江苏省如皋市土系及其生产性能和生态环境特征

以江苏省如皋市为例,在收集第二次土壤普查资料和已有的研究成果基础上,经过野外土壤观察和调查、土壤基本理化性质和微量元素性质分析,进行了该市土系划分及其生产性能和生态环境特征的研究。研究确定了土系划分的原则和依据、特征土层等,划分出9个土系。各土系土壤基本理化和微量元素性质的差异很好地验证了土系划分的可靠性。各土系在颗粒组成、化学性质、养分性质、微量元素含量等方面均具有显著差异,反映出各土系独特的生产性能和生态环境特征。     

淮北平原样区的土系划分

本文根据中国土壤系统分类课题研究的总要求，应用《中国土壤系统分类（修订方案）》的诊断层和诊断特性，探讨了淮北平原样区的土系划分，在有关土系认识的基础上，提出了土系划分的原则与依据，对样区土系作了具体划分。     

土系划分方法研究——以江苏省新沂样区为例

作为土壤系统分类的基层分类单元,土系的划分必须经过实地调查,重视控制层段和特征土层的设立,并选择合适的分异特性作为分类指标。本文选择样区内不同景观单元中的10个土壤剖面,根据中国土壤系统分类的要求,探讨了样区内土壤诊断层、诊断特性及其在中国土壤系统分类中的归属;并在有关土系认识的基础上,探讨了土系划分的原则、依据和具体划分方法,确立了研究区土壤所具有的特征土层,依据①特征土层的种类、排列、厚度,②土壤质地和③土壤有机质含量这三类指标,把样区土壤划分为10个土系。     

Soil Series Classification Approach——A Case Study in Xinyi, Jiangsu Province

作为土壤系统分类的基层分类单元,土系的划分必须经过实地调查,重视控制层段和特征土层的设立,并选择合适的分异特性作为分类指标.本文选择样区内不同景观单元中的10个土壤剖面,根据中国土壤系统分类的要求,探讨了样区内土壤诊断层、诊断特性及其在中国土壤系统分类中的归属;并在有关土系认识的基础上,探讨了土系划分的原则、依据和具体划分方法,确立了研究区土壤所具有的特征土层,依据①特征土层的种类、排列、厚度,②土壤质地和③土壤有机质含量这三类指标,把样区土壤划分为10个土系.     

中国南方富铁铝化土壤土系建立进展

土壤基层分类单元划分，特别是土系建设是土壤系统分类的基础，也能直接为农业生产提供更详细的科学指导。富铁铝化土壤（砖红壤、赤红壤和红壤）在我国南方广泛分布，为了解其在中国土壤系统分类中归属以及土系建设情况，本文综述了自2008年以来土系研究的相关成果，系统分析了富铁铝化土壤诊断层和诊断特性检索、高级分类单元归属以及基层分类单元建设现状，并展望了土系建设的发展方向：进一步细化土系划分和描述标准，加强新土系建设，加强新技术和新方法在土系建设中的应用，加大和扩展土系建设成果的运用，旨在为我国南方富铁铝化土壤系统分类研究提供参考。     

论特征土层与土系划分

本文简述了用于土壤分类的各类土层、发生层与诊断层的含义、区别和应用 ,重点探讨了我国土壤系统分类中划分土系的特征土层 ,含义特性及具体应用 ,供我国土系划分研究借鉴     

河南省土壤系统分类中典型土系简介

土系是我国土壤系统分类的最基层分类单元;而尽快建立健全覆盖我国各区域的典型土系是我国土壤系统分类的一项急迫工作。重点介绍河南省的土系建立情况,在222个典型单个土体的野外调查和实验测定数据基础上,依据《中国土壤系统分类检索(第三版)》和《中国土壤系统分类土族和土系划分标准》,共划分了5个土纲,11个亚纲,22个土类和39个亚类,建立了187个土系,并以农业耕作区的21个典型土系为例,介绍了河南省土系建立情况。     

成都平原主要水耕人为土土系的划分研究

本文以成都平原主要水耕人为土为例,在中国土壤系统分类思想的指导下,通过典型采样、土壤详查、环境调查和室内理化分析,按照土系划分指标的稳定性、差异性、主导性及综合性等原则,对样区水耕人为土的土系进行了具体划分研究。     

河南省典型土系的特定土层特征与分类研究

根据土壤发生学理论,在土壤景观相似的土壤中(如相同母质、相似气候、相同地形以及相似的植物类型和动物活动),土壤的属性具有相似性;然而由于地理环境中复杂的成土因素的影响,土壤绝无完全相同的土壤个体。在划分土壤地理发生分类基层单元土种和系统分类基层单元土系时,特定土层被用于反映土体构型差异。但特定土层类型多样,目前尚处于模糊状态,随着土系划分研究的深入,有必要对其进行分门别类与归纳整理。本文以河南省典型土系为例,梳理和总结了土系划分时涉及的主要特定土层,从特定土层形成根源上将其分为现代成土环境下土壤发生过程形成的、地质成因或地质时期土壤环境下发育形成的和人类活动产生的三个类型,并提出了基于土系概念的特定土层分类与检索体系,旨在使特定土层的概念更为系统、全面、开放,以便于使用。     

黄淮海平原粘土层在土系划分中的意义,分类指标和土系初建

通过整理分析有关粘土层对土壤水盐运动影响的研究资料和对黄淮海平原３０个有粘土层的 土壤剖面的归纳总结．研究确定了不同粘土层厚度和粘土层出现部位的土系划分指标，并将这３０个土壤剖面分类为９个土系．     

Characteristics of free sesquioxides and humic acids in soil distributed under Warm-temperate forest climate in Nyu mountains,Fukui Prefecture,Central Japan

The activity and crystallinity ratios of free iron oxides, and the ΔlogK and RF values of humic acids were analyzed in five soil types in the Nyu mountains, Fukui Prefecture, to examine the relation between the zonality of soils and the bioclimatic conditions under the Warm-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest climate. The characteristics of free iron oxides and humic acids were as follows: The Dark red soil, Kunimidake series was a Dark Red soil under the Cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest climate; the Dry brown forest soil (reddish), Tega series was a Yellow-Brown Forest soil under the Warm-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest climate; the Dry brown forest soil, Takasu-1 series and the Yellow soil, Yada series were Yellow-Brown Forest soils under the Warm-temperate lucidophyllous forest climate; and the Red soil, Oshibayama series and the lower parts of the Tega series were paleo-red soils. These results indicated that zonal soils under the Warm-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest climate were Yellow-Brown Forest soils in the Nyu mountains, Fukui Prefecture. The Dark red soil, Kunimidake series corresponded to a Hyperdystri-Rhodic Cambisol of World Reference Base for Soil Resources, WRB (FAO, ISRIC, and ISSS: World Soil Resources Reports 84, 1998). The Dry brown forest soil (reddish), Tega series, the Dry brown forest soil, Takasu-1 series, and the Red soil, Oshibayama series were compared with the Hyperdystri-Chromic Cambisol (WRB). The Yellow soil, Yada series was a Hypereutri-Chromic Cambisol (WRB).     

辽宁省沈阳样区土系的划分

本文在对沈阳样区进行广泛调查的基础上 ,对约 10 0个土壤剖面进行了详细观测、描述 ,对 14个典型土壤剖面进行了取样、分析和比较 ,探讨了土族和土系划分的原则与依据 ,并在样区建立了 14个土系     

基于野外调查信息的山东省临朐县典型烟田土壤系统分类

以山东省临朐县为研究区域,通过其典型优质烟田的野外土壤调查信息尝试建立相应的土系.结果表明:临朐县8个植烟片区9个典型优质烟田,主要为分布在高丘坡上的旱地,可归为淋溶土、雏形土和新成±;在系统分类上可划分为3个土纲、3个亚纲、5个土类、6个亚类、6个土族和8个土系;不同的土系在植烟优劣方面存在一定差异,属于淋溶土的土系有效土层深厚,但有黏化层可能妨碍根系下扎;属于雏形土和新成土的土系颗粒较粗而通透性好,养分含量较低易调控,但有效土层偏薄.     

浙江省金衢盆地土系数据库建设

以国家科技基础性工作＂我国土系调查与‘中国土系志’编制＂的研究工作为基础,系统地整理了浙江省金衢盆地（金华盆地和衢州盆地）的土系调查数据及土壤图、地形图、土地利用现状图和行政区划图等图形数据。在ArcGIS和Microsoft Office Access的支持下,建立了金衢盆地土系数据库,实现了区域内土系信息资料的高效有序管理,从而推动研究区现代农业的发展。     

Refining soil survey information for a Dutch soil series using land use history

Abstract. Differences in land-use history within soil series, although not influencing soil classification, lead to variability of non-diagnostic soil properties in soil databases. Regional studies that use soil databases are confronted with this considerable variability. This has, for example, been reported in regional studies focused on nitrate leaching from agricultural land. Such findings have a direct impact on regional assessments of nitrate leaching from dairy farms on sandy soils, a major environmental issue in the Netherlands. There is thus a need to deal with this variability in soil properties.
We were able to relate soil organic nitrogen, soil organic carbon and its dynamics to land use history for a Dutch sandy soil series. Within one soil series, three different land use histories were identified: old grassland, reseeded grassland and grassland converted from continuous cropping with silage maize. The addition of landscape characteristics significantly improved the regression models based on land-use only. Once established for any given soil series, such relationships can significantly improve soil survey input into dynamic models of soil behaviour such as regional nitrate leaching studies.     

我国东北烟区典型烟田土壤系统分类研究

以黑龙江的宁安、吉林的汪清和辽宁的宽甸为我国东北烟区的代表,通过15个典型优质烟田的土壤调查,本研究尝试建立相应的土系。结果表明：①调查的15个典型烟田土壤在系统分类上可归为3个土纲(淋溶土、雏形土和新成土)、5个亚纲、6个土类、7个亚类、11个土族和土系。②不同土系的烟田各有优劣,属于不同土纲的土系在植烟适宜性上有很大差异,淋溶土的土系有效土层深厚,养分含量适中、比例协调,劣势在于黏化层存在可能会限制根系下扎;属于雏形土和新成土的土系优势在土壤颗粒较粗,通透性好,养分含量虽然低但易于通过施肥调控,劣势在于有效土层偏薄。     

慈溪市土壤系统分类研究

本文对浙江省慈溪市第二次土壤普查土壤分类系统进行了修订,并建立了慈溪市土壤系统分类,依据浙江省土系建立的原则和要求,初步建立了慈溪市土壤的土族和土系。     

金沙江干热峡谷中退化的土壤生态系统生物学特征初探

Distribution characteristics of soil animals,microorganisms and enzymatic activity were studied in the dry red soil and Vertisol ecosystems with different degradation degrees in the Yuanmou dry hot valley of the Jinsha River,China.Results showed that Hymenoptera,Araneae and Collembola were the dominant groups of soil animals in the polts studied.The numbers of groups and individuals and density of soil animals in the dry red soil series were higher than those in the Vertisol series,and the numbers of individuals and density of soil animals decreased with the degree of soil degradation.Bacteria dominated microbiococnosis not only in the dry red soils but also in the Vertisols.Microbial numbers of the dry red soil series were higher than those of Vertisol series,and decreased with the degree of soil degradation.The activities of catalase,invertase,urease and alkaline phosphatase declined with the degradation degree and showed a significant decline with depth in the profiles of both the dry red soils and the Vertisols,but activities of polyphenol oxidase and acid and neutral phosphatase showed the same tendencies only in the Vertisols.It was concluded that the characteristics of soil animals,microorganisms and enzymatic activity could be used as the bio-indicators to show the degradation degree of the dry red soils and Vertisols.Correlation among these soil bio-indicators was highly significant.