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红豆草胚性细胞系和非胚性细胞系DNA代谢动态的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以红豆草无菌苗胚轴为外植体诱导愈伤组织,在此基础上建立了“胚性细胞系”和“非胚性细胞系”。应用放射自显影方法研究了这两种细胞系的DNA合成动态,結果表明:前者DNA合成十分活跃,且DNA合成只限于发生胚的单细胞和细胞群。这些细胞迅速分裂,分别发育形成不同阶段的体细胞胚,在这一过程中,DNA代谢呈现有规律的变化,到球形胚时,DNA合成速率达到最高峰。体细胞胚中各细胞DNA合成速率的差异与体细胞胚形态学极性存在明显的相关性。至于“非胚性细胞系”,在启动分裂和形成愈伤组织过程中也是以细胞DNA复制为基础的,但在该类细胞系中,无论是DNA合成速率还是~3H-胸苷标记的细胞频率都远低于胚性细胞系。DNA代谢动态在这两类细胞系中存在着明显的差异。 相似文献
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苹果叶柄体细胞胚胎发生 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以苹果栽培品种嘎拉试管苗带柄叶片为材料,接种于附加不同浓度BA和蔗糖及不同氨基酸的MS培养基上,诱导叶柄产生体细胞胚和再生嫩梢。研究显示,附加BA 1.5mg/L的MS培养基是叶柄形成体细胞胚进而发育成嫩梢的适宜培养基。培养基中蔗糖浓度调控叶柄的分化类型,浓度在5~10g/L时,叶柄由体细胞胚途径分化嫩梢,浓度为20g/L时,叶柄同时由体细胞胚和器官发生途径形成嫩梢,浓度30g/L以上时,叶柄由器官发生途径分化嫩梢。4种氨基酸中,L-脯氨酸和谷氨酰胺促进叶柄体细胞胚形成,以L-脯氨酸促进效果最好。 相似文献
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知母悬浮培养下的体细胞胚胎发生(简报) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
体细胞胚大量产生及高质量体细胞胚诱导是人工种子研制的关键.目前国内外对体细胞胚在液体悬浮培养体系中的诱导与分化已进行了大量的研究,其中在芹菜、防风等植物的悬浮培养中已获得了体细胞胚. 相似文献
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植物细胞工程研究应用与展望 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文介绍了植物细胞工程基础研究的发展现状,总结了胚胎培养、加倍单倍体技术、原生质体培养与体细胞杂交、体细胞无性系变异、快繁技术、植物来源生物产品生产技术的应用,展望了植物细胞工程的发展方向。 相似文献
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中华结缕草成熟胚再生影响因素研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
以中华结缕草(Zoysia sinica Hance)成熟胚为外植体,研究了培养基、水解酪蛋白(CH)、水解乳蛋白(LH)、植物生长调节剂等对愈伤组织诱导及其生长的影响,以及不同继代周期对愈伤组织分化及植株再生的影响。结果表明:2,4-D是影响愈伤组织诱导的关键因素;MS无机成分及有机成分含量对愈伤组织生长影响不显著,附加CH 500mg/L利于愈伤组织生长;继代培养次数直接影响胚性愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生;不经继代培养转入分化培养基的愈伤组织植株再生率最高达34.2%,随继代次数的增加,再生率明显下降,继代培养3次的愈伤组织再生率低于10%。 相似文献
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花生体细胞胚胎发生的组织细胞学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
成熟花生胚轴在MS 40mg/\L2,4-D 0.5mg/L KT培养基中可直接诱导产生体细胞胚,降低2,4-D的浓度,将诱导产生的体细胞胚组织块继代2-3次可诱导产生出米黄色颗粒状的胚性愈伤组织,继而产生体细胞胚。花生体细胞胚直接诱导起源于表皮或近表皮的细胞,其形成经历了跟合子胚相似的过程。花生胚性愈伤组织的细胞具有细胞小、胞质浓、核大、核仁明显,排列紧密的特点。经愈伤组织形成的体细胞胚以单细胞内起源方式发生。首先由体细胞胚单个原始细胞分裂形成2-细胞原胚,2-细胞原胚继续分裂成3-细胞原胚或4-细胞原胚,3-细胞原胚或4-细胞原胚继续分裂形成多细胞原胚,进一步发育形成一个完整的体细胞胚。 相似文献
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γ射线对苜蓿离体培养与植株再生的影响 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
以5个紫花苜蓿品种为材料,用于叶与下胚轴为外植体进行0—16kR的辐射处理,研究了不同照射量γ射线对出愈率、愈伤组织鲜重、体细胞胚诱导率和植株再生的影响。结果表明,子叶外植体的辐射敏感性高于下胚轴,2kR对愈伤组织的形成与生长、体细胞胚的产生和植株再生有不同程度的刺激作用;16kR完全抑制子叶愈、信组织的形成和生长。用英648和集宁两个品种的愈伤组织进行0—8kR的处理,结果发现,低于2kR对愈伤组织的生长和体细胞胚的形成具程度不等的刺激作用,8kR对愈伤组织具致死效应。苜蓿育种工作中离体诱变处理的最佳照射量为4—6kR。 相似文献
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冷诱导基因转录因子CBF1的组成型表达对植物的抗寒性及生长发育的影响 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:7
通过农杆菌介导法将玉米泛素启动子(Pubi)调控的CBF1基因以及CaMV35启动子调控的GUS基因一起转化烟草,研究了冷诱导基因的转录因子CBF1(CRT/DRE binding factor 1)对植物抗寒性及生长发育的影响。结果表明:CBF1的组成型表达增强了冷敏感植物的抗寒性;在表型上使植株矮壮,叶片着生密集,叶色深绿,叶厚度增加;促进侧枝生长,延长营养生长期,推迟花期;对植株的结实性无明显影响。植株抗寒能力以及表型变化程度与CBF1的表达强度相关。因此,利用CBF1基因进行植物遗传改良时应根据物种的应用特点采用合适的表达调控策略。 相似文献
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Neonicotinoids are crop protection agents used against sucking pests acting on receptor proteins of insect nervous system. Although many reports detail their insecticidal properties, reports on the effect on plant growth are minimal. We investigated the effect of neonicotinoids viz. imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid and thiacloprid on plant height, chlorophyll, and soluble protein of cotton and okra. Thiamethoxam was found to exert an influence on the plant height of cotton and okra. There was no marked influences of neonicotinoids on the total chlorophyll content of cotton leaves, whereas acetamiprid recorded a gradual increase in the total chlorophyll content of okra leaves at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. All the neonicotinoid insecticides under study showed an increase in the soluble protein content of cotton and okra. An increase in soluble protein content is reported to increase the ability of plants to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) effectively and thus increase photosynthesis. 相似文献
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Yinqiu Zhang Peidong Tai Peijun Li Wan Liu Wei Yin Qing Zhao 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1053-1064
The effect of two plant growth inhibitors maleic hydrazide (MH) and cyeloheximide (CHI) on cadmium (Cd) accumulation was investigated in Tagetes erecta L. The relative growth rate (RGR) as well as Cd content in shoots of Tagetes erecta L. was obviously decreased by the two inhibitors, indicating that there was close relationship between Cd accumulation in shoots and the plant growth. When the sulfur (S)-containing compound glutathione (GSH) was applied to the leaves of Tagetes erecta L. under the MH or CHI treatment, the decreased Cd content in shoots affected by MH was alleviated, but there was no effect of the GSH on Cd content in shoots under CHI treatment, suggesting that GSH has an counter-effect on Cd accumulation in shoots of Tagetes erecta L. under the MH treatment. All the results suggested that plant growth and S-containing compounds play an important role in Cd accumulation in Tagetes erecta L. 相似文献
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Kafeel Ahmad Zafar Iqbal Khan Muhammad Ibrahim Muhammad Ashraf Mumtaz Hussain 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):496-517
The key component for global sustainability is plant diversity, an essential for living sources on this planet. An investigation was carried out in the Soone Valley, Punjab, Pakistan to determine the nutritional value of plant diversity in relation to requirements of grazing ruminants therein. Various parameters such as moisture content, crude protein, mineral matter, fat fiber content, dry matter, nitrogen free extractable substances, and net energy were evaluated in this investigation. Results showed that various plant species studied exhibited fluctuation in all parameters in this valley. Correlation studies also indicated that various parameters showed negative as well as positive significant relationships with various parameters of soil in this valley. The information will be useful in further conservation program. A. farnesiana was negatively correlated (?0.335) with protein and mineral matter (?0.048). Significant correlations of different plant species regarding nitrogen- phosphorus- potassium (NPK) were recorded with net energy. Various variables studied in this investigation demonstrated their importance to be used in further conservation, research, and grazing livestock programs. 相似文献