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1.
马铃薯环腐病菌内生拮抗细菌的分离,筛选及鉴定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从8个不同来源的3个马铃薯(Solanun trberosum)品种(紫花白、晋薯七号和弗乌瑞它)的块茎中分离到240株内生细菌菌株,通过离体测定和温室实验,共得到55株对马铃薯环腐病菌(Clavibacter michiganenc subsp sepedonicum)有拮抗作用的内生细菌,占总菌数的22.9%。初步筛选出3株具有促生和潜在防治马铃薯环腐病的内生细菌,分别为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)A-10’、T3和荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)H1-6。其中A-10’菌株定殖、促生和拮抗作用兼备,具有很好的开发应用前景。  相似文献   

2.
为烟草生物肥料的研制和生产提供优良菌株资源,筛选可有效拮抗烟草青枯病原菌的菌株,优化其培养条件,确定其分类地位。采用抑菌圈测定法从高粱根际土中筛选烟草青枯拮抗菌株,并对其单因素液体拮抗条件进行优化,通过其表型特征、生理生化特征和遗传特征等多相分析来确定其分类地位。获得一株对烟草青枯病原菌具有较好拮抗效果的细菌 MT-002-B-7,抑菌圈直径可以达到 28 .67 mm,该菌的液体最佳发酵条件为以葡萄糖为碳源,以谷氨酸为氮源,装液量 10%,培养基初始 pH值为 7 .0,接种量3%,温度 35℃,转速 150r/min,培养25 h。鉴定结果表明该菌为铜绿假单胞菌。该菌株对烟草青枯病原菌拮抗效果良好,可作为研制烟草生物肥料的菌株资源。  相似文献   

3.
辣椒内生菌拮抗细菌的筛选   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从广西一些县市采集辣椒茎标本,经分离得到41个细菌菌株,分属为土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium spp.)、分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium spp.)、微杆菌(Microbacterium spp.)、欧文氏菌(Eruinia spp.)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.),其中芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)为优势种群。用抑菌圈法测定对茄青枯病菌有拮抗作用的有3个菌株,用浸种法和注射法测定具内生性的有17个菌株,具内生性同时又具拮抗作用的有2个菌株。  相似文献   

4.
用荧光假单孢菌防治番茄青枯病   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
土壤中存在着大量对植物病原菌有拮抗作用的细菌。据报道,番茄青枯病菌的拮抗菌占土壤细菌的6.5%-28.6%。通过分析研究,番茄青枯病菌的拮抗菌多数属于荧光假单孢菌属。经多次分离筛选,从土壤中分离出了对作物无不良影响而对番茄青枯病菌有拮抗作用的菌株104个。经试验,利用这种拮抗菌防治番茄青枯病,当发病株率在25%以下时,防治效果可达100%;但当发病株率达45%时,防治效果仅为50%左右。这表明,利  相似文献   

5.
土传棉花黄萎病拮抗菌的筛选及其生物效应   总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15       下载免费PDF全文
张慧  杨兴明  冉炜  徐阳春  沈其荣 《土壤学报》2008,45(6):1095-1101
实验采用平板对峙法,从黄萎病发生严重的棉田中的健康植株根际土壤中分离筛选到11株对棉花黄萎病致病菌Verticillium dahliaeKleb(Vd)具有拮抗效果的菌株,抑菌率在51.8%和87.4%之间,经培养滤液抑菌率试验复筛,选择抑菌效果较好的3株菌株进行盆栽试验。结果表明:在施用拮抗菌摇床培养液(VS)、有机肥(VF)和两者结合(VFS)的3个处理中,VFS效果最显著,防病率达57%,植株生理性状显著改善,根际可培养微生物数量发生显著变化,细菌数量增加7.3~13.4倍、放线菌数量增加3.2~5.9倍,病原菌微菌核数量下降34%。结合生理生化和16S rDNA技术鉴定,初步确定供试的2株菌为死谷芽孢杆菌(Ba-cillus vallismortis),1株菌为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。研究表明拮抗菌与有机肥共同施用不仅可以起到防病的作用,而且可以使棉花连作土壤微生物区系向健康、合理的方向发展。本文首次报道了死谷芽孢杆菌对棉花黄萎病有抑制作用。  相似文献   

6.
山西矿区复垦土壤中解磷细菌的筛选及鉴定   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
【目的】矿区复垦土壤贫瘠、 有效磷含量低。解磷细菌能够将有机磷和难溶性无机磷转化为可溶性磷,促进植物对磷素的利用。因此筛选和鉴定具有解磷能力的菌株,可为解决矿区生态恢复使用的微生物肥料提供菌种资源。【方法】采用平板分离法初筛菌株,得到D/d1.5的菌株,然后以磷酸钙为磷源,通过液体发酵试验复筛菌株,挑选出解磷率高于巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)As1.223的菌株。以磷矿粉和卵磷脂为磷源,液体发酵试验测定菌株的解磷能力及磷酸酶活性。进行菌株的生长试验以测定菌株温度适宜性、 耐盐性及耐酸碱性。通过形态学、 基因序列分析及脂肪酸组成分析综合进行菌株鉴定。 菌落形态观察用营养琼脂平板培养基培养;菌体形态即细胞形态及其大小采用扫描电镜观察;基因序列分析采用16S rDNA序列测定,基因在线比对采用EzTaxon数据库;使用美国MIDI公司的Sherolock全自动细菌鉴定系统对菌株进行脂肪酸组成分析。【结果】利用无机磷和有机磷平板培养基,从山西省矿区复垦区土壤样品中筛选出19株解磷微生物,其中D/d1.5的有7株。在以磷酸钙为磷源的液体培养试验中,4株菌的解磷率高于巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223,解磷率为7.89%~12.61%,最高的为菌株Y14。4株菌对磷矿粉的解磷率为0.81%~1.21%,最高的为菌株Y14。在以卵磷脂为磷源的液体培养试验中,4株菌的解磷率与酸性磷酸酶活性分别为1.79%~3.07%和24.3~28.4U/L,均高于巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223; 碱性磷酸酶活性为11.9~50.2U/L;菌株Y14的解磷率与磷酸酶活性均最高。4株菌均有较强的环境适应能力,以Y14的适应性最强。H22、 Y11和Y34与假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)同源性在99%以上,Y14与泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)有99.79%的同源性; H22、 Y11和Y34的细胞脂肪酸组成特征峰与假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)相一致,Y14与泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)相一致;H22、 Y11和Y34被鉴定为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.),Y14为泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)。【结论】分离、 筛选到4株高效解磷菌,对于磷酸钙和卵磷脂的解磷率均高于巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223。4株菌分别隶属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)和泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)。菌株Y14无机磷与有机磷平板的D/d值分别为3.28与1.59,降解磷酸钙、 磷矿粉、 卵磷脂的解磷率分别为12.61%、 1.21%、 3.07%,酸性与碱性磷酸酶活性分别为28.4 U/L和50.2 U/L,均为4株菌里最高的,且环境适应能力最强,生长温度为20~60℃,能耐受pH 4~11的酸碱梯度和2%~7%的盐分梯度,Y14被鉴定为泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)。4株菌均具有良好的解磷能力及较强的环境适应能力,可望进一步研发成为微生物肥料生产菌种。综合D/d值、 解磷率、 磷酸酶活性和生长试验,本试验最终确定适合山西矿区复垦农田推广的高效解磷菌菌株为Y14。  相似文献   

7.
苹果树腐烂病拮抗细菌鉴定及其抑菌作用效果测定   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
为了开发一种高效低毒的苹果树腐烂病生防制剂,通过对峙培养法、形态学及分子生物学的方法进行了苹果树腐烂病菌拮抗菌的分离筛选及鉴定,采用离体枝条法测定了拮抗菌对苹果树腐烂病的防效,并采用显微观察和液体培养法分别研究了拮抗菌对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑菌机理和无菌滤液对苹果树腐烂病菌生长的影响。分离筛选结果表明,从甘肃省各苹果产区果园土壤和苹果树枝条上分离得到23株细菌,2株对苹果树腐烂病菌具有较好拮抗作用,分别为LZ-1201和TS-1203,其对苹果树腐烂病菌菌丝生长抑制率分别为79.00%和85.00%。鉴定结果表明,菌株LZ-1201和TS-1203分别为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。离体枝条防效测定表明,拮抗菌无菌滤液对苹果树腐烂病的防效随着稀释倍数增大而降低,原液防效最高,分别为74.43%和77.07%。抑菌作用机理结果表明,两株拮抗菌均可导致苹果树腐烂病菌丝膨大畸形、原生质浓缩、释放及溶解。拮抗菌无菌滤液对腐烂病菌生长的影响测定结果表明,无菌滤液对腐烂病菌分生孢子萌发和菌丝生长量均有显著抑制作用(P0.05),其无菌滤液稀释40倍时对腐烂病菌分生孢子萌发和菌丝生长量的抑制率均高于60%,表明该拮抗菌具有很好的生防潜力。  相似文献   

8.
连续施用生物有机肥对烟草青枯病的防治效果   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
分离获得一株对烟草青枯病病原菌茄科劳尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum,简称RS)具有较强拮抗能力的拮抗菌(SQR11)并制成生物有机肥,研究了连续施用该生物有机肥对烟草青枯病的防治效果。结合生理生化和16SrDNA技术鉴定,菌株SQR11被鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。施用该生物有机肥后第一季烟草青枯病的生物防治率达到47%以上,第二季为69%以上,第三季达到89%以上。第三批盆栽实验表明,当根际土中病原菌数量达到2×105cfu/g干土时,植株出现发病症状,随着病原菌数量的增加,发病症状加重。当根际土中拮抗菌活菌数量达到2×107cfu/g干土时,病原菌繁殖得到有效抑制,可有效阻止植株染病;若低于107cfu/g干土,则不能有效抑制病原菌增殖,植株表现发病症状。植株各组织内拮抗菌数量检测发现,未发病植株茎部拮抗细菌数量为4×104cfu/g(组织鲜重,下同)左右,而同处理中发病症状的植株茎部拮抗细菌数量仅为6×103cfu/g;相对应的病原菌数量分别为1.5×102cfu/g(健康植株)和3×103cfu/g(发病植株)。SQR11菌株制成的生物有机肥还具有较好的促生作用。总之,利用拮抗菌SQR11菌株制成的生物有机肥对烟草青枯病具有显著的生物防治作用,在根部进行大量定殖后可有效防止病原菌的侵入,能够获得显著的生防效果。  相似文献   

9.
为获得对植物真菌病害有稳定作用效果的生防细菌,采用平板对峙培养法从大豆和玉米根部内生细菌中筛选获得12株菌株,这些细菌对大豆立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、大豆尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.glycine)和番茄枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxgsporum f.sp.lycopersici)均具有明显拮抗作用。16S rRNA基因鉴定表明12株内生拮抗细菌分别属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)。选取5株细菌进行盆栽接种试验,结果表明,供试细菌均对大豆根腐病具有一定的防治效果,其中,菌株J1和J2防效分别达到20.4%和32.1%。  相似文献   

10.
禾谷镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病能够导致小麦产量的大幅降低和品质的严重损失。为探索赤霉病生物防治方法,本试验从扬花期被禾谷镰刀菌侵染的麦穗上分离得到28株芽孢杆菌,利用平板对峙法对其进行筛选,其中20株菌对禾谷镰刀菌表现出明显的拮抗作用。根据生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析,这20株拮抗菌分别被鉴定为甲基营养型芽孢杆菌(11株)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(2株)、枯草芽孢杆菌(2株)、暹罗芽孢杆菌(3株)和特基拉芽孢杆菌(2株)。这些菌株能够有效降低小麦赤霉病的发病率、发病程度和病情指数,其中菌株JS62N、JS15E和JS29I能够将赤霉病发病率降低80%以上;菌株JS29I、JS62N、JS39C和JS39D能够将赤霉病发病程度降低80%以上。16株菌能将病情指数降低80%以上;所有菌株均能极显著增加小麦的百粒重,JS12Q效果最好(+101.4%)。本研究结果为小麦赤霉病的防治提供了生物防治材料。  相似文献   

11.
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most serious tobacco diseases worldwide, and no effective control measures are available to date. Three Bacillus isolates (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR-7 and SQR-101 and Bacillus methylotrophicus SQR-29) were obtained from the rhizosphere soil of tobacco. These bacilli exhibited strong inhibition against R. solanacearum and produced indole acetic acid and siderophores. The three antagonistic strains were used to fortify organic fertilizers to produce bioorganic fertilizers (BOFs named for each isolate) for the control of tobacco bacterial wilt. The application of BOFs delayed wilt development and effectively decreased the disease incidence under both greenhouse and field conditions. The tobacco bacterial wilt control efficacy was 44.3%, 70.5%, and 85.1% using BOF101, BOF29, and BOF7 in the greenhouse. Although the control efficacies in the field were lower, the application of BOF7 still achieved 58.0% and 56.2% control efficacies in two years field experiments. The application of bioorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.001) repressed the pathogen R. solanacearum in soil in both pot and field experiments, though the abundance of R. solanacearum increased as during the growth period of the tobacco plants. In general, the populations of the antagonistic bacterial strains declined after soil application and as the tobacco plants grew; however, the density of SQR-7 and SQR-29 in the rhizosphere soil remained at a high level (≥106 cfu/g) in the later growth stages. Additionally, the application of bioorganic fertilizers promoted tobacco growth and increased the leaf yield.  相似文献   

12.
刘冬晖  李凤巧  靳志丽  李孝刚 《土壤》2022,54(4):750-755
植物微生物组是维护植物生长发育、提升抗逆防病的重要调控因素。为发挥植物微生物促进烟草生长、改善烟草根区微生态功能作用,本研究从烟草根表分离筛选可培养细菌组,并对不同菌株的促生能力进行测定。结果表明:①从烟草根表分离并鉴定出可培养菌株310株,隶属于31个属,其中主要为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas);②对比分析发现假单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)和成对杆菌属(Dyadobacter)为4种供试土壤烟草根表共有的细菌类群;③对进一步筛选得到的16株菌株进行促生能力的测定,发现6株菌具有固氮能力,5株菌产铁载体,4株菌可溶解无机磷,4株菌产IAA;④盆栽试验验证16株菌株的促生效果,其中37.5% 的菌株对烟草生长具有显著促进作用,烟草株高、总鲜物质量和地下部干物质量分别比对照提高35.1%、27.9% 和30.7%。总之,从烟草根表分离获得多种具有促生能力的菌株,为未来构建促进烟草健康生长的复合菌剂提供了理论基础。  相似文献   

13.
Tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously threats tomato growth in tropical and temperate regions around the world. This study reported an antagonistic bacterial strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain SQRT3, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants, which strongly inhibited in vitro growth of pathogenic R. solanacearum. The suppression of tomato bacterial wilt by strain SQRT3 was demonstrated under greenhouse conditions. Additionally, induced systemic resistance (ISR) in tomato as one of the potential disease suppression mechanisms was investigated in the plants inoculated with the isolated bacterial strain SQRT3. The results showed that strain SQRT3 applied with R. solanacearum by drenching significantly reduced tomato bacterial wilt by 68.1% biocontrol efficiency (BE) and suppressed the R. solanacearum populations in the rhizosphere soil compared to the control only drenched with R. solanacearum. The BE of the isolated bacterial strain SQRT3 against tomato wilt increased to 84.1% by root-dipping. Tomato plants treated with both strain SQRT3 and R. solanacearum showed increases in activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase compared with other treatments. The application of strain SQRT3 reduced membrane lipid peroxidation in tomato leaves. The expressions of marker genes for jasmonic acid-and salicylic acid-dependent signaling pathways were faster and stronger in tomato plants treated with both strain SQRT3 and R. solanacearum than in plants treated with either R. solanacearum or strain SQRT3 alone. Collectively, the findings indicated that strain SQRT3 can effectively control tomato wilt.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine how the responses of two tomato cultivars to Ralstonia solanacearum relate to their leaf infrared temperature and acquiring of nutrients from soil. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars of disease susceptible-‘FL 47’ and resistant-‘H 7998’ were grown in soil inoculated with R. solanacearum. Bacterial wilt incidence, leaf infrared temperatures, and uptake of nutrients were measured for 28 d. In bacterial wilt-resistant cultivar ‘H 7998’, concentration of sulfur (S; +77%), calcium (Ca; +66%), boron (B; +60%) were found higher and nitrogen (N; ?26%) were found lower, compared with susceptible ‘FL 47’. Infrared temperatures were correlated with wilt percentage at 14 d, but not at 7 d. These results provide evidence that there is a correlation between bacterial wilt resistance and translocation of some nutrients in the shoots. Additionally, data indicates that the infrared thermometer could only detect wilting after obvious symptoms were visibly incited by R. solanacearum in tomato.  相似文献   

15.
Ralstonia solanacearum and Meloidogyne incognita are two soilborne pathogens that cause serious damage and great losses in the production of tomato. For this purpose, a bacterial isolate, Bacillus thuringiensis CR-371, and an actinomyces isolate, Streptomyces avermectinius NBRC14893, were examined for their ability to protect tomato from root-knot nematode and bacterial wilt diseases under glasshouse conditions. Treatment of tomato roots with B. thuringiensis CR-371 and S. avermectinius NBRC14893 followed by challenge inoculation with R. solanacearum and M. incognita significantly decreased disease severity of bacterial wilt alone, root-knot nematode alone, or mixed infection by both pathogens compared to the control. Furthermore, pretreatment of tomato roots with B. thuringiensis CR-371 and S. avermectinius NBRC14893 significantly reduced bacterial proliferation of R. solanacearum both in pathogen alone inoculated plants and in plants co-inoculated with R. solanacearum and M. incognita. In conclusion, our results suggest that the treatment of tomato roots with B. thuringiensis CR-371 and S. avermectinius NBRC14893 simultaneously suppresses bacterial wilt and root-knot nematode diseases. Therefore, B. thuringiensis CR-371 and S. avermectinius NBRC14893 could provide new options for integrated pest management strategies against plant diseases, especially against bacterial-nematode disease complexes that cause synergistic yield losses.  相似文献   

16.
The effect of prior colonization of a sterile loam soil and a sterile clay loam soil by individual soil bacteria on the subsequent growth of a bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum YU1Rif43 (tRNA type III: Seal et al. 1992: Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 58, 3759–3761) was investigated. Various strains, belonging to the same type, the same species, the same genus, Gram-negative, Grampositive, or fungi, were used. The degree of suppression of the growth of R. solanacearum YU1Rif43 was markedly different depending on the species that had previously colonized the soil, hereafter referred to as priorcolonists. All the strains belonging to R. solanacearum type III suppressed the growth of R. solanacearum YU1Rif43 markedly, while strains of R. solanacearum type I and type II showed a moderate suppressive effect on R. solanacearum YU1Rif43. The suppressive effect of the strains belonging to species other than R. solanacearum, including fungal strains, was relatively limited, or some strains did not show any suppressive effect. The production of bacteriocin did not appear to be related to the strong suppressive effect of the R. solanacearum type III strains. Possible mechanisms for the suppressive effect of priorcolonists on R. solanacearum YU1Rif43 are discussed in relation to nutrients and physical sites in soil available for growth.  相似文献   

17.
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most serious tobacco diseases worldwide. Brevibacillus brevis (L-25) and Streptomyces rochei (L-9) with strong inhibitory effects on R. solanacearum in vitro were isolated from the rhizosphere of a healthy tobacco plant in a severely wilt-diseased field. Pot and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the biocontrol effect of the isolated antagonists alone and in combination with organic fertilizer. In pot experiment, the control efficacy was 92.3–100 % in the treatments applied with L-25 and L-9 alone or together with organic fertilizers. When bioorganic fertilizer containing L-9 and L-25 was applied to the soil in field condition, the control efficacies were 95.4 and 30.0 in the Anhui and Guizhou field plots, respectively. The counts of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil were significantly increased (p?≤?0.05) under all antagonist applications compared with CK (PR). In contrast, fungal and R. solanacearum densities in the rhizosphere soil applied with antagonists were much lower than the CK (PR) rhizosphere. Combined application of the two antagonists had better effect than single antagonist treatments. The antagonists were more effective when they were combined with organic fertilizer as compared with the antagonistic strains only. These results allow us to conclude that a combination of the biocontrol agents, L-25 and L-9, together with organic fertilizers can effectively control bacterial wilt by affecting soil microbial structure.  相似文献   

18.
张鹏  王小慧  李蕊  冉炜  沈其荣 《土壤学报》2013,50(2):381-387
利用实时荧光定量PCR方法对田间条件下连作番茄和辣椒施用生物有机肥(BOF)和常规施肥(CK)的根际土壤微生物中青枯病原菌和功能菌群(固氮菌和荧光假单胞菌)的数量进行定量研究.结果表明:与CK相比,BOF处理的番茄和辣椒产量分别提高了26.0%和19.9%,青枯病发病率分别降低了41.5%和44.7%,番茄和辣椒植株根际土壤固氮菌数量分别增加了23.5%和25.8%、荧光假单胞菌数量分别增加了29.5%和20.2%、病原菌数量分别减少了73.2%和90.1%.生物有机肥能够调控根际微生物区系的组成,降低土传病害的发病率,促进作物健康生长;实时荧光定量PCR方法能够快速准确地检测根际土壤中功能微生物种群数量变化.  相似文献   

19.
生物质炭载体联合有益菌防控番茄土传青枯病的效果研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
土传青枯病是由青枯菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)引起的一种细菌性病害。根际有益细菌在青枯病的防控中发挥着重要作用,其在根际有效定殖是发挥生防作用的前提。以玉米秸秆、木块(松木)和稻壳为原料制成的3种生物质炭为有益菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5的载体,探究生物质炭对有益菌防控番茄土传青枯病效果的影响,并利用室内模拟试验探究生物质炭对青枯菌的吸附、固持以及对根系分泌物的吸附作用,旨在阐述施用生物质炭提升有益菌T-5抑制病原青枯菌能力的可能机制。温室试验结果表明:单独施用3种生物质炭均显著降低青枯病的发病率和根际青枯菌的数量,其中具有高比表面积的木块生物质炭的防控效率达到60.56%。3种生物质炭作为有益菌T-5的载体均能够显著提升有益菌T-5的根际定殖数量及其防病效率,其中木块生物质炭的提升效果最好。与仅接种青枯菌的对照相比,木块生物质炭与有益菌T-5组合处理的根际青枯菌数量降幅达97.42%;与单独有益菌T-5处理相比,有益菌T-5以木块生物质炭为载体使其根际定殖数量提高了5.71倍。进一步研究发现,木块生物质炭能够有效吸附青枯菌,吸附...  相似文献   

20.
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of yeast strain TA-2 for controlling rice blast, cabbage black leaf spot, and tomato bacterial wilt diseases. Microscopic and phylogenetic analyses based on rDNA-internal transcribed region (ITS) and rDNA-D1/D2 sequences indicated that yeast strain TA-2 is Meyerozyma guilliermondii. Pretreatment with TA-2 by soil drenching significantly reduced the severity of black leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria brassicicola and leaf blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae. Symptom development of tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in both soil drench and needle inoculation tests was significantly reduced in TA-2-pretreated plants under soil drenching. Disease severity and R. solanacearum growth were significantly reduced in tomato plants pretreated with yeast culture, cell suspension, or culture filtrate of TA-2 under soil drenching. TA-2 does not produce antibiotics. The present study indicates that disease suppression is systemic, as the roots were treated with TA-2 and the pathogens were inoculated onto leaves or stems, thereby separating the two spatially. M. guilliermondii TA-2 could become a promising natural antimicrobial agent against rice blast, cabbage black leaf spot, and tomato bacterial wilt diseases and might be useful as an eco-friendly control measure, contributing to sustainable agriculture.  相似文献   

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