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1.
Realizing value of genetic resources of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Allium</Emphasis> in India 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Anjula Pandey Ruchira Pandey K. S. Negi J. Radhamani 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(7):985-994
The genetic resources of Allium in India are potential source of genes for widening the crop genetic base. Despite their high economic value, limited number
of germplasm accessions of wild species have been collected and conserved mainly due to difficult access to areas of occurrence.
The present work mainly highlights information on species diversity distribution and utilization of wild Allium species to assess the value of Indian germplasm and prioritization for future collection and conservation programmes. 相似文献
2.
Mkabwa L. K. Manoko Ronald G. van den Berg Richard M. C. Feron Gerard M. van der Weerden Celestina Mariani 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):409-418
Two hexaploid species of Solanum sect. Solanum are present in Africa: Solanum scabrum and S. nigrum. Solanum scabrum is a widely cultivated species and is used as a leafy vegetable, as a source of medicine and as a source of ink dye. In previous
studies a wide range of morphological diversity has been reported in this species and in some studies subspecies have been
proposed. Subspecies are also recognized in S. nigrum. However, it has not been established whether or not the morphological differences are reflected at the genomic level. The
present study applies AFLPs to study the genetic diversity in S. scabrum and its relationship to geographical provenance, morphological differences and the possible existence of subspecies within
S. scabrum and S. nigrum. The data obtained were analyzed with cluster analysis (using UPGMA and NJ). The results indicate that the genetic variation
within S. scabrum was higher within accessions than between accessions. Accessions did not cluster according to their geographical provenance,
indicating that accessions from different geographical areas were not significantly different genetically. The clustering
reflected neither morphological differences nor domestication status (cultivated or wild). The morphological differences exhibited
by S. scabrum could be due to selection by farmers for different plant types. The AFLP derived clustering pattern did not segregate the
subspecies recognized in S. scabrum and S. nigrum into separate subclusters. 相似文献
3.
Naja Steen Andersen Gert Poulsen Bente Anni Andersen Lars Pødenphant Kiær Tina D’Hertefeldt Mike J. Wilkinson Rikke Bagger Jørgensen 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(2):189-200
When planning optimal conservation strategies for wild and cultivated types of a plant species, a number of influencing biological
and environmental factors should be considered from the outset. In the present study Brassica rapa was used to illustrate this: to develop Scandinavian conservation strategies for wild and cultivated B. rapa, DNA-marker analysis was performed on 15 cultivated and 17 wild accessions of B. rapa plus 8 accessions of the cross compatible B. napus. The B. rapa cultivars were bred in Sweden and Finland in 1944–1997 and the wild B. rapa material was collected from Denmark, Sweden and United Kingdom. The B. napus accessions were bred within the last 20 years in the Scandinavian countries. Results were based on scoring of 131 polymorphic
ISSR markers in the total plant material. A Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach implemented in NewHybrids demonstrated
a clear distinction of B. rapa and B. napus individuals except for three individuals that seemed to be backcrosses. The backcrossed hybrids descended from two Swedish
populations, one wild and one escaped. The overall pattern of genetic variation and structure in B. rapa showed that cultivated and wild B. rapa accessions formed two almost separated clusters. Geographical origin and breeding history of cultivars were reflected in
these genetic relationships. In addition, wild populations from Denmark and Sweden seemed to be closely related, except for
a Swedish population, which seemingly was an escaped cultivar. The study point to that many processes, e.g. spontaneous introgression,
naturalisation, breeding and agricultural practise affected the genetic structure of wild and cultivated B. rapa populations. 相似文献
4.
Tatjana Gavrilenko Olga Antonova Anna Shuvalova Ekaterina Krylova Natalia Alpatyeva David M. Spooner Lubov Novikova 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(7):1997-2015
The origin of cultivated potatoes has remaining questions. In this study, 237 accessions of all cultivated species and 155 accessions of wild species closely related to cultivated potatoes, including their putative ancestors, were analyzed using 15 plastid microsatellites (SSRs) to investigate genetic diversity and their relationships with the wild species. We here used polymorphic plastid SSRs we developed from potato plastid genome sequences as well as already known plastid SSR markers. All 15 loci were polymorphic and identified a total of 127 haplotypes. Dramatic decreases in levels of genetic diversity were revealed in landraces in comparison with wild ancestor species. The plastid SSR results showed a decrease in haplotype number and diversity from Peru to both north and south. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct groups. One of them, group A, contained the majority of accessions of cultivated species of the Solanum tuberosum Andigenum group including all accessions of cultivated diploid and triploid cytotypes of this group (S. chaucha, S. phureja, and S. stenotomum by a former taxonomic system) and most of tetraploid accessions of the S. tuberosum Andigenum group (S. tuberosum subsp. andigenum), and the majority of accessions of wild ancestors from the northern members of the S. brevicaule complex. Another group B comprised most of the wild species accessions and almost exclusively hybrid cultivated species which have introgressed plastid genomes from the other wild gene pools. Lack of clustering of traditional cultivated species (as used above) support a revised group classification of S. tuberosum. 相似文献
5.
Reliable characterization of the variation among wild and cultivated yams in Nigeria is essential for improved management
and efficient utilization of yam genetic resources. RAPD and double stringency PCR (DS-PCR) analyses were used to investigate
genetic relationships and the extent of redundancy among 30 accessions of two cultivated, and 35 accessions of four wild yam
species collected from Nigeria. Twenty-five selected random decamer and two microsatellite primers were used individually
and in combination to generate DNA profiles for each accession of the six Dioscorea species. The number of amplified fragments varied from 7 to 18 fragments per primer/primer combination. Different levels
of intraspecific genetic diversity were found, with Dioscorea rotundata Poir. being the most variable. Based on identical profiles for the RAPD and DS-PCR primers, 12 duplication groups consisting
of a total number of 37 accessions were observed in the present study. An UPGMA analysis grouped the majority of plants according
to the species. Cultivated yams belonging to the D. cayenensis–rotundata species complex, which were classified into seven morphotypes/varietal groups, could be clearly separated into two major
groups corresponding to D. rotundata Poir. and D. cayenensis Lam. D. cayenensis cultivars exhibited a low level of intraspecific variation and were genetically close to the wild species Dioscorea burkilliana J. Miège. D. rotundata cultivars classified into six varietal groups showed a high degree of DNA polymorphism and were separated into two major
groups that appeared most closely related to Dioscorea praehensilis Benth. and Dioscorea liebrechtsiana de Wild. We propose, based on these results, that cultivars classified into D. cayenensis should be considered as a taxon separate from D. rotundata. The implications of intraspecific variability for the ex situ conservation of wild and cultivated yam germplasm in Nigeria are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Ali Gharghani Zabihollah Zamani Alireza Talaie Nnadozie C. Oraguzie Reza Fatahi Hassan Hajnajari Claudia Wiedow Susan E. Gardiner 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(6):829-842
In order to shed light on the role of Iran in apple evolution and domestication, we chose to investigate the relationships
of a collection of 159 accessions of wild and domesticated apples including Iranian indigenous apple cultivars and landraces,
selected wild species, and old apple scion and rootstock cultivars from different parts of the world. The majority of the
wild species belonged to M. sieversii, which is widely believed to be the main maternal wild ancestor of domestic apples, from Kazakhstan and M. orientalis, which is one of the probable minor ancestors of domestic apples, from Turkey and Russia located on the east and west of
Iran, respectively. The accessions were assigned into six arbitrary populations for the purpose of generating information
on genetic parameters. Nine simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci selected from previous studies in apple were screened over DNA
extracted from all the accessions. Results showed that all SSR loci displayed a very high degree of polymorphism with 11–25
alleles per locus. In total, there were 153 alleles across all loci with an average of 17 alleles per locus. The SSR allelic
data were then used for estimation of population genetic parameters, including genetic variation statistics, F-statistics,
gene flow, genetic identity, genetic distance and then cluster analysis using POPGENE 1.32 software. The F-statistics and
gene flow in particular, showed that there was more intra-population than between population variation. The genetic identity
and genetic distance estimates, and the dendrogram generated from the un-weighted pair group arithmetic average (UPGMA) method
of cluster analysis showed that the Iranian cultivars and landraces were more closely related to M. sieversii from Central Asia (east of Iran) and M. orientalis native to Turkey and Russia than to other accessions of Malus species. Also, the old apple cultivars from different parts of the world have a closer genetic relationship to M. sieversii, M. orientalis and the Iranian apples, than to other wild species. Based on these results, we suggest that the Iranian apples may occupy
an intermediate position between the domesticated varieties and wild species. We propose that Iran could be one of the major
players in apples’ domestication and transfer from Central Asia to the western countries. 相似文献
7.
To improve understanding of diversity of Lablab purpureus and establish relationships among 103 germplasm accessions collected from diverse geographic origins, amplified fragment
length polymorphism markers were used. Four primer sets selected out of 16 produced 289 clear, repeatable polymorphisms. UPGMA
analysis of similarity data clustered the accessions according to their subspecific taxonomic organization, i.e., subsp. purpureus and subsp. uncinatus, as well as to cultivated and wild forms. The well-represented landraces from Africa and Asia, belonging predominantly to
subsp. purpureus, displayed moderate genetic diversity. Wild forms from Africa showed far greater levels of diversity that would justify taxonomic
re-assessment of the wild subsp. uncinatus. The molecular analysis identified forms that were collected in the wild in India but were genetically placed intermediate
between wild and cultivated forms. As these plant types did not exist among the African accessions, it is suggested that they
might represent escapes from early attempts of domestication. These results support the suggested pathway of domestication
and distribution of L. purpureus from Africa to Asia. Additional members to a previously published core collection of the species are proposed. 相似文献
8.
Elsa Lucila Camadro Sandra Karina Saffarano Juan Carlos Espinillo Mateo Castro Phillip W. Simon 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):471-477
Solanum okadae Hawkes et Hjert is a wild diploid potato species endemic to Argentina and Bolivia, of potential breeding value. However,
no genetic studies have been carried out with this species and its crossability relations with the common tetraploid potato,
S. tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum, are unknown. Furthermore, accessions from both countries differed in their morphological phenotypes. To ascertain the feasibility
of incorporating this wild germplasm into cultivated potato, 2n pollen screening was carried out in 10 accessions and families
derived from crosses between accessions; also, pollen-pistil compatibility relations were studied in reciprocal interspecific
crosses. Plants of four of the 10 accessions produced 2n pollen (0.1 to 5.0%) and 4n pollen (0.0 to 3.0%). Parallel and tripolar
spindles at Anaphase II were the cytological mechanisms involved in 2n pollen formation; lack of chromosome migration in both
meiotic divisions originated the 4n pollen. Both full compatibility and incompatibility at various sites along the pistil
were observed in the S. tuberosum × S. okadae combinations; most reciprocal combinations were incompatible. Compatible genotypes produced 2n pollen. However, only a few
seeds were obtained and chromosome counts could not be carried out in the hybrid progeny because seedlings died at an early
stage. The pollen-pistil barriers are incomplete and can be circumvented by the appropiate choice of parents. The identification
of the post-zygotic barriers will be the focus of further studies. 相似文献
9.
Exploitation of wild gene pool for breeding is a common practice in an increasing number of cultivated plants. The cultivated lentil could not attain the substantial improvement in the yield potential due to loss of genes for higher productivity and lack of resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. The absence of evaluation data of wild lentils for characters of economic importance, besides biotic and abiotic stresses, is one of the constraints in their use in lentil breeding programme. In the present study, 70 wild accessions from four wild Lens subsp./sp. (L. culinaris subsp. orientalis, L. odomensis, L. ervoides and L. nigricans) along with 3 checks (Precoz, PL-406 and PL-639) were evaluated for phenological and agro-morphological characters, for their reaction to three fungal diseases (wilt, powdery mildew and rust) and screened for tolerance to moisture stress. The wild accessions showed higher performance for branches/plant as compared to cultivated genotypes. Similarly, a few accessions of L. culinaris subsp. orientalis were earlier to flower and had higher seeds and seed yield/plant as compared to cultivated lentil. However, some were comparable with cultivated genotypes for flowers/peduncle, peduncle length and plant height. The mean performance for flowers per peduncle, leaflets per leaf, plant height, seeds and seed yield per plant increased, while decreased for days to flowering and maturity, and branches per plant during the evolution of cultivated lentil from the wild Lens taxa. Of Lens taxa, L. nigricans had the maximum resistant accessions for biotic and tolerance to abiotic stresses. The valuable variation existing among wild accessions can be exploited following introgression with cultivated lentils. It will help in the flow of useful genes from wild to cultivated lentil for generating wide spectrum of variability and its subsequent use in genetic restructuring of lentil. 相似文献
10.
Sheji Mary N. V. Nair Pankaj Kumar Chaturvedi A. Selvi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(6):1221-1231
Saccharum spontaneum L. a wild relative of sugarcane is the most variable and diverse among the Saccharum species. This species had been successfully exploited in sugarcane improvement programmes since 1915 and most of the present day commercial varieties are derivatives of interspecific hybrids involving S. spontaneum. The S. spontaneum germplasm available today in the World collections is diverse and represent different geographical groups. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to characterize 40 S. spontaneum clones collected from 4 different geographical areas in India using 20 random, 2 ISSR and 2 telomere primers. Of the 491 bands generated by these primers 83.9% were polymorphic. The genetic diversity estimated based on these markers was found to be moderate (48.9%). The pair-wise genetic distance between the accessions ranged from 29.8 to 60.0. The accessions from Arunachal Pradesh were found to be the most diverse, while Tamil Nadu accessions showed relatively less diversity. Diversity between Tamil Nadu and Kerala collections was found to be low, while the diversity between the Orissa group and the rest was found to be high. The collections from Mayurbanj and Cuttack regions of Orissa were found to be distinct. Arunachal Pradesh accessions, being more diverse, are a potential source for exploitation in sugarcane breeding programmes. 相似文献
11.
Xinhai Li Yiqin Huang Jiansheng Li Harold Corke 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):189-194
Choix, a plant in the tribe Maydeae of the grass family, has been cultivated in Asia for several thousand years. It is a potential gene resource for improvement of other cereal crops because of its nutritional value and tolerance to stress. Genetic variation and relationships among 21 Choix lachryma-jobi L. accessions were characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 205 DNA fragments across all materials were amplified with 31 random primers, averaging 6.61 per primer. Among amplified fragments, 115 showed polymorphism averaging 3.71 per primer. Of amplified markers, 56.1% were polymorphic, indicating considerable variation at the DNA level among these accessions. Some fragments were accession-specific. Pair-wise genetic similarity (GS) among 21 accessions ranged from 0.809 to 0.301. The 21 accessions clustered into two major groups. Three exotic Choix accessions clustered together. Three other Choix accessions, collected from Guangxi, China, clustered into a cohesive subgroup. Four wild types of Choix clustered into the same subgroup. These results indicated that the classification by RAPD data reflected the differences in geographic origins and evolution in Choix. 相似文献
12.
Surrinder K. Lattoo Rekha S. Dhar Shabnam Khan S. Bamotra Maharaj K. Bhan Autar K. Dhar Kuldip K. Gupta 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(1):33-43
Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant of immense therapeutic value. The present study was aimed to elucidate its genetic diversity based on
morphochemical and RAPD markers from 53 accessions belonging to 5 eco-geographic regions. Analysis of variance and D
2 statistics revealed significant differences in all the metric traits and sufficient inter-cluster distances indicating considerable
diversity among the accessions. The complementary approach of RAPD was used to evaluate the genetic dissimilarities among
all the accessions using 6 highly polymorphic primers. The average proportion of polymorphic loci across primers was 96.28%.
The molecular genetic diversity based on Shannon index per primer averaged 5.585 with values ranging from 3.08 to 8.70 indicating
towards wide genetic base. RAPD based UPGMA and D
2 cluster analysis also revealed that various accessions available in different eco-geographic regions might have originated
from native places of wild abundance. Similarity matrices were generated for molecular markers and morphometric data to determine
the degree of congruence between the two. A highly significant but low correlation (r = 0.547, P < 0.001) was obtained thus implying the correspondence between the two. The species is hermaphroditic and a habitual inbreeder.
The present study yielded a typical triangular congruence between its breeding system, morphometric traits and RAPD markers
thus elucidating the usefulness of complementary approaches to make diversity analysis more explanatory and purposeful for
optimum genetic amelioration and effective conservation of its genotypic variability. 相似文献
13.
Pedro Talhinhas José Leitão João Neves-Martins 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(3):563-578
Lupinus angustifolius L. is a Mediterranean species, domesticated in the 20th century, representing an important grain legume crop in Australia
and other countries. This work is focused on the collection of wild germplasm and on the characterisation of morphological
and molecular diversity of germplasm accessions. It reports the collection of 81 wild L. angustifolius accessions from the South and Centre of Portugal, available at the ‘Instituto Superior de Agronomia Gene Bank’, with subsequent
morphological and molecular characterisation of a selection of these and other accessions. A multivariate analysis of morphological
traits on 88 L. angustifolius accessions (including 59 wild Portuguese accessions, 15 cultivars and 14 breeding lines) showed a cline of variation on wild
germplasm, with plants from Southern Portugal characterised by earlier flowering, higher vegetative development and larger
seeds. AFLP and ISSR molecular markers grouped modern cultivars as sub-clusters within the wider diversity of wild germplasm,
revealing the narrow pool of genetic diversity on which domesticated accessions are based. The importance of preserving, characterising
and using wild genetic resources for L. angustifolius crop improvement is outlined by the results obtained. 相似文献
14.
Shao-Qing Tang Xiao-Yun Bin Yun-Tao Peng Jun-Ya Zhou Li Wang Yang Zhong 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(5):1053-1061
Genetic variation of wild populations and cultivars of Luohanguo (Siraitia grosvenorii), a plant species endemic to southern China, was assessed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment
length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Based on the results for 130 individuals from seven populations, a high level of genetic
diversity of Luohanguo was observed at the species level. The percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 89.4%, Nei’s gene diversity (H
e) was 0.239, and Shannon’s information index (H
o) was 0.373 based on the combined AFLP and RAPD data. There was a high degree of genetic differentiation, with 45.1% of the
genetic variation attributed to differences between the populations. The genetic diversity of the Luohanguo cultivars is much
lower than that of wild populations (P = 41.8%, H
e = 0.141, H
o = 0.211), and a distinct genetic differentiation is observed between the cultivars and wild accessions. The pool of genetic
variation in the wild populations provides an excellent gene resource for Luohanguo breeding. 相似文献
15.
Total seed storage protein of 9 accessions of cultivated C. cajan and 10 wild Cajanus species was reported and compared by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A considerable variation was detected among the protein profiles of different accessions of C. cajan while those of wild species were very specific and distinctly different from each other. Relative similarities between various taxa were estimated by Jaccard's similarity index and cluster analysis was performed to produce a UPGMA dendrogram. The clustering of 10 wild species and C. cajan more or less agrees with their sectional classification and available data based on morphological characteristics, crossability, genome pairing in hybrids and nuclear RFLPs. The species closest to C. cajan is C. cajanifolia although the accessions of C. cajan also share some bands present in the profiles of C. scarabaeoides, C. goensis, C. lineatus, C. acutifolius and C. volubilis. This points towards polyphyletic origin of the cultigen which has been discussed in this paper. 相似文献
16.
Yasuyuki Morimoto Patrick Maundu Makoto Kawase Hiroshi Fujimaki Hiroko Morishima 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(5):963-974
The present study was performed to investigate genetic diversity of Kenyan landraces of the white-flowered gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), which exhibits tremendous morphological variation. RAPD analyses were performed on 53 landraces of the cultivated species
L. siceraria and 42 accessions of three wild species (40 L. sphaerica, 1 L. abyssinica, and 1 L. breviflora). A total of 432 polymorphic bands were detected using 54 primers. The four species were clearly differentiated from one
another. Intra-specific variations were investigated with L. siceraria and its wild relative L. sphaerica. Landraces of the cultivated species collected from different ethnic communities or regions were differentiated. Morphological
variations were not associated with RAPD variations. Bitter landraces collected in Maasai communities showed two specific
RAPD bands. In the wild species, accessions collected from the eastern and western sides of the Great Rift Valley were genetically
differentiated from each other. In both species, genetic and geographical distance matrices computed among all pairs of accessions
were significantly correlated, implying that the observed geographical variation can be explained by the 'Isolation by distance
model'. Progeny plants derived from a common mother in L. siceraria showed a low level of segregation in RAPD pattern, suggesting that collected landraces are cultivated, maintaining their
inherent traits although they are monoecious and insect-pollinated, whereas the wild relative L. sphaerica showed a higher level of segregation. The morphological diversity observed among landraces of L. siceraria is the result of human selection and their genetic identities are maintained by inbreeding probably resulting from frequent
self-pollination. 相似文献
17.
Worapa Seehalak Norihiko Tomooka Aree Waranyuwat Piyada Thipyapong Paisan Laosuwan Akito Kaga Duncan A. Vaughan 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(5):1043-1059
Thailand is a center of diversity for section Angulares of the Asian Vigna (genus Vigna subgenus Ceratotropis) and 4 Vigna species are cultivated in Thailand. Using newly collected wild and cultivated germplasm of Vigna from Thailand and outgroup accessions AFLP analysis was conducted to clarify genetic diversity and relationships. The results
suggest that cultivated V. umbellata and V. mungo evolved from wild relatives in a single domestication event. Vigna umbellata is poorly differentiated from its wild and weedy relatives compared to V. mungo. Results suggest northern Thailand and the neighboring Shan state, Myanmar, is the probable center of domestication for V. umbellata as wild accessions from this area and cultivated rice bean from a wide area in Asia are not greatly diverged. Vigna minima, V. tenuicaulis and V. exilis accessions in Thailand are well differentiated with considerable intra-specific variation. Vigna hirtella consists of two well differentiated subgroups, suggesting taxonomic revision may be necessary. Close genetic relationships
between V. radiata and V. grandiflora, and between V. mungo and V. trinervia are confirmed. Naturally growing V. mungo populations in northern Thailand appear to be true wild species as they are well differentiated from Indian wild and Thai
cultivated populations. The origin of naturally growing cowpea in Thailand needs to be further studied using a more comprehensive
set of materials. This study clarifies inter and intra-specific genetic diversity and inter species relationships of Thai
Vigna species. 相似文献
18.
Anjula Pandey E. Roshini Nayar Kamala Venkateswaran D. C. Bhandari 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(1):91-104
The genetic diversity in genus Prunus is mainly confined to temperate regions of Himalaya and to a lesser extent in the sub-montane and hilly regions of peninsular
India. The cultivated and wild species of Prunus have tremendous potential for improvement and utilization. This paper includes the genetic resources of cultivated and wild
useful species of Prunus in India with emphasis on their distribution, potential traits/ useful characteristics and utilization. The information on
potential genetic resources of Prunus would be helpful in collection, evaluation, conservation and utilization of species. 相似文献
19.
G. Sonnante A. De Paolis V. Lattanzio P. Perrino 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2002,49(3):247-252
Determination of intraspecific genetic diversity is an important first step for the utilization of genetic resources and canprovide useful information on crop evolution. A living collection of Italian and foreign artichoke varieties and ecotypes is maintained at the Germplasm Institute, Bari, Italy. A total of 32 accessions of cultivated (Cynara cardunculus L. var.scolymus (L.) Fiori), three of wild (Cynara cardunculus var.cardunculus L.) artichoke and two ofcultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var.altilis L.) were analysed in order to studygenetic variation and relationships within the species, using RAPDmarkers. Cultivated accessions were selected according tomorphological variation and geographical distribution available inthe collection. Fifty arbitrary decamer primers were initially tested, 18 ofwhich showed from 3 to 10 unambiguously interpretable fragments. Anintra-accession analysis using 4 varieties and 8 polymorphicprimers revealed that no RAPD variation was detected amongindividuals. Jaccard's similarity index (JSI) was comprisedamong 1 and 0.693 when all accessions were considered, on the otherhand, within the cultivated artichoke, JSI ranged between 1 and0.817. A UPGMA dendrogram based on the similarity matrix showed thatwild artichokes were clearly separated from cultivated accessions.Moreover, within cultivated artichokes, several groups could bedistinguished. 相似文献
20.
Gabriella Sonnante Angela R. Piergiovanni Quat N. Ng Pietro Perrino 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1996,43(2):157-165
Summary Isozyme variation in 25 accessions of wild and cultivated Vigna unguiculata, 49 accessions of seven wild species belonging to section Vigna, and 11 accessions of V. vexillata (subgenus Plectrotropis) was scored at 17 putative loci to assess genetic relationships within and among species. The wild species selected for this study are among those which carry important agronomical traits useful in cowpea (V. unguiculata) breeding programs. Allelic frequencies were calculated and Nei's genetic distances were obtained. Low levels of intraspecific variation were observed for V. heterophylla, V. luteola and V. racemosa, whereas the other species showed a higher polymorphism. Vigna unguiculata possessed intraspecific genetic distances comparable to those previously found by other authors. Most of the isozyme variation was apportioned among species. Although V. luteola and V. marina had an interspecific genetic distance resembling the range observed at intraspecific level, all the other species showed very high interspecific distances. Vigna unguiculata was relatively closer genetically to V. vexillata than to the species belonging to section Vigna.Abbreviations AUS
Australia
- BDI
Burundi
- BRA
Brazil
- BWA
Botswana
- CAF
Central African Republic
- GHA
Ghana
- CMR
Cameroon
- COG
Congo
- RI
Costa Rica
- EGY
Egypt
- ETE
Ethiopia
- GAB
Gabon
- GRC
Greece
- ITA
Italy
- KEN
Kenya
- MOZ
Mozambique
- NER
Niger
- NGA
Nigeria
- PAN
Panama
- RWA
Rwanda
- TCD
Chad
- TZA
Tanzania
- ZAF
South Africa
- ZAR
Zaire
- ZMB
Zambia 相似文献