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1.
贡嘎山东坡峨眉冷杉林区土壤CO2排放   总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35  
罗辑  杨忠  杨清伟 《土壤学报》2000,37(3):402-409
在植物生长季对贡嘎山东坡峨眉冷杉林区三种不同类型土壤排放CO2过程进行了连续观测,三种类型土壤CO2排放存在着显著差异,峨眉冷杉滨替林采伐迹地土壤呼吸强度最高,达5.89μmol/m^2sCO2,在各月份中高低依次为9月>8月>6月>7月>5月>10月>11月;峨眉冷杉林土壤呼吸强度次之,为5.76μmol/m^2sCO2在各月份中高低依次为8月>7月>9月>6月>5月>10月>11月;峨眉冷杉演要替林土壤呼吸强度最低,为3.26μmol/m^2sCO2在各月份中高低依次为5月>7月>8月>6月>9月>10月>11月,观测的各种温度指标对土壤CO2排放有明显的影响,分析表明,近地表气温对峨眉冷杉林采伐迹地和演替林土壤CO2排放影响最大,10cm和5cm深地漫地峨眉冷杉土壤CO2排放影响最大,根据观测的土壤品种月平均值计算出土壤CO2排放的通量估计值,峨眉冷杉林采伐迹地土壤CO2排放为223.91kg/hm^2d,峨眉冷杉林土壤排放为218.48kg/hm^2d,峨眉冷杉演替林土壤CO2排放为123.76kg/hm^2d.  相似文献   

2.
为了解西南亚高山原始森林中粗木质残体(CWD)的储水能力,采用样带法调查了位于四川王朗自然保护区原始岷江冷杉林中CWD的储量,运用浸泡模拟法研究了CWD的吸水过程和储水能力。结果表明:CWD的密度随着腐烂的加剧而降低,其储水能力的变化则相反。CWD的吸水过程表现为储水量均随时间的推移迅速增加,2h后储水量增加开始变缓、吸水速率逐渐降低;储水量(Q,g/cm3)和吸水速率(S,g/(cm3.h))与浸泡时间(t)关系均可用Q=aln(t)-b和S=c t-d来进行拟合。样带中CWD的体积和储水能力为(16.864 3±0.954 9)m3/hm2和(4.961 4±0.165 9)t/hm2,相当于增加降雨(0.496 1±0.016 6)mm,I级CWD是体积和储水能力的主体(占总体的60.55%和43.26%);王朗自然保护区的原始冷杉林中CWD体积为55 039.17m3,最大储水能力为13 318.3t。  相似文献   

3.
滇西北亚高山典型退化次生林水源涵养能力分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了摸清云、冷杉采伐后森林植被水源涵养能力变化规律,以滇西北亚高山原始冷杉林作为参照,利用浸水法、环刀法对该区域20世纪70年代、80年代、90年代采伐云、冷杉后自然生长的林分进行了水源涵养能力分析。结果表明:不同林分的不同植被层最大持水量具有一定差异,林冠层最大持水量以原始冷杉林最大,其余依次为退化桦木林、稀疏云+冷杉林、退化大果红杉林、退化杜鹃灌丛;灌木层最大持水量以退化高山栎灌丛最大,其余依次为退化杜鹃灌丛、退化大果红杉林、稀疏云+冷杉林、退化桦木林、原始冷杉林;草本层最大持水量以原始冷杉林最大,其余依次为退化桦木林、稀疏云+冷杉林、退化大果红杉林、退化杜鹃灌丛、退化高山栎灌丛;枯落物最大持水量差异很大,以原始冷杉林为最大,其余依次为退化桦木林、退化大果红杉林、退化杜鹃灌丛、稀疏云+冷杉林;植被层最大持水量以原始冷杉林最大,其余依次为稀疏云+冷杉林、退化桦木林、退化杜鹃灌丛、退化大果红杉林、退化高山栎灌丛。说明植被越好、干扰越少的林分,植被的持水量越大,缺乔木树种的林分,植被持水量较小。从对滇西北亚高山云、冷杉不同采伐年代的水源涵养分析来看,采伐干扰越少的林分最大持水能力越强,采伐年代越久的林分,植被最大持水能力也越大。  相似文献   

4.
云冷杉林土壤酶活性与土壤养分的研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
对不同生长状况云冷杉林土壤酶活性在不同土层进行比较,并对土壤酶与土壤养分及与林下植物的关系进行分析。结果表明:不同土层的土壤酶活性对云冷杉林死亡程度响应不同,0-15 cm土壤酶活性变化最为显著,随土层深度的增加,酶活性减小,且对云冷杉的死亡响应程度减弱;5种土壤酶活性对云冷杉死亡程度响应表现不一,脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性随死亡程度的加大对云冷杉死亡率响应较最大,而转化酶、磷酸酶及多酚氧化酶活性随云冷杉死亡程度的增加下降较小;土壤有机质的含量对云冷杉林死亡程度的响应较大,对照样地有机质含量与重度及极重度死亡样地间呈极显著相关关系(P〈0.01),5种酶活性均与有机质、速效K含量极显著正相关(P〈0.01);云冷杉林死亡率增加,其林下植物多样性指数亦呈增加趋势,随着云冷杉林死亡程度的增加林下灌木层多样性增加,而林下草本层的多样性先增加后减少;林下植物Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数与土壤多酚氧化酶活性的相关性最强,其次是过氧化氢酶。  相似文献   

5.
京北山区板栗林主要养分元素积累与分配的研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
对北京北部山区板栗林主要养分元素积累与分配的研究结果表明:22年生板栗林的生物量为38638kg/hm2,生物量在干、枝、叶、花、果、果苞及根中的分配比例为52.18∶21.82∶3.70∶2.26∶2.65∶2.07∶15.33。板栗林5种主要养分元素N、P、K、Ca和Mg的贮存量为315.38kg/hm2,不同器官中5种养分元素贮存量排序为干>枝>根>叶>花>果苞>果。土壤层中5种养分元素贮存总量为206427.59kg/hm2,有效养分元素贮存量为16188.29kg/hm2,板栗林5种养分元素贮存量占土壤层5种养分元素贮存总量的0.15%,占有效养分贮存量的1.95%。板栗林对N的富集能力最强,各元素的富集系数排序为N>P>K>Ca>Mg。板栗林生态系统每积累1t干物质需要5种养分元素总量7.17kg,其中对Ca元素的需求量最大,P的最小。  相似文献   

6.
选择小兴安岭丰林自然保护区内的云冷杉红松林、云冷杉林和白桦林3种典型林分类型为研究对象,选取不同林分类型的典型地段设置样地,通过量雪槽、量雪桥、量雪器测定林内外降雪和积雪的深度、密度及雪水当量,进行了林分内外降雪、积雪和融雪过程的对比研究。结果表明,受叶面积指数的影响,云冷杉林的截雪量最大,积雪保存率最高;云冷杉红松林的截雪量和保存率次之,白桦林最小;林外草地最大积雪厚度最高,其次为白桦林,再次为云冷杉林及云冷杉红松林;林内外积雪融化时间均在2月初,3月中旬积雪消融速率加快,其中常绿的云冷杉林和云冷杉红松林融雪持续时间可达60d,较林外草地和落叶白桦林多延长5~20d;另外,林内的降雪和积雪密度大多均小于林外(平均为0.113g/cm3),差异不显著(P0.05)。总之,林分内外及不同林分类型之间的雪水文过程具有明显差异,森林对降雪具有明显的截留作用,并可延长积融雪过程,特别是常绿针叶林,其原因除受叶面积指数或郁闭度的影响外,可能与冠层结构、气候变化、地形因素和积雪性质等有关。  相似文献   

7.
对黑龙江凉水国家自然保护区人工云冷杉林、人工兴安落叶松林、人工红松林三个群落的土壤革螨进行调查分析,获得土壤革螨24种,216只。其中优势种2个,常见种11个,稀有种11个。人工红松林土壤革螨种类和数量最多,人工云冷杉林的次之,人工兴安落叶松林的最少。平均密度为2400个m-2。土壤革螨栖息层次的表聚性很强,组成成分以人工云冷杉林和人工红松林的相似性最大。文中采用多个群落D IC指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数进行分析。土壤革螨的多样性与丰富度呈正相关,与优势度呈负相关。  相似文献   

8.
岷江上游两种亚高山林分枯落物层水文特征研究   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
研究对比了岷江上游岷江冷杉林和川滇高山栎林枯落物层的水文特征,结果表明,川滇高山栎林凋落呈现多峰型,凋落高峰出现在6月,8月和10月;而岷江冷杉林凋落则为双峰型,凋落高峰出现在10月份和1月份.川滇高山栎林的枯落物未分解层、半分解层和已分解层的现存量分别为4.00 t/hm2.6.77 t/hm2和14.43t/hm2;而岷江冷杉林的枯落物未分解层、半分解层和已分解层的现存量分别为1.14 t/hm2,7.40 t/hm2.11.99t/hm2.川滇高山栎林和岷江冷杉林枯落物总最大持水量为分别为(60.23±11.82)t/hm2和(66.79±24.05)t/hm2.两种森林群落类型枯落物持水量(mm)与浸水时间(h)呈较好的对数函数关系.枯落物未分解层、半分解层和已分解层的持水量与浸水时间之间均呈极显著相关(p<0.001).  相似文献   

9.
研究结果表明 :13年生刺槐林的总生物量为 2 4 16 5 .4 8kg/hm2 ;刺槐林 5种养分元素贮存量为 4 39.76 8kg/hm2 ,各器官中不同养分元素的含量差异较大 ,不同器官中 5种养分元素贮存量大小排序结果是树干 >叶 >枝 >根。若以各养分元素的贮存量来计 ,N的贮存量为 16 4 .92 2 kg/hm2 ,P的贮存量为 9.371kg/hm2 ,K的贮存量为 31.814 kg/hm2 ,Ca的贮存量为 2 2 5 .35 3kg/hm2 ,Mg的贮存量为 17.5 76 kg/hm2 ;刺槐林生态系统乔木层每年从土壤中吸收的 5种养分元素量为 15 7.310 kg/hm2 ,吸收量占土层 5种养分元素总量的 0 .2 2 % ,占土层有效养分含量的 2 .18% ,吸收量中存留量为 2 3.84 2 kg/hm2 ,归还量为 133.4 6 8kg/hm2 ,加上雨水输入到森林生态系统的养分元素量 ,则刺槐林生态系统的养分元素归还量略大于吸收量。  相似文献   

10.
小兴安岭天然林土壤革螨的生态分布特征   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
对小兴安岭云冷杉林、兴安落叶松林、赤杨林、白桦林和阔叶红松林五种天然林生境土壤革螨的水平和垂直分布进行了调查研究。结果表明 ,广泛分布各生境的为峰革赛螨和小兴安岭螨 ,仅存在一种生境的种类较多 ,各生境仅存的种类越多 ,生境差异性就越明显。通过Jaccard相似性指数比较分析 ,兴安落叶松林和赤杨林生境土壤革螨群落最相似 ,云冷杉林和赤杨林生境及赤杨林和白桦林生境土壤革螨群落极不相似。土壤革螨的垂直分布总体上表现为表聚性 ,但各生境存在差异。土壤有机质和全氮含量高的土壤 ,土壤革螨的种类和数量都多。多数土壤革螨适宜在微酸性的条件下生存。  相似文献   

11.
Conversion of natural forests into pure plantation forests is a common management practice in subtropical China. To evaluate the effects of forest conversion on soil fertility, microbe numbers and enzyme activities in topsoils (0-10 cm) were quantified in two 33-year-old monoculture plantations of Castanopsis kawakamii Hayata (CK) and Cunninghamia lanceolata Lamb. (Chinese fir) (CF), and compared to a neighboring relict natural C. kawakamii forest (NF), in Sanming, Fujian. Five soil samples were collected once each in January, April, July, September and November in 2000 in each forest for laboratory analysis. Over the sampling year, there were significant differences for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes between forests and between seasons (P < 0.05). The largest bacteria and fungi populations were in NF, while CF contained the greatest number of actinomycetes. There were also significant differences (P < 0.05) with microbial respiration for forests and seasons. Additionally, compared with NF, urease and acid phosphatase were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in CK and CF. Also, the correlations of soil hydrolysable N and available P to soil microbial and enzymatic activities were highly significant (P < 0.01). Thus, to alter the traditional Chinese fir monoculture so as to mimic the natural forest conditions, managing mixed stands of Chinese fir and broadleaf trees or conducting crop rotation of conifers and broadleaf trees as well as minimizing forest disturbances like clear-cutting, slash burning and soil preparing, could be utilized.  相似文献   

12.
为分析不同林龄亚热带常绿阔叶次生林和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)种植对土壤氮淋溶的影响,采用土柱微宇宙原位培养,分别比较9年生和45年生次生林(以米槠Castanopsis carlesii为建群种)之间、米槠和杉木人工林(均为9年生)之间的土壤总氮、硝态氮和铵态氮浓度及通量。结果表明:(1)4种类型森林土壤总氮和硝态氮浓度均表现为45年生次生林>9年生次生林>杉木人工林>米槠人工林;铵态氮浓度则为45年生次生林>杉木人工林>9年生次生林>米槠人工林。(2)4种类型森林土壤总氮和硝态氮的淋溶通量在整个试验期表现为9年生次生林>45年生次生林>杉木人工林>米槠人工林;5—8月4种类型森林土壤氨态氮淋溶通量差异较大,但大体上表现为杉木人工林>45年生次生林>9年生次生林>米槠人工林。(3)9年生和45年生次生林、米槠人工林、杉木人工林土壤总氮年淋溶量分别为14.24,13.27,7.26,10.97 [g/(m2·a)],硝态氮年淋溶量分别为10.88,9.97,5.35...  相似文献   

13.
套种是杉木人工林经营的重要措施,磷是南方森林生态系统中主要限制性养分元素之一,但套种模式对土壤磷素的影响尚不明确。以亚热带杉木人工林表层(0-10 cm)土壤为对象,研究套种林(杉阔套种幼林、杉阔套种成熟林)和杉木幼林土壤理化性质和土壤各形态磷含量差异,分析套种对杉木人工林土壤磷含量的影响。结果表明:(1)不同套种林显著改变土壤总磷、土壤总无机磷、土壤总有机磷、土壤微生物生物量磷(MBP)和土壤酸性磷酸酶活性(APA),大小顺序均为杉阔套种成熟林>杉阔套种幼林>杉木幼林。(2)土壤各磷组分中活性磷含量较低,其中NaHCO3-Po在活性组分中占主导;土壤NaOH-Po是中等活性磷的主要组分,杉阔套种成熟林尤为显著;闭蓄态磷(Residual-P)在总磷含量中最高。(3)与杉木幼林相比,杉阔套种成熟林显著增加了树脂提取态磷(Resin-Pi)、碳酸氢钠提取态有机和无机磷(NaHCO3-Pi、NaHCO3-Po)、氢氧化钠提取态有机和无机磷(NaOH-Pi、NaOH-Po)、氢氧化钠残留提取态有机磷(NaOHu.s-Po)、盐酸提取态磷(HCl-Pi)和闭蓄态磷(Residual-P)含量;土壤总无机磷、NaHCO3-Po、HCl-Pi、NaHCO3-Pi、NaOHu.s-Pi和Residual-P对杉阔套种幼林的响应不敏感。(4)除含水率外不同林龄下杉阔套种林土壤磷形态与土壤理化性质(土壤总碳氮、土壤可溶性有机氮、土壤微生物生物量磷、酸性磷酸酶)呈正相关性(P<0.05)。冗余分析表明,土壤磷组分的变化主要受MBP调控,且MBP与有机磷组分(NaOHu.s-Po、NaOH-Po)和HCI-Pi呈显著正相关。总之,套种林的土壤磷素有效性高于杉木幼林,土壤养分状况更佳。  相似文献   

14.
One of the most important measures adopted in the new biodiversity-oriented forestry in Sweden is to increase the quantity of coarse woody debris (CWD) in commercially managed forests, by leaving existing dead trees as well as ensuring input of new dead trees. We have used a simulation model in order to predict the quantity of CWD of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in forest landscapes subject to different management regimes. It is shown that in an average, managed forest landscape in Sweden, where the management regimes are changed in order to follow the current requirements for certification by FSC, the amount of CWD will be more than doubled, but it will take more than 100 years to reach the new level. The increase in the amount of CWD will first be recognised for hard (less decayed) CWD and mainly in young, newly cut stands. Leaving forests unmanaged, retaining living trees and decreasing the destruction of CWD at final cutting, and not removing naturally dying trees are all measures that have a strong positive influence on the amount of CWD.  相似文献   

15.
We studied the snail fauna of four primeval forests of Central Slovakia and focused on the influence of forest type and coarse woody debris (CWD) on species assemblages. We found a total of 3281 individuals from 39 species. Species assemblages differed between the forests. In SW-facing oak forests, CWD enhanced the proportion of forest species such as the wood-grazing Cochlodina laminata and decreased the proportion of euryecious species like the litter-dwelling Punctum pygmaeum. In NE-facing beech forests, hygrophilous species such as Carychium tridentatum dominated the assemblages. This litter-dwelling snail was especially abundant close to CWD. The NE-facing beech forests harbored more species and individuals than the SW-facing oak forests did. CWD enhanced snail abundance, species richness and biodiversity, irrespective of forest type. We found positive correlations for abundance and species richness to the amount of leaf litter, Corg, Ntot, Ca2+, and K+; snail abundance was also positively correlated to soil pH. All these soil chemical factors were higher close to CWD than distant from CWD.  相似文献   

16.
杉木取代阔叶林后林下水源涵养功能差异评价   总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
为研究杉木人工林取代常绿落叶阔叶混交林后土壤水源涵养能力的变化,采用室内浸水法和环刀法分别研究杉木纯林和常绿落叶阔叶混交林的枯落物与土壤的持水特性。结果表明:(1)枯落物平均蓄积量表现为常绿落叶阔叶混交林(3.42 t/hm~2)杉木纯林(3.12 t/hm~2),枯落物平均厚度表现为杉木纯林(9.17 cm)常绿落叶阔叶混交林(5.42 cm)。(2)最大持水量表现为常绿落叶阔叶混交林(6.23 t/hm~2)杉木纯林(5.57 t/hm~2),最大持水率也表现出相同的规律,即常绿落叶阔叶混交林(184.40%)杉木纯林(179.50%);有效拦蓄量表现为常绿落叶阔叶混交林(4.48 t/hm~2)杉木纯林(4.13 t/hm~2),最大拦蓄量表现为常绿落叶阔叶混交林(5.41 t/hm~2)杉木纯林(4.97 t/hm~2)。(3)枯落物层的吸水量与浸水时间符合对数函数Q=aln(t)+b,而吸水速率与浸水时间符合指数函数V=at~b,常绿落叶阔叶混交林的蓄水能力强于杉木纯林。(4)土壤水分最大吸持贮水量表现为常绿落叶阔叶混交林(43.58 mm)杉木纯林(41.88 mm),可以看出常绿落叶阔叶混交林内的土壤可以更好地为植被提供良好的水分供其生长;土壤水分最大滞留贮存量表现为常绿落叶阔叶混交林(8.20 mm)杉木纯林(10.22 mm),即杉木纯林内的土壤具有更好的涵养水源能力。从枯落物最大持水量、有效拦蓄量以及土壤毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度等多个因素的计算综合推断可知,杉木人工林水源涵养能力优于常绿落叶阔叶混交林。  相似文献   

17.
We collected 1605 isopod individuals (eight species) and 671 diplopod individuals (17 species) in four primeval forests of the Western Carpathians, Central Slovakia, by leaf litter extraction. The forests are of different temperate deciduous forest types varying in tree species, aspect, elevation and soil characteristics. The oak forests, established on southwest oriented slopes at an elevation of 280-600 m, were characterized by Hyloniscus riparius, Porcellium conspersum, Enantiulus nanus and Ophioiulus pilosus. The beech forests, established on northeast oriented slopes at an elevation of 700-1100 m, were characterised by Ligidium hypnorum, Trachysphaera costata and Polyzonium germanicum. A remarkable increase of the total number of species and individuals occurred in both forest types adjacent to coarse woody debris (CWD). Woodlice density close to CWD was between 200 and 630 individuals m−2 (35-130 individuals m−2 distant from CWD); millipede density close to CWD ranged from 60 to 230 individuals m−2 (15-75 individuals m−2 distant from CWD). Species richness of both taxa close to CWD varied from 13 to 16 species m−2 (7-12 species m−2 distant from CWD). Thus, CWD has a significant influence on saprophages. However, structural components such as CWD and the amount of leaf litter did not significantly alter species assemblages. Species at sites distant from CWD were a subset of species at sites close to CWD. According to a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), ‘forest type’ and ‘elevation within a slope’, as well as chemistry of the upper soil layer, i.e. ‘acidification’ and ‘nutrition’, strongly influenced species assemblages.  相似文献   

18.
北京市松山天然油松林生态系统的碳储量   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]分析北京市松山地区天然油松林生态系统碳储量,为研究区天然油松林的碳固定和碳储量管理研究提供理论依据。[方法]以北京市松山天然油松林生态系统为研对象,设置标准样地进行乔木。灌木。草本。凋落物调查,采集并分析0—100cm土层土样,根据相关方程计算出生态系统以及各个层次的碳储量。[结果]植物体含碳率变化在42.39%~49.95%,0—100cm土壤含碳率变化在0.26%~1.31%。天然油松生态系统碳储量为147.24 Mg/hm2,其中植被碳储量为57.14 Mg/hm2,占生态系统碳储量的36.7%,植被各层碳储量的顺序为乔木(54.93Mg/hm2)灌木(0.45Mg/hm2)草本(0.29Mg/hm2);土壤碳储量为66.35 Mg/hm2,占生态系统碳储量的46.30%,分别是植被碳储量的1.16倍和凋落物碳储量的2.79倍,且随着土层深度的增加而递减;凋落物碳储量为23.75 Mg/hm2,占生态系统碳储量17%。[结论]松山地区天然乔木对植被碳储量的贡献率最大,松山地区天然油松林植被含碳率表现为:乔木灌木草本凋落物。  相似文献   

19.
We investigated the daily exchange of CO2 between undisturbed Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. forest and the atmosphere at a remote Siberian site during July and August of 1993. Our goal was to measure and partition total CO2 exchanges into aboveground and belowground components by measuring forest and understory eddy and storage fluxes and then to determine the relationships between the environmental factors and these observations of ecosystem metabolism. Maximum net CO2 uptake of the forest ecosystem was extremely low compared to the forests elsewhere, reaching a peak of only ∼5 μmol m−2 s−1 late in the morning. Net ecosystem CO2 uptake increased with increasing photosynthetically active photon flux density (PPFD) and decreased as the atmospheric water vapor saturation deficit (D) increased. Daytime ecosystem CO2 uptake increased immediately after rain and declined sharply after about six days of drought. Ecosystem respiration at night averaged ∼2.4 μmol m−2 s−1 with about 40% of this coming from the forest floor (roots and heterotrophs). The relationship between the understory eddy flux and soil temperature at 5 cm followed an Arrhenius model, increasing exponentially with temperature (Q10∼2.3) so that on hot summer afternoons the ecosystem became a source of CO2. Tree canopy CO2 exchange was calculated as the difference between above and below canopy eddy flux. Canopy uptake saturated at ∼6 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 for a PPFD above 500 μmol m−2 s−1 and decreased with increasing D. The optimal stomatal control model of Mäkelä et al. (1996) was used as a `big leaf' canopy model with parameter values determined by the non-linear least squares. The model accurately simulated the response of the forest to light, saturation deficit and drought. The precision of the model was such that the daily pattern of residuals between modeled and measured forest exchange reproduced the component storage flux. The model and independent leaf-level measurements suggest that the marginal water cost of plant C gain in Larix gmelinii is more similar to values from deciduous or desert species than other boreal forests. During the middle of the summer, the L. gmelinii forest ecosystem is generally a net sink for CO2, storing ∼0.75 g C m−2 d−1.  相似文献   

20.
Chinese village fengshui forests (VFF) are small remnant forest patches that coexist with natural villages. The indigenous residents protect the forest patches under traditional Chinese geomancy beliefs (namely fengshui). However, the VFF community features and conservation values and relationships with the indigenous people remain poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated tree species diversity conservation of regional VFF patches by sampling a 1200 m2 transect within each patch. We also tested our hypothesis that patch size did not significantly impact interior forest community features of well-protected VFF patches. Thirty-two well-protected VFF patches in the Pearl River Delta, China were investigated. The average coefficient of similarity between transects (CS) was employed to evaluate community heterogeneity. Five forest community parameters (tree species richness per 1200 m2, tree stem density, tree basal area density, Shannon–Wiener diversity index (SWI), and Simpson diversity index (SI)) were measured and compared with regional well-developed evergreen broadleaved, coniferous and coniferous-broadleaved mixed forests. The relationships between the five parameters versus patch size and elevation were analyzed. A total of 266 tree species comprised of 57 families were recorded in 32 transects, of which 258 (97%) species were indigenous and eight (3%) were exotic. Ten tree species were endangered, rare or nationally protected by the Chinese government, and 57 species were endemic to China. The average CS was 0.38; and the average five forest community parameter values were as follows: 46.8 for tree species richness; 3403 plants/ha for stem density, 49.1 m2/ha for basal area, 4.04 for SWI and 0.90 for SI. These values were consistent with well-developed evergreen broadleaved forests and greater than coniferous and coniferous-broadleaved forests. No significant correlation was detected between the five community parameters and patch area or elevation. We conclude that VFF patches preserve abundant tree species and heterogeneous habitats, which are important for maintaining regional biodiversity. The interior community features of VFF patches were not significantly affected by patch size. We recommend protection of both large and small VFF patches, which can be substantially enhanced by the preservation of associated traditional relic village cultures.  相似文献   

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