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1.
生物质炭对单一与复合污染土壤中铜、铅、铬的钝化作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
外源投加重金属硝酸盐制得铜、铅、铬单一和复合三级污染土壤(800 mg kg~(-1)、1000 mg kg~(-1)、800 mg kg~(-1)),以热解制备的生物炭为钝化剂,根据重金属钝化率对钝化剂投加量进行优化,并通过改进的BCR(European Communities Bureau of Referent)分级提取方法研究最佳钝化剂投加量下土壤中重金属形态变化。结果表明:施入生物质炭后,单一与复合污染土壤重金属有效浓度均显著降低,确定2%和10%为单一和复合最佳投加量。最佳投加量下,单一与复合过程Cu、Pb、Cr钝化率分别为26.2%、10.9%、36.5%与12.7%、6.0%、37.6%。生物质炭的施入能促进金属离子从可交换态向残渣态和可还原态转变,比较单一与复合污染,Cu、Pb、Cr可交换态减少量分别从18.4%、20.5%、37.5%变为10.5%、18.2%、46.5%,残渣态增加量分别从138.1%、64.2%、41.6%变为37.4%、58.5%、48.2%。生物炭对土壤中Cr的钝化效果最佳,在复合污染土壤中更为明显。  相似文献   

2.
为了筛选出能有效抑制水稻各部位吸收积累Cr和Cu的有机和无机材料钝化剂组合,选取水稻土以盆栽试验研究了15种钝化剂组合对土壤Cr和Cu赋存形态及水稻各部位吸收积累Cr和Cu的影响。结果表明:15种钝化剂组合施用使土壤pH上升0.25~1.04,土壤阳离子交换量增加2.65%~50.96%,土壤有机质含量增加0.22%~17.20%,土壤可交换态Cr含量降低35.21%~55.63%;除生石灰+钝化剂4+鸡粪组合使土壤可还原态显著增加外,其他组合的土壤可还原态Cr无显著变化;土壤可氧化态和残渣态Cr均无明显变化;土壤可交换态Cu含量降低6.66%~33.42%;土壤可还原态和可氧化态Cu无明显变化;土壤残渣态Cu增加0.32%~5.04%,其中钝化剂3、生石灰+钝化剂1+鸡粪、生石灰+钝化剂4+鸡粪3个组合能显著增加土壤残渣态含量。根系对Cr和Cu的富集能力最大,15种钝化剂组合可使水稻根系、秸秆、稻壳和糙米中Cr含量分别下降4.59%~49.41%,39.84%~76.87%,7.14%~31.60%,17.32%~67.10%,水稻根系、秸秆、稻壳和糙米中Cu含量分别下降10.57%~48.41%,7.99%~52.53%,21.12%~45.11%,14.39%~66.92%。15种钝化剂组合均可降低糙米中Cr和Cu的含量,其中以生石灰+钝化剂2+鸡粪的效果最佳。  相似文献   

3.
通过同位素标记手段,并结合Tessier连续提取法,研究贝壳粉、磷酸氢二铵、羟基磷灰石以及这3种磷基材料的复合钝化剂对土壤Pb的钝化行为及其作用机理。结果发现,土壤中所有Pb形态都可被外加的富集206Pb同位素标记,但其中残渣态Pb较难与富集同位素交换,表明残渣态Pb在土壤中稳定性较强。添加磷基钝化剂(除羟基磷灰石外)后,土壤pH值均显著提高(P<0.05)。所有钝化剂能使土壤有机质含量和阳离子交换量显著升高(P<0.05)。通过对206Pb的监测,发现磷基钝化剂对水溶态(磷酸氢二铵除外)、可交换态、碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态Pb均有显著的钝化作用(P<0.05),其中复合钝化剂和磷酸氢二铵对可交换态Pb的钝化率可分别达到93.3%和89.7%,且磷基钝化剂可导致有机质结合态和残渣态中Pb的含量显著升高(P<0.05)。此外,通过Visual MINTEQ模型计算表明,复合钝化剂和磷酸氢二铵可通过产生氯磷酸盐等4种铅磷酸盐而有效降低土壤Pb2+的活度,达到钝化的效果。  相似文献   

4.
为探讨钝化剂种类和粒径对重金属污染土壤的钝化效果,采用室内培养的方法,通过添加三个粒径(60~100、100~200、200目)下的四种不同钝化剂(自制无机型钝化剂、石灰+生物质炭、硅藻土、磷矿粉),研究钝化剂种类和粒径对重金属复合污染土壤中有效态Cd、Pb的影响。钝化60 d之后的结果表明,自制无机型钝化剂、生物质炭+熟石灰和磷矿粉均在200目粒径下对土壤有效态Cd的钝化效果最好,较对照分别减少了9.54%、13.93%和11.08%;其中,硅藻土在100~200目的粒径下效果最佳,有效态Cd含量与对照相比降低了22.35%。自制无机型钝化剂、石灰+生物质炭、硅藻土和磷矿粉对土壤有效态Pb的钝化效果都在200目的粒径下最好,有效态Pb含量与对照相比分别减少了17.81%、18.70%、11.54%和22.19%,其中磷矿粉的钝化效果最佳。研究表明,自制无机型钝化剂、石灰+生物质炭和磷矿粉都是粒径越小钝化土壤重金属Cd、Pb效果越好,可能是由于较小粒径更有利于Cd和Pb由活性态向非活性态转化,硅藻土对Cd、Pb的钝化效果在三个粒径处理间差异不显著。  相似文献   

5.
采用连续提取法研究了猪粪堆肥处理中重金属浓度和形态的变化以及不同添加比例的重金属钝化剂对其浓度和形态的影响.结果表明:经过堆肥处理后,重金属As,Cu和Zn的浓度普遍升高;堆肥处理能促进重金属As,Cu和Zn的形态向活性降低的方向转化,因此堆肥处理可以降低重金属的生物有效性.在3种重金属钝化剂及不同添加比例处理中,猪粪堆肥重金属As的最佳钝化剂及其添加比例为7.5%的粉煤灰,对可交换态As的钝化效果为51.4%;重金属Cu的最佳钝化剂及其添加比例为2.5%的粉煤灰,对可交换态Cu的钝化效果为29.7%;重金属Zn的最佳钝化剂及其添加比例为5.0%的钙镁磷肥,对可交换态Zn的钝化效果为50.0%.因此,堆肥处理中添加重金属钝化剂可以降低猪粪堆肥中重金属的有效性,有利于降低猪粪堆肥土地利用中重金属污染的风险.  相似文献   

6.
刘静  秦樊鑫  罗谦  呼艳姣 《土壤通报》2022,53(6):1461-1470
  目的  探究三种钝化剂(碳酸钙、氧化钙和硅酸钙)对污染土壤汞(Hg)的钝化效果及辣椒吸收汞的影响。  方法  以贵州万山汞矿区汞污染耕地土壤为研究对象,以碳酸钙、氧化钙和硅酸钙为钝化材料,采用盆栽试验方法,研究三种钝化剂对土壤pH、汞化学形态和有效汞变化的影响,同时考查在外源钝化剂的驱动下,辣椒植株汞含量和汞转运系数的变化特征。  结果  碳酸钙、氧化钙和硅酸钙的施用分别使土壤pH提高0.74 ~ 2.28、2.11 ~ 5.24和1.79 ~ 2.62个单位,土壤活性态汞含量显著降低,残渣态汞含量显著升高,有效汞含量显著降低,且施加0.1%的氧化钙对土壤有效汞降低效果最佳。三种钝化剂均可使辣椒根、茎和果实汞含量降低,且随着钝化剂施加量的增加而降低,其中氧化钙对辣椒根部汞含量降低效果最好。三种钝化剂对辣椒植株各组织汞转运的影响存在差异,施用三种钝化剂均可促进辣椒根中汞向茎和叶中转运,但抑制辣椒根中汞向果实转运。  结论  三种钝化剂均可作为汞污染土壤的钝化修复材料,且均显著抑制辣椒吸收汞,其中,0.1%的氧化钙对土壤汞的钝化修复效果更好,值得推广应用。  相似文献   

7.
原位化学钝化技术是修复重金属污染土壤的重要途径之一,通过施入一些钝化剂以降低土壤中重金属有效态含量,从而减少其迁移及对植物的毒害。选取羟基磷灰石(HA)、磷矿粉(PRX和PRH)、沸石、赤泥、新鲜植物残体、玉米秸秆粉末以及相应的处理共21种钝化剂,在同一培养条件和添加浓度下,比较其对人工Cd污染土壤中可交换态Cd含量的影响,并分析了其在不同培养时间对钝化效果的时间效应,试验的结果对于筛选Cd污染土壤钝化剂有着重要的意义。结果表明,纳米化赤泥、羟基磷灰石和纳米化酸洗赤泥可显著降低土壤中可交换态Cd含量,钝化比例高达35%-55%;赤泥、酸洗赤泥、沸石达15%-25%;富含巯基植物蒜苗、油菜、大葱植物残体也可达20%-25%。磷矿粉、大葱粉末、玉米秸秆和巯基化玉米秸秆的钝化效果相对较差;HA、铵型沸石、纳米赤泥、酸洗纳米赤泥、干油菜粉末、酸洗赤泥对可交换态Cd的钝化效果的时间效应不明显;赤泥、大葱残体、特别是玉米秸秆和巯基玉米秸秆随时间增长钝化效果增加显著,在8周和16周时段钝化效果较好。  相似文献   

8.
不同钝化剂对猪粪堆肥中重金属形态转化的影响   总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11  
采用三级四步连续提取法(BCR)研究了磷矿粉、硅藻土和膨润土3种重金属钝化剂对猪粪堆肥过程中重金属As、Pb、Cd含量和形态的影响.结果表明:(1)堆肥处理后,重金属总量会表现出“相对浓缩效应”,使其浓度升高.(2)堆肥处理能促进重金属As、Pb、Cd的形态向活性降低的方向转化,从而降低其生物有效性.(3)不同钝化剂对不同重金属钝化效果不同,膨润土和磷矿粉对交换态铅的钝化效果较好;膨润土对交换态砷的钝化效果较好;硅藻土对交换态镉的钝化效果较好.因此,磷矿粉、硅藻土和膨润土处理有利于降低猪粪堆肥施用中的重金属污染风险.  相似文献   

9.
生物炭复配矿物质钝化修复重金属复合污染土壤的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
《土壤通报》2020,(1):195-200
选取稻壳生物炭、木屑生物炭、羟基磷灰石及蒙脱石作为钝化材料,按钝化剂5:土壤100的重量比添加到重金属复合污染土壤中,通过测定土壤重金属形态变化,研究了钝化材料修复重金属复合污染土壤的效果及其机理。结果表明:生物炭和矿物质均能有效固定土壤中重金属,其中羟基磷灰石的钝化效果最好,对土壤镉、铜和铅的固定化率分别为76.24%、74.26%和98.13%。蒙脱石的钝化效果最差。添加钝化剂后土壤重金属中的酸可提取态和可还原态向着更加稳定的可氧化态和残渣态转化,土壤重金属活性态比例下降。生物炭复配矿物质处理对土壤重金属的钝化效果介于单一生物炭处理和单一矿物质处理之间。此外,生物炭及矿物质均能有效地提高土壤pH,pH可能是影响土壤修复效果的关键因素。  相似文献   

10.
钝化剂对猪粪厌氧发酵沼渣中As的钝化效果及工艺优化   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
由于饲料添加剂的使用,规模化养殖场猪粪中重金属残留加剧。为了减少重金属污染,阐明钝化剂对发酵过程中As在沼渣中的含量及其形态转化的影响,为沼渣沼液的安全合理利用提供科学依据,该文以重金属As为研究对象,猪粪为发酵原料,采用厌氧发酵技术,通过正交试验,选取3个因素,每个因素3个水平,采用BCR提取法分析重金属形态。研究不同种类钝化剂(粉煤灰、硅藻土、活性炭),钝化剂的不同添加比例(2.5%,5%,7.5%)及不同发酵温度(25,30,35℃)对猪粪中重金属钝化效果的影响,结果表明:1)猪粪经厌氧发酵后重金属As大多数存留在沼渣中,在沼渣中质量分数范围在5.50~6.56 mg/kg之间;发酵前猪粪中残渣态质量分数为3.38 mg/kg,猪粪厌氧发酵后残渣态含量升高,说明添加钝化剂可以降低重金属As的生物活性,从而有效减少重金属的危害;2)影响重金属As有效态钝化效果的因素主次顺序为钝化剂种类,钝化剂的添加比例及发酵温度;钝化剂种类对As有效态钝化效果有显著的影响,而钝化剂添加比例及发酵温度对有效态钝化效果影响不显著;3)重金属As有效态的钝化效果最好的是添加7.5%的活性炭,发酵温度为30℃的试验处理,其钝化效果可达到62.34%。猪粪厌氧发酵中添加适量的重金属钝化剂,可以在一定程度上降低沼渣中重金属的有效性以及沼渣利用中重金属污染的风险。  相似文献   

11.
土壤调理剂对冷浸田土壤特性及水稻生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
冷浸田因长期受冷泉水浸渍,土体封闭,通气不良,土壤Eh值和有效养分低下,水稻产量偏低。本研究以单施化肥为对照,设置增施生物稻糠、脱硫灰、石膏、过氧化钙和硅钙肥处理,通过田间小区试验和定期观测,探究了不同土壤调理剂对冷浸田土壤特性及水稻生长的影响。结果表明:与CK处理比较,施用生物稻糠和石膏土壤活性还原物质含量分别降低了52%和30%,从而提高了土壤的氧化性能;土壤细菌数分别提高200%和96%,真菌数分别下降16%和10%,进而提高土壤供氮能力。而施用脱硫灰和石膏调节了土壤养分,土壤有效磷含量均增加83%,速效钾含量分别增加50%和13%,水稻叶绿素含量分别提高3%和5%。施用石膏、生物稻糠和脱硫灰水稻分别增产13.0%、10.1%和5.1%。研究认为,施用土壤调理剂能消减冷浸田还原物质毒害,提升土壤微生物活性,提高土壤养分供应,促进水稻增产,并以生物稻糠、石膏和脱硫灰效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Crop yields in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the U.S.A. are limited by the low moisture-holding capacities of the sandy soils common to the region. Corn was grown in a Hammonton loamy sand soil amended with fly ash (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40%) to determine if the ash rates required to improve soil moisture holding capacity would adversely affect plant growth, or soil and plant levels of nutrients and heavy metals. Fly ash increased soil test levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb. Nutrient concentrations in plants grown in the ash-amended soils, except P, Mn, and B, remained within established sufficiency ranges. The 20 and 40% ash rates increased soil soluble salt (EC) levels from 0.2 to 1.1–1.5 and 1.7–2.1 mmho cm?1, soil pH from 5.6 to 6.0–6.4 or 6.3–6.9, and extractable B from 0.2 to 2.2–5.9 and 2.2–9.0 mg kg?1. Fly ash reduced corn germination, delayed seedling emergence, and reduced root and shoot dry weights. Plant B concentrations at the 40% ash rate were in the phytotoxic range (136–189 mg kg?1). Management practices that allow for pre-leaching of B and soluble salts will likely be required to attain satisfactory corn growth in ash-amended soils.  相似文献   

13.
粉煤灰对污染土壤中铜镉的稳定化   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用批衡量吸附和室内培养实验,考察了粉煤灰对Cu和Cd的吸附等温线及0.2%、0.5%、1%和2%用量的粉煤灰对土壤pH、有效态Cu和Cd、以及5种化学形态Cu和Cd分布的影响。结果表明:粉煤灰对Cu和Cd的吸附等温线均可以用Langmuir和Freundlich方程进行拟合,其对Cu的最大吸附量(9.90 mg/g)高于对Cd的最大吸附量(9.43 mg/g)。随着粉煤灰用量的增加,土壤pH显著增加,有效态Cu和Cd显著降低。同时,粉煤灰处理显著降低了离子交换态Cu和Cd含量,增加了铁锰氧化物结合态Cu和Cd含量,降低了Cu和Cd活性,使活性态Cu和Cd逐渐向潜在活性态和非活性态转化。其中培养60天后,2%处理的粉煤灰处理较对照pH提高了0.44个单位,离子交换态Cu和Cd分别降低了35.7%和35.9%。因此,粉煤灰能够有效吸附Cu和Cd,显著降低土壤有效态和离子交换态Cu和Cd的含量,在重金属稳定化修复应用中具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

14.
Fly ash was collected from a coal-fired power plant in and near the U.S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site to study the feasibility of the application of fly ash compost mixture to soils for the availability and uptake of various elements by corn (Zea mays L.). The crop was grown in potted Ogeechee sandy loam soil using eight treatments: soil alone, soil amended with 15% compost, and soil amended with 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of fly ash-amended compost. It was observed that 20–25% fly ash and compost soil ratio treatments generally increased plant growth and the yield. The plant uptake of K, Mn, and Cu increased with increasing percentages (2–25%) of fly ash+compost: soil ratios. The total content of K in plants was positively correlated with the dry matter yield of corn. This study indicates that the application of fly ash blended with compost to soil is beneficial to corn production without causing any deleterious effects on plant growth and plant composition.  相似文献   

15.
A major limitation to crop yields in the Atlantic Coastal Plain is drought stress caused by the low moisture-holding capacities of the coarse-textured soils common to the area. Because coal fly ash is comprised primarily of silt and clay-sized particles, it has the potential, if applied at high enough rates, to permanently change soil texture and increase moisture holding capacity. A series of soil column studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of high rates of fly ash on soil hydraulic properties and elemental leaching of trace metals and boron. Fly ash from two Delaware power plants (EM=Edgemoor and IR=Indian River) was incorporated in a Hammonton loamy sand (fine-loamy, siliceous, mesic, Typic Hapludults) at six rates (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40%, by weight). The effect of fly ash on soil moisture holding capacity, hydraulic conductivity, and wetting front velocity was determined. Leachates from columns amended with 30% fly ash were analyzed for B, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn. Soil moisture holding capacity was increased from 12% in the soil alone to 25% in the soil amended with 30% fly ash. Boron and soluble salts leached rapidly from ash amended soils while only trace quantities of Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn were detected in column leachates.  相似文献   

16.
采用盆栽试验研究3种钝化剂(粉煤灰、磷灰石和膨润土)对黑土中铜(Cu)的化学形态、生物积累和有效性的影响。结果表明:3种钝化剂能显著降低Cu污染黑土中水提取态(DW)、TCLP提取态和二乙基三胺五乙酸-三乙醇胺(DTPA-TEA)提取态Cu含量,其中以膨润土的效果最为明显;Tessier连续提取测定发现,3种钝化剂显著降低非残留态Cu(水溶态和交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和有机结合态)含量(p<0.01),增加残留态Cu含量,表明3种钝化剂通过改变黑土中Cu的化学形态,降低了黑土中Cu的可淋失性和生物有效性;与对照相比,添加钝化剂能显著降低水稻地上部分的Cu含量(p<0.01),如在400Cu mg/kg处理的土壤上,添加2.5%的粉煤灰、磷灰石和膨润土使米粉中的Cu含量分别降低21.8%,22.7%和31.9%。土壤中可淋失态和生物有效态Cu的分析表明,钝化剂主要是通过改变土壤中Cu的化学形态,降低土壤中Cu的生物有效性,以降低Cu在水稻中的积累;试验表明,Cu污染土壤中施用钝化剂可以修复Cu污染,降低水稻Cu污染风险。  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

The effectiveness of the application of raw (PR‐1), and partially acidulated phosphate rock (PR), at 25% (PR‐25) and at 50% (PR‐50), was investigated to reduce extractability and plant uptake of Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn in three calciorthids soils.Furthermore, the effects of soil treatments on metal extractability were evaluated by sequential extraction. Similarly, such effects were assessed on the phytoavailability of metals of maize (Zea mays L.) through a pot experiment. Water‐soluble and exchangeable metal fractions (the bioavailable fractions) were influenced distinctively by PR treatments and soil properties. In addition, decrease of soluble and exchangeable metal fractions was compensated by an increase in metal extracted from other fractions. Most bioavailable soil metals correlated significantly with their associated level in plant tissue. Finally, plant metal uptake decreased with PR treatments, suggesting that PR application was likely to be effective in controlling metal immobilization in these soils.  相似文献   

18.
根迹土壤根诱导的化学变化对植物吸收重金属的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
K. R. KIM  G. OWENS  R. NAIDU 《土壤圈》2010,20(4):494-504
It is increasingly recognized that metal bioavailability is a better indicator of the potential for phytoremediation than the total metal concentration in soils; therefore, an understanding of the inffuence of phytoremediation plants on metal dynamics at the soil-root interface is increasingly vital for the successful implementation of this remediation technique. In this study, we investigated the heavy metal and soil solution chemical changes at field moisture, after growth of either Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) or sunffower (Helianthus annuus L.), in long-term contaminated soils and the subsequent metal uptake by the selected plants. In addition, the fractions of free metal ions in soil solution were determined using the Donnan membrane technique. After plant growth soil solution pH increased by 0.2-1.4 units and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased by 1-99 mg L-1 in all soils examined. Soluble Cd and Zn decreased after Indian mustard growth in all soils examined, and this was attributed to increases in soil solution pH (by 0.9 units) after plant growth. Concentrations of soluble Cu and Pb decreased in acidic soils but increased in alkaline soils. This discrepancy was likely due to a competitive effect between plant-induced pH and DOC changes on the magnitude of metal solubility. The fractions of free Cd and Zn ranged from 7.2% to 32% and 6.4% to 73%, respectively, and they generally decreased as pH and DOC increased after plant growth. Metal uptake by plants was dependant on the soil solution metal concentration, which was governed by changes in pH and DOC induced by plant exudates, rather than on the total metal concentrations. Although plant uptake also varied with metal and soil types, overall soluble metal concentrations in the rhizosphere were mainly inffuenced by root-induced changes in pH and DOC which subsequently affected the metal uptake by plants.  相似文献   

19.
Wong  J. W. C.  Jiang  R. F.  Su  D. C. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1998,106(1-2):137-147
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the boron (B) release capacity of coal fly ash and sewage sludge mixtures, and the accumulation of B in Agropyron elongatum after two consecutive growing seasons. Sludge was amended with fly ash at application rates of 0, 5, 10, 35, and 50% (w/w), and each mixture was then mixed with a loamy soil at either 1:1 or 1:5 (v/v). Both water soluble B (WS-B) and hot water soluble B (HWS-B) increased with increasing fly ash amendment rate. Shoot B concentrations also increased significantly according to the rate of ash amendment. The ash-sludge mixture improved plant growth with the highest total dry weight yield at 10% ash amendment rate. Boron toxicity symptoms in leaf tips were observed at 35% and 50% ash amendment rate at both soil mixing ratios. Hot water soluble B and WS-B decreased significantly after consecutive cropping of Agropyron especially at low ratio of mixure with soil i.e., 1:5 (v/v). However, soil available B contents at ≥ 35% ash application rate and 1:1 (v/v) soil mixing ratio were still excessive for normal plant growth, suggesting that deleterious effects on plant growth would be experienced in later seasons owing to the high amounts of residual B.  相似文献   

20.
Rhizosphere processes have a major impact on copper (Cu) availability and its fractions in soils. A greenhouse experiment with wheat was performed to investigate availability (using seven chemical procedures) and fractionation of Cu in the rhizosphere of ten agricultural soils (Typic Calcixerepts) amended with sewage sludge (1% w/w) using rhizoboxes. The results show that available Cu concentrations in rhizosphere soils were significantly (P < 1%) lower than in bulk soils. In comparison with the bulk soils, in the rhizosphere soils the concentration of Cu associated with organic matter and residual Cu increased by 24 and 4%, respectively, whereas exchangeable Cu, Cu associated with iron‐manganese oxides, and Cu associated with carbonate decreased by 20, 14, and 12%, respectively. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and Cu associated with iron‐manganese oxides and Cu associated with organic matter in the rhizosphere and bulk soils were significantly correlated (P < 5%). The results show that the differences between rhizosphere and bulk soils in chemical conditions such as DOC concentrations can change the proportion of soil Cu fractions and, therefore, Cu availability for wheat in calcareous soils amended with sewage sludge. The results show that the wheat root‐induced modifications of chemical and biological soil conditions do not only lead to Cu depletion in mobile soil Cu fractions, but also to modification in soil Cu fractions which are commonly considered as more stable.  相似文献   

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