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1.
灌溉后不同处理方式对土壤水分蒸发过程的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
土壤蒸发是土壤损失水分的重要途径,在北方旱区土壤蒸发失水量可达同期降水量的50%或更多,小麦全生育期棵间土壤蒸发占农田蒸散量的66%。因此,研究土壤水分蒸发过程和减少土壤表面水分蒸发途径对于寻找高效合理的水资源利用方式具有重要意义。利用称重式蒸渗仪初步研究了灌溉后不同处理措施对土壤水分蒸发过程的影响。结果表明,秸秆覆盖和高留茬对土壤水分蒸发的抑制作用主要表现在灌溉后土壤含水量较高的阶段内;天气晴朗条件下日蒸发强度在10:30左右即达最大值,秸秆覆盖和高留茬处理使其出现时间滞后;土壤含水量较高时松土对土壤水分蒸发无抑制作用,而在土壤含水量降低到一定程度时松土能明显抑制土壤水分蒸发。  相似文献   

2.
种植行距对冬小麦田土壤蒸发与水分利用的影响   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23       下载免费PDF全文
农田土壤蒸发不参与作物的生理和生产过程,属非生产性无效耗水。本研究采用Micro-lysimeters(MLS)对不同种植行距的麦田土壤蒸发测定结果表明,土壤蒸发随种植行距的增加而增大,窄行距种植的小麦冠层盖度较大,有利于抑制土壤蒸发。整个生育期7.5cm、15.0cm和30.0cm行距土壤蒸发分别为89.1mm、104.2mm和121.9mm,以15cm为对照,7.5cm行距麦田对土壤蒸发的抑制率为14.5%,而30cm行距麦田土壤蒸发增加17.0%。  相似文献   

3.
控制性交替隔沟灌溉对甜椒农田蒸散特征的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在张掖地区进行甜椒田间试验,利用农田水量平衡方法计算农田蒸散量,用微型棵间蒸发器测定不同沟灌方式的农田土壤棵间蒸发,在此基础上分析了不同沟灌方式下甜椒农田蒸散、土壤棵间蒸发、蒸发占蒸散的比例及其随叶面积指数和表层土壤含水量的变化关系、灌溉后土壤蒸发的变化过程.结果表明:交替隔沟灌溉在不影响作物蒸腾的条件下减少了表层土壤的湿润面积、减少了棵间土壤蒸发、提高了作物水分利用效率.  相似文献   

4.
覆砂对土壤入渗、蒸发和盐分迁移的影响   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
探讨覆砂厚度对土壤水分入渗、蒸发、盐分迁移的影响,对新疆干旱区农田抑盐、保水及合理的覆砂制度制定具有重要意义。本文采用定水头法入渗和模拟稳定蒸发条件,研究覆砂厚度对土壤水分入渗、蒸发过程以及盐分迁移的影响。以覆砂厚度为影响因子,在土壤表层设置4个厚度,分别是0(对照)、1.7、3.6、5.7 cm。研究结果表明:(1)覆砂抑制了土壤水分净入渗能力,这一抑制作用随着覆砂厚度增加而减弱;(2)覆砂可以显著抑制土壤蒸发,随着覆砂厚度的增加抑制力增大。在20天蒸发过程中,覆砂处理蒸发呈稳定态势,且累积蒸发量符合线性方程,而对照符合Rose经验公式;(3)覆砂可以改变土壤盐分在剖面中的运移,尤其减弱了盐分的表聚。总之,覆砂显著地抑制了土壤蒸发和盐分表聚,即在覆砂厚1.7 cm上就可达显著效果,但对土壤的净入渗能力具有抑制作用。  相似文献   

5.
为研究不同纤维用量下秸秆纤维网覆盖对土壤蒸发过程的影响,以不同的秸秆纤维用量为因子,设100、300、500 g/m2三个用量水平,以裸土为对照,进行了模拟试验。结果表明:用秸秆纤维网覆盖土壤表面能够有效抑制土壤蒸发,在土壤含水量较高的阶段,抑制作用更加明显;秸秆纤维网覆盖对蒸发的抑制作用与秸秆纤维用量密切相关,在相同的秸秆纤维网性状和同一土壤含水量条件下,秸秆纤维用量越大对蒸发的抑制能力越强;秸秆纤维网覆盖能明显改变土壤蒸发过程,覆盖条件下的土壤与裸土相比,蒸发量不仅降低而且更加平稳;在26 d的连续蒸发过程中,覆盖条件下的累计土壤蒸发量与时间呈近似线性关系,而裸土则为对数关系。  相似文献   

6.
砂石覆盖粒径对土壤蒸发的影响   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
为研究不同粒径砂石覆盖对土壤蒸发过程的影响,进行模拟试验.试验以砂石粒径大小为因子,设3个粒径水平:0.5,2.5,4.5 cm,以裸土为对照.结果表明:地面砂石覆盖能够有效抑制土壤蒸发,在土壤含水率较高的阶段,抑制作用更加明显;砂石覆盖对蒸发的抑制作用与砂石粒径密切相关,在相同的覆盖厚度(5 cm)和同一含水率条件下,砂石覆盖的粒径越大,对蒸发的抑制能力越低;砂石覆盖能明显改变土壤蒸发过程,覆盖条件下的土壤蒸发与裸土相比不仅降低而且更加平稳;在41d的连续蒸发过程中,覆盖条件下的累计土壤蒸发量与时间呈近似线性关系,而裸土为对数关系.  相似文献   

7.
为了有效控制草地退化,保护生物资源,保持"生态-经济-社会"的良性循环和生物资源的可持续利用.通过在希拉穆仁草原典型地带进行不同材料覆盖的土壤蒸发实验,并以恢复生态学为指导思想,研究了不同材料覆盖对土壤水分的影响.试验结果表明,干草、砾石覆盖均能有效地抑制土壤蒸发,相比对照而言,整个蒸发过程中,干草覆盖比砾石更能有效抑制土壤水分蒸发.  相似文献   

8.
塔中沙漠地区Guilspare(R)抑制土壤蒸发的效应研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
塔克拉玛干沙漠地区自然条件异常恶劣,土壤水分蒸发极为强烈,土壤水分损失严重,沙漠公路防护林的管护极其困难,因此林带节水保水乃当务之急.对新型土壤水分蒸发抑制剂Guilspare0的保水效应进行了试验研究.结果表明.Guilspare(R)可有效抑制土壤蒸发,保持土壤水分,改善土壤和植物水文环境,对林带节水保水具有重要意义.(1)Guilspare(R)对沙漠土壤蒸发有明显的滞缓作用,抑制土壤蒸发累积量最大可达21.06 mm,初始抑制效率达70%左右;(2)Guilspare0对O-5 cm层土壤含水量的影响较大,对5 cm以下土层影响相对较小;(3)一个灌溉周期后植物水势随着Guilspare(R)浓度的增加而逐渐降低,植物的水文环境得到了较大的改善.  相似文献   

9.
为探讨不同砂石覆盖度和砂石粒径对土壤蒸发的影响,进行室内蒸发模拟试验。通过5个覆盖度(0,25%,50%,75%和100%)和2个砂石粒径(0.5cm和1cm)处理,历经10d的土柱蒸发试验,研究土壤蒸发量随蒸发时间的变化及蒸发剖面含水量的分布规律。结果表明:砂石覆盖能有效抑制土壤累积蒸发量的增长,覆盖度越大,粒径越小,其抑制效果越明显,蒸发越趋于平稳。不同砂石覆盖度下的累积蒸发量与时间变化符合Gardner理论关系,累积蒸发量与时间和覆盖度间存在两因素函数关系,从而得出蒸发速率与时间和覆盖度的两因素函数关系。砂石覆盖能降低土壤蒸发速率,保持土壤水分,覆盖度越大,土壤蒸发后的剖面含水量越大。相比于塿土,相同粒径条件下砂石覆盖对砂土蒸发的抑制作用更有效。  相似文献   

10.
沙漠人工植被区的建立有助于生物结皮的形成和发育,它将显著改变植被区土壤的持水性能和蒸发过程。利用室内蒸发法研究了流沙和沙漠植被区生物结皮类土壤的蒸发特性。结果表明,随固沙年限的延长生物结皮层及其下的亚土层逐年增厚、容重下降、土壤持水能力增加,且苔藓结皮优于藻类结皮。当土壤样品完全饱和后,生物结皮土壤的蒸发量明显高于流沙,苔藓结皮高于藻类结皮,并随固沙年限的延长而增加;但是蒸发过程表现出明显的阶段性(P〈0.05)。在蒸发的第一阶段(速率稳定阶段),与流沙相比生物结皮的存在有利于蒸发;但在蒸发的第二阶段(速率下降阶段)生物结皮却抑制蒸发。分析后认为,正是生物结皮具有较高的持水能力,在蒸发的第一阶段增加了水分被蒸发的可能性;当土壤干旱时,结皮可以将水分束缚在土壤中从而抑制了蒸发。  相似文献   

11.
In a region where water is the primary limiting factor of crop production, loss of water from fields by overland flow represents an economic loss to producers. Traditional crop management practices in north-central Oregon have led to crop water loss by overland flow. In 1931, a long-term experiment was begun near Pendleton, Oregon, in a Walla Walla silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Haploxeroll—US; Kastanozems—FAO), to examine the influence on soil fertility and crop production by nutrient amendments and crop residue management practices. This experiment provided the opportunity to evaluate the influence of a several traditional farming practices on field hydrology. Tillage in all treatments consisted of moldboard plowing and multiple passes with secondary tillage equipment to smooth the surface for planting and for weed control. The treatments were combinations of nutrient amendments (0.90 kg N ha−1 commercial fertilizer, and 145 kg N ha−1 from manure) and residue management (fall-burn, spring-burn, and no-burn), whose soil organic carbon increased with increasing nutrient amendments. These treatments were in a winter wheat–fallow system and represent a set of past and current cultural practices. Overland flow from these treatments was measured. Lister furrows separated the plots of 12 m×40 m (≈0.05 ha) to prevent overland flow from treatment to treatment and were instrumented with weirs to capture and measure overland flow. To determine if hydrologic differences existed between treatments, we tested the overland flow to precipitation (Q/P) ratio. The Q/P ratio (P<0.15) was greatest within crop year/low soil fertility (0 kg N ha−1, burn) whereas the high fertility (145 kg N ha−1, no-burn) treatment crop year plots Q/P ratios were similar to fallow, standing stubble plots. Most notably, the manure amendment plots in crop, produce significantly less overland flow than the other residue and nutrient management practices, and marginally less overland flow than treatments in stubble. This research demonstrates that overland flow was greater from low fertility and stubble burned treatments. Increased overland flow increases the risk of soil erosion and loss of water to overland flow is potentially a loss of needed soil water for crop growth and production.  相似文献   

12.
长期施磷对土壤磷素吸附演变的影响   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
Knowledge of phosphorus (P) behavior in long-term fertilized soils is essential for programming fertilization practices and for sustaining environmental quality. The long-term (1984-1997) effects of various fertilization treatments on P changes and sorption isotherms as well as the relationship of soil properties to P sorption and P forms were evaluated in an Ustic Isohumisol, a calcareous soil, on the Loess Plateau, China. Compared to 1984, after 13 years of crop production, total soil P in the no-P treatments (control and N treatment) decreased by 5%-7%, but in the phosphorus fertilizer alone (P), nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in combination (NP), manure alone (M), and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and manure in combination (NPM) treatments, it increased by 22%, 19%, 28%, and 58%, respectively. Residual fertilizer P was found mainly in NH4Ac-soluble P (Cas-P), followed by NaHCO3-soluble P (NaHCO3-P), and NH4F-soluble P (Al-P). Phosphorus sorption in the soils with different fertilization practices fit the Langmuir equations. Phosphorus sorption capacity in the no-P treatments increased, whereas it decreased in the P-included treatments (P, NP, and NPM treatments). Phosphorus sorption maximum (Qm) was significantly and negatively correlated to inorganic P including NaHCO3-P, Cas-P, NaOH-Na2CO3-soluble P (Fe-P), and Al-P (P ≤ 0.01). Moreover, long-term fertilization increased soil organic carbon in the NP, M, and NPM treatments and decreased pH in the NP and NPM treatments. Thus, the ability of the soil to release sorbed P to the environment increased under long-term P fertilization.  相似文献   

13.
Rice yield and water use as affected by soil management practices   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A field experiment was conducted at the Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,to study the effects of soil management practices on water use and rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield in an axtuic brown soil during 2001 and 2002. A completely random experimental design with three replications was employed, having four soil management practices as treatments, namely: an undisturbed plow layer (CK), a thin plastic film (TN), a thick plastic film (TI) and subsoil compacting (CP). Results indicated no significant differences among all treatments for rice biomass and grain yields. Also, water consumption was about the same for treatments TN and CK, however the treatments TI and CP were much lower with more than 45% and 40% of the irrigation water in the treatments TI and CP, respectively,saved each year compared to CK. Therefore, water use efficiency was higher in the treatments TI and CP. These results will provide a scientific basis for the water-saving rice cultivation.  相似文献   

14.
华北典型区域土壤耕作方式对土壤特性和作物产量的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
华北平原是我国重要的小麦玉米种植区,长期土壤旋耕免耕和秸秆全量还田带来耕层变浅、犁底层变厚和上移、土壤养分表聚等现象,通过耕作方式改变,解决上述问题对维持区域粮食生产有重要意义。试验以冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统为研究对象,分别在代表华北平原高产区的栾城试验区和代表中低产区的南皮试验区进行,设置冬小麦播种前进行土壤深耕、深松、窄深松3种处理,以生产上常用的旋耕为对照。所有处理夏玉米季均采用土壤免耕播种,测定项目包括土壤容重、作物根系、作物产量和水分利用效率。结果表明,不同耕作方式对土壤特性和作物产量的影响具有区域差异。南皮试验区土壤深耕(松)显著地(P0.05)提高了作物产量,深耕、深松和窄深松处理的冬小麦产量比旋耕分别增加16.5%、19.3%和13.1%,夏玉米产量分别增加17.3%、16.2%和21.9%,周年产量分别增加16.9%、17.6%和17.8%;深耕、深松和窄深松处理间作物产量差异不显著。栾城试验区冬小麦、夏玉米产量和周年产量各处理之间差异不显著。土壤深耕、深松、窄深松和旋耕均能降低0~20 cm土层土壤紧实度和土壤容重。冬小麦播种后,与土壤耕作前比较,土壤深耕、深松和旋耕处理土壤紧实度南皮试验区分别平均降低71.6%和68.2%,栾城试验区分别降低88.8%和?7.7%,常用的旋耕模式在栾城试区没有降低土壤紧实度。小麦收获时不同耕作方式0~40cm土层的土壤容重均低于土壤耕作前的土壤容重,至夏玉米收获时不同耕作处理的土壤容重与耕作前基本一致,不同耕作处理对土壤容重的影响差异不显著。在南皮试验区, 3种耕作方式与旋耕相比,均显著提高了冬小麦和夏玉米水分利用效率;在栾城试验区,各处理冬小麦和夏玉米水分利用效率差异不显著。本研究结果显示在华北平原高产区连续实施土壤旋耕模式没有影响作物产量,而在中低产区实施土壤深耕或者深松模式更利于作物产量提高。  相似文献   

15.
Rainfed Inceptisol soils, despite their agricultural potential, pose serious problems, including soil erosion, low fertility, nutrient imbalance, and low soil organic matter, and ultimately lead to poor soil quality. To address these constraints, two long-term experiments were initiated to study conservation agricultural practices, comprising conventional and low tillage as well as conjunctive use of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients in Inceptisol soils of Agra center of the All-India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture (AICRPDA). The first experiment included tillage and nutrient-management practices, whereas the second studied only conjunctive nutrient-management practices. Both used pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Linn) as test crop. These experiments were adopted for soil quality assessment studies at 4 and 8 years after their completion, respectively, at the Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA), Hyderabad, India. Soil quality assessment was done by identifying the key indicators using principal component analysis (PCA), linear scoring technique (LST), soil quality indices (SQI), and relative soil quality indices (RSQI). Results revealed that most of the soil quality parameters were significantly influenced by the management treatments in both the experiments. In experiment 1, soil quality indices varied from 0.86 to 1.08 across the treatments. Tillage as well as the nutrient-management treatments played a significant role in influencing the SQI. Among the tillage practices, low tillage with one interculture + weedicide application resulted in a greater soil quality index (0.98) followed by conventional tillage + one interculture (0.94), which was at par with low tillage + one interculture (0.93). Among the nutrient-management treatments, application of 100% organic sources of nutrients gave the greatest SQI of 1.05, whereas the other two practices of 50% nitrogen (N) (organic) + 50% (inorganic source) (0.92) and 100% N (inorganic source) (0.88) were statistically at par with each other. The various parameters that emerged as key soil quality indicators along with their percentage contributions toward SQI were organic carbon (17%), exchangeable calcium (Ca) (10%), available zinc (Zn) (9%), available copper (Cu) (6%), dehydrogenase assay (6%), microbial biomass carbon (25%) and mean weight diameter of soil aggregates (27%). In experiment 2, SQI varied from 2.33 to 3.47, and 50% urea + 50% farmyard manure (FYM) showed the greatest SQI of 3.47, which was at par with 100% RDF + 25 kg zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) (3.20). Under this set of treatments, the key soil quality indicators and their contributions to SQI were organic carbon (19%), available N (20%), exchangeable Ca (3%), available Zn (4%) and Cu (17%), labile carbon (20%), and mean weight diameter of soil aggregates (17%). The quantitative relationship established in this study between mean pearl millet yields (Y) and RSQI irrespective of the management treatments for both the experiments together could be quite useful to predict the yield quantitatively with respect to a given change in soil quality for these rainfed Inceptisols. The methodology used in this study is not only useful to these Inceptisols but can also be used for varying soil types, climate, and associated conditions elsewhere in the world.  相似文献   

16.
The distribution of the soil borne fungal population in maize non-rhizospheric soil in experimental trials were studied during the harvest seasons 2000/2001 and 2001/2002. The effect of different tillage practices was evaluated. Soil samples were collected from three tillage treatments, conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no tillage, with and without grazing. The distribution of fungal propagules in different treatments was compared. Soil samples were collected from the top soil (3 cm) before planting, in the sprong. No tillage without grazing and reduced tillage with grazing had the highest densities of filamentous fungi (5.71 and 5.85 log, respectively). The mycological survey showed the presence of six genera of filamentous fungi. They were Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Cladosporium, Alternaria. The species identified from genus Aspergillus were A. flavus, A. restrictus, A. candidus, A. parasiticus and other Aspergillus spp. The species identified from genus Penicillium were P. pinophylum, P. citreonigrum, P. implicatum, P. purpurogenum, P. minioluteum, P. waksmanii, P. restrictum, P. rugulosum, P. funiculosum and P. variabile. Species from genus Fusarium were identified as F. verticillioides, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum and others Fusarium species. The isolation frequency of Aspergillus increased in the no tillage and grazing practices treatments. The data indicate that different agricultural practices impact soil inocula of principal maize toxigenic fungi in the production area. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effect of tillage management practices on fungal populations in preharvest maize agroecosystem in Argentina.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous conventional tillage can cause serious soil degradation in rain‐fed agriculture, which reduces crop productivity. Adopting suitable tillage practices is very important for improving the soil and increasing crop productivity. Between 2007 and 2010, a 3‐year field study was conducted in semi‐arid areas of southern Ningxia, China, to determine the effects of rotational tillage practices on bulk density, soil aggregate, organic carbon concentration and crop yields. Three tillage treatments were tested: no‐tillage the first and third year and subsoiling the second year (NT/ST/NT); subsoiling the first and third year and no‐tillage the second year (ST/NT/ST); and conventional tillage each year (CT). A conventional tillage treatment was used as the control. Under the rotational tillage treatments, the mean soil bulk density at a depth of 0–60 cm was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by 4.9% compared with CT, and with the best effect under ST/NT/ST. The soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration and aggregate size fractions and stability at 0–40 cm depth were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in rotational tillage treatments when compared with the conventional tillage, and the ST/NT/ST treatment produced the highest increases. Significant differences were detected in the SOC concentration in 2 to 0.25–mm size fractions at 0–30 cm depth between rotational tillage treatments and conventional tillage. Biomass and grain yield with the rotational tillage practices were significantly positively influenced over 3 years, and ST/NT/ST produced the highest average crop yields among the three treatments. Therefore, it was concluded that the application of rotational tillage with subsoiling every 2 years and no‐tillage every other year (ST/NT/ST) should be of benefit in promoting the development of dryland farming in semi‐arid areas of northwest China.  相似文献   

18.
We evaluated the influence of several organic matter management practices on the characteristics of carbohydrates in water-stable aggregates and soil aggregate stability at three Nigerian locations (Abakiliki, Nsukka and Umudike) where forests had been converted to arable farming. The effect of management practices to enhance aggregate stability was site-specific. The highest aggregate stability was obtained with Gliricidia sepium at Abakiliki, with Cajanus cajan followed by rice mill wastes (RW) at Nsukka and with the forested soil at Umudike. While none of the treatments at all sites was able to enhance the C and N contents of the soils to the levels obtained in the forested sites, a net improvement in carbohydrate and organic carbon (OC) content was found for some management practices. The carbohydrate status increased with G. sepium at Abakiliki, and with Dactylodenae bacterii alone or in combination with Pentaclethra species at Umudike, while at Nsukka all organic inputs increased carbohydrate content over the control and forested soils. However, neither total OC nor the carbohydrate content were significantly correlated to the variability in aggregate stability of these soils. The δ13C values found for acidic hydrolysates were constant within the soil aggregate sizes and generally distributed around −29 to −30‰, suggesting that the OC from these sites originated from C3 plants. Our results indicate that in these tropical Nigerian soils, aggregate stability and OC content are generally preserved by alley-cropping in well structured soil, whereas treatments with organic wastes are sustainable management practices in more fragile soils.  相似文献   

19.
通过不同生育时期植株各部位的氮素分析,研究了不同商品有机肥和有机无机复混肥对大田草莓(FragariaAnanassa.c.v.Dutch.)植株生长及氮素吸收分配的影响。结果表明,施用不同肥料品种均可促进植物氮素吸收,提高氮素积累速率,促进氮素向果实中分配。在施等量氮素养分条件下,草莓器官的氮素吸收状况对不同氮肥品种反应不一。尽管无机肥处理的氮素积累速率和地上部全氮含量较高,但施用商品有机肥较无机氮肥或有机无机复混肥更能促进草莓生长发育和草莓果实产量的增加,说明无机氮不宜作为草莓基肥一次性施用。结果还表明,施肥处理氮素的日均积累量平均为10.8.mg/plant,而不施肥处理仅为5.1.mg/plant。在果实采收末期,不同处理草莓各器官的氮素分配趋势为果实茎和叶柄叶片根系。施用纯有机肥(OFA和OFB),果实中吸收的氮素超过植株吸收总量的一半,分别占53.5%和51.7%,无机氮肥处理(UN)和有机无机复混肥处理(OIF)的果实氮素分配率分别只有46.1%和39.8%。  相似文献   

20.
轮耕对双季稻田土壤结构及水贮量的影响   总被引:17,自引:8,他引:9  
该文针对南方稻田长期免耕存在的耕层变浅、下层土壤紧实等问题,进行了土壤轮耕效应的研究。试验选择双季稻区连续7 a免耕稻田,2006年4月设置免耕、翻耕和旋耕3种耕作处理。2007年4月将翻耕、旋耕稻田一半免耕,剩下一半继续翻耕、旋耕。每年早稻和晚稻采用同一耕作措施。研究结果表明,长期免耕表层0~5 cm土壤体积质量呈降低趋势,而下层10~20 cm呈增加趋势。翻耕、旋耕相对于长期免耕能够有效降低下层土壤体积质量,同时,提高下层毛管孔隙度。翻耕、旋耕后免耕下层土壤体积质量呈增加趋势,而毛管孔隙度呈降低趋势。长期免耕后,翻耕、旋耕能够有效增加耕层(0~20 cm)土壤水贮量,特别是在土壤含水率偏低时尤为显著,2007年翻耕、旋耕较长期免耕分别高了12.9%和20.7%,而翻耕、旋耕后免耕呈降低趋势。研究还显示,各轮耕耕层土壤质量含水率与体积质量呈显著线性负相关,与毛管孔隙度呈显著线性正相关。总之,长期免耕后,翻耕、旋耕措施通过改变耕层土壤结构,进而提高稻田土壤水贮量。  相似文献   

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