根据形态学和分子系统学特征界定拟盘多毛孢属的种

以拟盘多毛孢属108个ITS（内转录间区）序列建立了分子系统树,探讨拟盘多毛孢属的形态特征与分子系统树的相互关系.结果表明,拟盘多毛孢属首先按照分生孢子有色胞的颜色区分为暗色和淡色（同色）2个分支,暗色组再分成2个亚分支--同色亚分支和异色亚分支,淡色分支内进一步根据顶端附属丝特征和基部附属丝的有无区分为7个亚分支.寄主植物的某个分类单元在拟盘多毛孢属的分子系统树上并未形成特定的分支.通过对形态特征与分子系统树结合分析,重新界定小孢拟盘多毛孢（Pestalotiopsis microspora）、异色拟盘多毛孢（P.versicolor）和茶拟盘多毛孢（P.theae）.     

从分子系统学角度分析拟盘多毛孢属及其近缘属的界限

拟盘多毛孢属和截盘多毛孢属的划分界限长期以来因分类学家的观点不一致而处于模糊状态，以核糖体DNA的内转录间区序列建立分子系统树的结果支持五细胞分生孢子类型应归入拟盘多毛孢属，四细胞分生孢子类型应归入截盘多毛孢属，分子系统树同时可以反映无性阶段和有性阶段之间的联系，显示出分子系统学对形态分类学的客观性的评判作用。     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种(Ⅴ)

首次报道中国拟盘多毛孢属5个不同的新组合种.这5个新组合种是:虾仔花拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis woodfordiae、鳞秕泽米铁拟盘多毛孢P.betazamiae、日本枇杷拟盘多毛孢P.eriobotrya-ejaponicae、黄兰拟盘多毛孢P.micheliae、秋枫拟盘多毛孢P.bischofiae.     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种(Ⅵ)

首次报道中国拟盘多毛孢属5个不同的新组合种。这5个新组合种是:虾仔花拟盘多毛孢P esta lo-tiop sis w oodf ord iae、鳞秕泽米铁拟盘多毛孢P.betazam iae、日本枇杷拟盘多毛孢P.eriobotryae-jap on icae、黄兰拟盘多毛孢P.m icheliae、秋枫拟盘多毛孢P.bischof iae。     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种(Ⅰ)

按近代 Steyaert(1949年)和 Sutton(1969,1975,1980年)有关拟盘多毛孢属(Pestalotiopsis)类真菌的分类体系及有关鉴定性状,将原归隶 Guba(1961)广义的盘多毛孢属(Pestalotia)内的17个种,进行重新组合,归入拟盘多毛孢属内,并作了重新描述。这17个新组合种是:1.寄生在芒果上的疏毛拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis pauciseta(Sacc.)Y.X.Chencomb.nov.);2.寄生在竹节海棠上的地肥拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis elephants(Car.)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);3.寄生在咖啡上的咖啡拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis coffeae(Zimm)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);4.寄生在紫玉盘和半枫荷叶部上的复红色拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis fuch-siae(Thuem)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);5.寄生在毛柿上的萨卡度拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsissaccardens(Guba)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);6.寄生在人心果上的肿瘤状拟盘多毛孢(Pestalo-tiopsis scirrofaciens(N.A.Brown)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);7.寄生在海棠果上的海棠拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis calophylli(P.Henn)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);8.寄生在菝葜上的近小球状拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis sphaerelloides(Ell.& Langl)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);9.寄生在棕榈、海枣及油梨上的鲜红拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis phoenicis(Vize)Y.X.Chencomb.nov.);10.寄生在龙眼和酸藤果叶部上的巴拉圭拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis paraguarien-sis(Maubl)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);11.寄生在紫金牛叶部上的夷兰拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiop-sis canangae(Koord)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);12.奇生在杨梅上的爪哇拟盘多毛孢(Pestalo-tiopsis javanica(Guba)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);13.寄生在石南叶部上的石南拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis photiniae(Thuem)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);14.寄生在大化紫薇叶部上的大花紫薇拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis lagerstromiae(Mahaiskar)Y.X.Chen comb.nov);15.寄生于川挂、广西玉桂和黄樟上的驼背拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis gibberosa(Sacc.)Y.X.Chencomb.nov.);16.寄生在枇杷叶部上的稠李拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis laurocerasi(Westd)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.);17.寄生在紫荆叶片上的长角状拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis siliquastri(Thuem)Y.X.Chen comb.nov.)。     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的三个新种

本文报道拟盘多毛孢属的3个新种，它们是橄榄拟盘多毛孢、瓜栗拟盘多毛孢和鹤顶兰拟盘多毛孢。新种的模式标本保藏在广西大学农学院植保系标本室。     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种（Ⅱ）

本文为中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种（Ｉ）的继篇，报导了１８个不同的新组合种。这１８个新组合种是：１８．寄生在中粒种咖啡和黄檀树叶部的白斑拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓａｌｂｏ－ｍａｃｕｌａｎｓ（Ｐ．Ｈｅｎｎ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；１９．寄生在槭树属的鸡爪槭、樟叶槭、五角槭、三角槭、五裂槭和三裂槭等多种植物上的槭树拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓａｃｅｒｉｓ（Ｐ．Ｈｅｎｎ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；２０．寄生在悬钩子属的越南悬钩子、宜昌悬钩子、扇叶悬钩子、粗叶悬钩子和悬钩子上的触角形拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓａｎｔｅｎｎａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓ（Ｂ．Ｊ．Ｍｕｒｒｒａｙ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；２１．寄生在卫茅属的金星卫茅和卫茅及假卫茅上的卡罗列那拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｌｉｏｐｓｉｓｃａｒｏｌｉｎｉａｎａ（Ｏｕｂａ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；２２．寄生在樟树上的樟树拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｉ（Ｂ．ｄｅＨａａｎ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；２３．寄生在棕榈科的　棕和西谷棕上的刚果拟盘多毛孢（Ｐ     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种(Ⅳ)

按近代 Steyaert(1 95 3年 )和 Sutton(1 980年 )有关拟盘多毛孢属 (Pestalotiopsis)的分类体系和有关鉴定性状 ,本文首次报道中国拟盘多毛孢属 8个不同的新组合种。这 8个新组合种是 :(1 )寄生在石榴叶部的石榴拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsispunicae(Husei) Y.X.Chen et Z.W.Wang comb.nov.;(2 )寄生在草莓叶部的阿寇东拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsis jeolikotonis(S.K.Bose) Y.X.Chen et G.Wei comb.nov.;(3 )寄生在山楂叶片、幼苗、枝条与主干等部位的山楂拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsis crataegine(Ell. &EV.Bull)Y.X.Chen et Z.W.Wang comb.nov.;(4 )寄生在木菠萝叶部和果实等部位的木菠萝拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis artocarpi(Nag Raj&Kendric) Y.X.Chen et G.Weicomb.nov.;(5 )寄生在酸藤果叶部的酸藤果拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsis embeliae (M.S.Patil &Theite) Y.X.Chen et G.Weicomb.nov.;(6)寄生在海葡萄叶部的海葡萄拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsiscoccolobae(Ell.et EV.Bull) Y.X.Chen et G.Wei comb.nov.;(7)寄生在华榛叶部的华榛拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsiscoryli(Roster) Y.X.Chen et G.Weicomb.nov.;(8)寄生在荔枝叶部的荔枝拟盘多毛孢 Pestalotiopsislitchii (Sawada) Y.X.Chen et G.Wei comb.nov.     

中国拟盘多毛孢属的新组合种(Ⅲ)

本文为中国拟盘多毛孢属新组合种（Ⅰ）、（Ⅱ）的续篇，报道１１个不同的新组合种。这１１个新组合种是：３６．寄生在柑桔和黄皮树叶部的柑桔拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｃｉｔｒｉ（Ｍｕｎｄｋ＆Ｋｈｅｓｗａｌａ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ）；３７．寄生在忍冬科荚艹迷属植物的叶部的双纤毛拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｂｉｃｉｌｉａ（Ｄｅａｒｎ＆Ｂｉｓｂｙ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｍｏｖ．）；３８．寄生在腰果树叶部的异角状的拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｈｅｔｅｒｏｃｏｒｎｉｓ（Ｇｕｂａ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；３９．寄生在月桂的叶部的孢子器型拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｐｙｃｎｏｉｄｅｓ（Ａｌｍ．＆Ｃａｍａｒａ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；４０．寄生在杜鹃花科的白珠树叶部的白珠树拟盘多毛孢（ＰｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｇａｕｔｈｅｒｉａｅＤｅａｒｎ＆Ｈｏｕｓｅ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；４１．寄生在雀梅藤和鼠李叶部的鼠李拟盘多毛孢（Ｐｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉｏｐｓｉｓｒｈａｍａｎｉ（Ｃｅｌｏｔｉ）Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｃｈｅｎｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．）；４２．     

盘单毛孢属及五隔盘单毛孢属的3个新种

在研究盘单毛孢属及五隔盘单毛孢属真菌的过程中发现3个新种，这些新种是木麻黄盘单毛孢，荚迷盘单毛孢和铁线子五隔盘单毛孢。新种模式标本保藏在广西大学农学院植保系标本室。     

ITS鉴定真菌病原：一例司法鉴定研究实例

本研究选择一例疑似空气污染物伤害松树的司法鉴定案作为研究实例,在现场勘察和初步形态鉴定的基础上,应用ITS序列分析鉴定了对疑似空气污染物伤害松树的病原做了分子鉴定。我们对委托鉴定的疑似空气污染物伤害松树的地及周边地区进行了勘查,现场勘查结果并不支持空气污染物伤害松树的看法。为明确松树枯死的原因,对取样病枝上的疑似病原物进行了显微镜观察和培养性状观察,根据显微镜下孢子的形态和病原菌的培养性状,初步判断导致马尾松枯死的病原可能为拟盘多毛孢属（Pestalotipsis）真菌。为进一步确定病原种类,我们应用分子生物学技术对危害马尾松的病原物进行了ITS分子鉴定。测定了疑似真菌的ITS序列,并进行了比对和系统发育分析。研究结果表明,导致松树枯死的病原菌系韦司梅拟盘多毛孢（Pestalotipsis vismiae）。在本研究案例中,利用真菌ITS序列的系统发育分析,快速、准确地鉴定了真正导致松树枯死的病原,为今后类似司法鉴定案件审理提供了证据鉴定的新手段。     

广西农田蜘蛛区系分析

广西已定名的农田蜘蛛计有405种，隶属于40科，158属。区系结构以东洋区万分为主，占统计种的70．27％。各区成分大小排序为：东洋种＞东洋一古北共有种＞特有种＞古北种。同时，对广西农田蜘蛛区系的结构特点也进行了分析。     

Plant life history traits of rare versus frequent plant taxa of sandplains: Implications for research and management trials

I apply a comparative, functional group approach to coastal sandplain grassland taxa in order to examine whether rare plant species share certain aspects of rarity and life history characters that are distinct from their more common, co-occurring congeners in these habitats. I compiled a comparative data set containing 16 variables describing biogeographic distributions, level of imperilment, habitat specialization, vegetative versus sexual reproduction, seed dispersal, and dormancy of 27 closely-related pairs of plant species that contrast in their abundance (infrequent versus common) in coastal sandplain grasslands. Frequent and infrequent species were paired within genera (or closely related genera) and thus distributed equivalently across families to control for phylogenetic bias. Paired comparisons revealed that infrequent species were intrinsically rarer range-wide, and exhibited a narrower range and more habitat specialization than their common relatives. A classification tree distinguished infrequent species from common species on the basis of higher habitat specialization, larger seed size, smaller plant height, less reliance less on vegetative (colonial) reproduction, and tendency toward annual or biennial life history. Research and management steps to reduce competition from larger-satured, colonial, perennial species are recommended for these infrequent species. Basic research involving more species and more data on ecophysiological characters, demography, and competitive interactions are needed to identify critical life history traits that will influence responses to particular management regimes.     

Phylogenetic relationships of Actinidia and related genera based on micromorphological characters of foliar trichomes

The phylogenetic relationships within the genus Actinidia and among 3 allied genera Clematoclethra, Saurauia, and Sladenia have been very controversial. In order to understand the systematic implication of foliar trichomes in those genera, the micromorphological characteristics of foliar trichomes from 34 taxa were examined by means of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observed micromorphological characteristics were classified into eight main types. A phylogenetic analysis of Actinidia and related genera based on 15 micromorphological characters of foliar trichomes was conducted using Wagner parsimony method and Sladenia celastrifolia, Rhododendron hybridum and R. simsii as a complex outgroup. In the resulting phylogenetic tree, Actinidia is shown to be a monophyletic group, and Clematoclethra and Saurauia form another monophyletic group. This study also presents the phylogenetic relationships among 4 sections within the genus Actinidia: the monophyly of sect. Leiocarpae and of sect. Strigosae, and polyphyly of sect. Maculatae and of sect. Stellatae.     

Keys for and morphological character variation in some Egyptian cultivars of Cucurbitaceae

The cultivated varieties and landraces of Cucurbitaceae growing in Egypt are presented, 27 taxa, belonging to three genera, six species, and five subspecies. These characters are arranged according to their usefulness for identifications as follow: fruit characters, seed characters and trichome type. Fruit characters are a good taxonomic tool at varietal level when combined with the other vegetative characters. Two keys to 27 cultivated varieties of Cucurbitaceae (Cucumis, Cucurbita and Luffa) were constructed using the DELTA software system. One key is used for identification, and then the other is used as a confirmatory key. Those keys were built using 36 morphological characters include vegetative, floral, fruit and seed characters. There is a significant correlation between seed size and growth parameters. The growth parameters of the studied taxa included leaf length/size, petiole length and corolla length. There is a highly positive, significant correlation between seed volume and leaf size (r = 0.81831, P ≤ 0.001), seed volume and petiole length (r = 0.79112, P ≤ 0.001), seed volume and leaf length (r = 0.83566, P ≤ 0.001), and seed volume and corolla length (r = 0.59108, P ≤ 0.001).