

我国大豆苗后化学除草剂的需求日增,但目前尚无理想的除草剂。草甘膦兼具不污染环境、价廉高效和广谱的优点,在我国的生产量已居首位。可惜草甘膦在田间除草的同时也杀伤大豆。至今未见报道有田间实用水平的抗草甘膦大豆。美国Hartwig [1987 Weed Science35(Suppl.1):4]田间...     

灭生性除草剂中的“四大金刚”之一——敌草快为何多年隐居幕后?

正百草枯、敌草快、草甘膦和草铵膦,被称为灭生性除草剂中的"四大金刚",它们有很多相似之处又各具特色。百草枯戛然落幕,草铵膦华丽逆袭,草甘膦江湖地位牢固,但是敌草快却深陷尴尬境地。敌草快属于非选择性触杀型除草剂,稍有传导性。适用于阔叶杂草占优势的地块除草,还可作为种子植物干燥剂,也可用于马铃薯、棉花、大豆、玉米、高粱、亚麻、向日葵等作物催枯剂。当处理成熟作物时,残余的绿色部分和杂草     

喷施噻苯·敌草隆加草甘膦异丙胺盐对棉花田田旋花有较好的防效且安全

正为了提高田旋花的防除效果,明确脱叶剂混配草甘膦异丙胺盐对棉花产量及品质的影响,研究人员在棉花收获期开展第二次叶面喷施540g/L噻苯·敌草隆脱叶剂时加入质量分数41%草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂7500m L/hm~2的效果试验,以常规喷施脱叶剂为对照。结果表明:第二次药后7天,处理     

冬油菜苗期化学除草效果和经济效益研究

为筛选出经济、高效、安全的化学除草方法,有效控制油菜田间杂草危害,提高油菜产量和种植效益,通过试验,研究了2种化学除草剂不同使用浓度的安全性和苗期化学除草效果,并以人工除草和不除草方法为对照,对比分析不同除草方法的投入和产出情况。结果表明：不同除草方法间油菜产量差异显著;化学除草方法对油菜田间杂草有较好的防除效果,并可显著降低油菜生产的劳动力和生产成本投入,进而提高经济效益;不同化学除草方法均于施药35天后表现出较好的除草效果;每公顷用21.2%喹·胺·草除灵悬浮剂900 mL于油菜4—5叶期、杂草3—4叶期兑水900 kg及时喷施的方法除草效果好,对油菜生长安全,可以作为冬油菜田的苗期化学除草方法在生产上应用。     

需求复苏 库存低位 环保约束 草甘膦有望开启新一轮景气周期

正草甘膦占据除草剂半壁江山,约占全球除草剂市场48%,主要施用于转基因作物如大豆、玉米和棉花。中国是草甘膦生产大国,目前是农药出口量和出口金额最大的一个品种。供给拉动市场空间替代草甘膦除草剂目前尚需时日,这主要得益于其优异的除草性能。草甘膦在全球广泛使用二十年之后才出现了第一个有记录的耐药性案例。其次,孟山都等种子公司建立了抗草甘膦种子——草甘膦产业链竞争体系,草甘膦     

15%2甲·草甘膦被业界看好

<正>本刊讯10月23日,重庆树荣化工有限公司15%2甲·草甘膦发布会在广州举行,产品独特的卖点和优异的除草效果受到众多经销商的关注。据了解,国内市场上热销的10%草甘膦使用后不仅对生态环境造成严重的环境污染,同时也威胁人类的健     

抗草甘膦转基因大豆对根际和非根际土壤酶活性的影响

以抗草甘膦转基因大豆AZ04及其受体亲本非转基因大豆A04为材料,研究抗草甘膦转基因大豆对根际与非根际土壤酶活性的影响,为抗除草剂转基因大豆对土壤生态系统及安全性评价提供理论依据。研究结果表明,抗草甘膦转基因与受体亲本非转基因大豆根际与非根际土壤酶活性变化趋势相似,并且根际土壤酶活性均高于同一时期非根际土壤酶活性。转基因大豆与其受体亲本非转基因大豆根际和非根际土壤中,土壤脲酶活性随时间增长而逐渐增加,大豆出苗后整个生育期大多数时间内转基因大豆根际土壤脲酶活性极显著高于非转基因大豆。转基因、非转基因大豆根际和非根际土壤中的过氧化物酶呈现先增长后波动的趋势,蛋白酶和多酚氧化酶呈现先增加后降低的趋势。相关性分析表明转基因大豆对根际及非根际土壤酶活性具有一定的影响。     

草甘膦抗性及其技术改进探讨

<正>作为一种广谱的、用量最大的除草剂,草甘膦是目前世界上最常用的除草剂。在农业除草实践中,大量地使用草甘膦可减少人工成本,降低农本,提高功效,促进全球免耕技术的推广与应用。然而,随着草甘膦大量、长期的     

草甘膦在防除苗圃杂草中的应用探究

化学除草在苗圃育苗、造林和幼林抚育工作中发挥着重要的作用,是提升苗圃生产水平,推进苗圃集约化生产的重要手段之一。而草甘膦作为一种成本低、效果好的除草剂,应用于苗圃可达到理想的防除杂草效果。基于此,对草甘膦应用于苗圃的方法与作用进行分析,以供参考。     

玉米预防转基因漂移试纸条快速检测方法

本研究旨在使用试纸条检测方法在玉米苗期从常规玉米育种材料中发现转基因植株,以预防非预期的转基因漂移。以转基因和非转基因玉米为材料,以笔者过去开展转基因玉米材料筛选的经验总结为基础,开发出试纸条快速检测方法。本研究介绍了检测所需用品和取样方法,并且详细讨论了样品数量、操作步骤及注意事项等。还具体演示分析了2个典型检测案例的过程和结果。本方法的操作步骤简便易学,适合专业和非专业育种者或检测人员对田间材料在自查或检验中使用。熟练掌握试纸条快速检测法,能有效筛查和预防由于花粉或种子非预期混杂造成的转基因漂移。     

Lattice Drift Technic of the Single Integral of Matrix Function and its Applications

We have set up the lattice drift technic of the single integral of matrix function and expounded in detail its special mathematical meaning; and appied this technic in the lattice calculation of the general rotation operator matrix for the quantum system in discrete bases, and using the results obtained, we calculate the evolution ratio of the probabitity distribution for the two-dimensional superposition states under the action of a general rotation operator.     

Drift error compensation algorithm for fiber optic gyro based on T-S fuzzy modeling

A drift error nonlinear compensation algorithm for Fiber Optic Gyro (FOG) is presented based on T-S fuzzy model with the antecedent parameters identified by G-K clustering algorithm and the error model of T-S fuzzy model with the consequent parameters identified by least square algorithm. The computed results show that this model can compensate the original data effectively, while the error principles of FOG do not need to be understood well. Comparing with the original data, compensation with linear fitting and compensation with neural network, the absolute error of the proposed model reduces by 99%, 96% and 10%, respectively. The error variance reduces by 99%, 98% and 20%, respectively. The results indicate that this proposed algorithm can be simply operated with high precision and easy to realize in engineering.     

The Prediction of Dynamic Phenomenon of Stope and Drift Faces in Yan Shi Tai Coal Mine

According to the characteristics of dynamic phenomenon of stope and drift facesin Yan Shi Tai Coal mine,the prediction system is set up on the basis of fuzzy method.With thismethod ,the forecasts of dynamic phenomen on are carried out.The preliminary application showsthat it is feasible to predict the dynamic phenomenon of stope and drift faces using this method.     

Vehicle Lateral Stability Control Based on Sliding Model Control

In view of the vehicle cornering or path changing under ultimate handling maneuver, a 3-DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamics model which takes the vehicle lateral velocity, yaw rate and body roll angle as the State variables is presented. Based on the dynamic analysis, the method which using additional yaw moment produced by different longitudinal braking force among each wheels to improving vehicle handling stability in emergency situations is discussed. Considering the sideslip angle as one of the vehicle state variables is difficult to measuring, the sideslip angle estimation based on vehicle dynamic model and kinematics is designed. And then, based on the theory of siding model control, the combining sliding model control system is founded, which taking the vehicle yaw rate and body side-slip angle errors between the estimated and the real as the input variables, and taking the braking torque and the steering angle as control aims. The simulation results indicate that the control method can effectively improve the vehicle lateral handling stability.     

Adaptive Iterative Learning Control of Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Control Direction

An adaptive iterative learning control scheme is proposed for a class of mismatched nonlinear systems with periodic uncertainties and unknown control directions. The control algorithm has the following three features;the control method does not need control direction information; the periodic uncertainties are learned online by a learning control method; and the algorithm can deal with mismatched uncertainties. The proposed method can achieve asymptotical convergence along a learning repetition horizon. A simulation example is provided can demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the control strategy.     

Simulation Research of Control Parameters in Induction Motor Vector Control System

In order to obtain the effect rules of control parameters of speed regulator on performance indexes of induction vector-controlled system and the setting rules of control parameters of speed regulator,according to rotor flux oriented control principle,a vector control model of induction motor is established and simulated with the software of Matlab/Simulink.This vector control system is proved that it possesses good static and dynamic performance.This paper analyzes the effect of control parameters' variations of speed regulator on performance indexes and gives simulation results.     

马铃薯种薯质量控制实用技术

1播种前的质量控制 1.1选择种植区域 适宜的种植区域是种薯质量控制的基本条件--海拔高、积温低、无霜期短、生长期内日照时间长、昼夜温差大、病虫害发生较轻. 1.2选地 选择土质疏松的砂壤土,有机质含量高,不易积水,至少3a没种植过马铃薯或茄科作物,如茄子、青椒、番茄、烟草等的地块.交通便利,远离商品薯种植地块,正常年景雾天少,土壤pH值6～7,上茬没有使用过任何除草剂.     

根际促生菌的生防机理及用作生防制剂的潜能

植物根际促生菌是一类可以显著提高植物生活力或植物抗病害能力的天然土壤细菌,除可经由多种途径促进植物的营养吸收与物质积累、提高植物的各项生长参数与生理生化指标外,其还可通过多种途径对植物病害加以防治。根际促生菌的生物防治活性依赖于其在植物根际的定殖,并经由特定生防活性物质的分泌、对植物系统抗性的诱导来加以实现。利用根际促生菌在植物根际的定殖,可对植物病害病原菌的生长造成抑制,这对于一些难以使用化学药剂进行防治的植物病害十分关键。本文论述了根际促生菌的生物防治机理,并探讨了将根际促生菌用作植物病害的生物防治剂的可能性,可为生态农业的发展提供了新思路。