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1.
多源卫星遥感影像进行土地利用变化监测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Due to inappropriate planning and management, accelerated urban growth and tremendous loss in land, especially cropland, have become a great challenge for sustainable urban development in China, especially in developed urban area in the coastal regions; therefore, there is an urgent need to effectively detect and monitor the land use changes and provide accurate and timely information for planning and management. In this study a method combining principal component analysis (PCA) of multisensor satellite images from SPOT (systeme pour l'observation de la terre or earth observation satellite)-5 multispectral (XS) and Landsat-7 enhanced thematic mapper (ETM) panchromatic (PAN) data, and supervised classification was used to detect and analyze the dynamics of land use changes in the city proper of Hangzhou. The overall accuracy of the land use change detection was 90.67% and Kappa index was 0.89. The results indicated that there was a considerable land use change (10.03% of the total area) in the study area from 2001 to 2003, with three major types of land use conversions: from cropland into built-up land, construction site, and water area (fish pond). Changes from orchard land into built-up land were also detected. The method described in this study is feasible and useful for detecting rapid land use change in the urban area.  相似文献   

2.
应用数字遥感图像对泰国Chanthaburi省土地利用动态的监测   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
A comprehensive method of image classification was developed for monitoring land use dynamics in Chanthaburi Province of Tailand.RS(Remote Sensing),GIS(Geographical Information System),GPS (Global Positioning System) and ancillary data were combined bythe method which adopts the main idea of classifying images by stekps from decision tree method and the hybridized supervised and unsupervised classification.An integration of automatic image interpretation,ancillary materials and expert knowledge was realized.Two subscenes of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper(TM) images of bands 3,4 and 5 obtained on December 15,1992,and January 17,1999,were used for image gprocessing and spatial data analysis in the study.the overall accuracy of the results of classification reached 90%,which was verified by field check.Results showed that shrimp farm land,urban and traffic land,barren land,bush and agricultural developing area increased in area,mangrove,paddy field,swamp and marsh land,orchard and plantation,and tropical grass land decreased,and the forest land kept almost stable.Ecological analysis on the land use changes showed that more attentions should be paid on the effect of land development on ecological environment in the future land planning and management.  相似文献   

3.
利用地面高光谱和逐步判别法进行滨海盐土开发程度评价   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
At different times over the past 30 years in Zhejiang Province, China, the coastal tidelands have been successively enclosed and reclaimed for agricultural land use. The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether laboratory hyperspectral data might be used to estimate the physicochemical characteristics of these reclaimed saline soils. A coastal region of Shangyu City (Zhejiang Province), which was grouped into four subzones according to reclamation history, was used as the study area, and soil samples were collected in each subzone. Physicochemical analyses showed that the soils were characterized by high electrical conductivity and sand content with low organic matter; the longer the saline lands had been reclaimed, the lower were the electrical conductivity and sand content and the higher the organic matter content. These changing trends of soil chemical and physical properties were found in laboratory reflectance spectra of soil samples and their first-order derivative curves. Stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) identified six salient spectral bands at 488, 530, 670, 880, 1400, and 1900 nm. Using derived discriminant functions for saline lands with different historical years of reclamation, classification revealed an overall accuracy from a self-test of 86.6% and from cross-validation of 89.3%. Therefore, as opposed to time-consuming field investigations, this study suggested that remotely sensed hyperspectral data could serve as a promising measure to assess the reclamation levels of coastal saline lands.  相似文献   

4.
This paper introduces briefly two remote sensing case studies on land use in the subtropic region of China. One is on slope land use in the Yangtze River Three Gorges area. This is a large area of 60497 km2. First of all, geometric correction and supervised classification were conducted for ten scenes of Landsat-5 TM or MSS images. The resolution of the processed images is 50 m × 50 m on ground. By the classification the land use/cover categories in this area were discriminated. Then the croplands including rice fields and upland fields were extracted from the land use/cover maps. Simultaneously the slope grade maps were prepared based on the topographic maps. Overlaying the slope grade maps and the cropland maps, the area and percentage of the croplands in different slope grades were determined. This case study indicated that 71.5% of the uplands was situated on the slope above 150 and 25% on the slope above 250 in this area. It is dangerous, and urgent cultivation or engineering measures should be taken. Another case study is on soil erosion in Linshan County of Guangxi Province. Airphoto interpretation and supervised classification of a Landsat TM image were carried out for discriminating land cover/use categories in an area of 3 557.8 km2. And the soil erosion intensity grades were determined according to the land cover/use maps and slope maps. It wad discovered that the land suffering soil erosion accounted for 2404.0 km2, 67.6% of the total area of the county. Necessary measures to control soil erosion should be taken also.  相似文献   

5.
不同轮作制度下土壤中不稳定有机碳组分的变化   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
Taking Kenli County in the Yellow River Delta, China, as the study area and using digital satellite remote sensing techniques, cultivated land use changes and their corresponding driving forces were explored in this study. An interactive interpretation and a manual modification procedure were carried out to acquire cultivated land information. An overlay method based on classification results and a visual change detection method which was supported by land use maps were employed to detect the cultivated land changes. Based on the changes that were revealed and a spatial analysis between cultivated land use and related natural and socio-economic factors, the driving forces for cultivated land use changes in the study area were determined. The results showed a decrease in cultivated land in Kenli County of 5321.8 ha from 1987 to 1998, i.e., an average annual decrement of 483.8 ha, which occurred mainly in the central paddy field region and the northeast dry land region. Adverse human activities, soil salinization and water deficiencies were the driving forces that caused these cultivated land use changes.  相似文献   

6.
黄河三角洲耕地变化及其驱动力的卫星遥感分析   总被引:16,自引:5,他引:11  
Taking Kenli County in the Yellow River Delta, China, as the study area and using digital satellite remote sensing techniques, cultivated land use changes and their corresponding driving forces were explored in this study. An interactive interpretation and a manual modification procedure were carried out to acquire cultivated land information. An overlay method based on classification results and a visual change detection method which was supported by land use maps were employed to detect the cultivated land changes. Based on the changes that were revealed and a spatial analysis between cultivated land use and related natural and socio-economic factors, the driving forces for cultivated land use changes in the study area were determined. The results showed a decrease in cultivated land in Kenli County of 5321.8 ha from 1987 to 1998, i.e., an average annual decrement of 483.8 ha, which occurred mainly in the central paddy field region and the northeast dry land region. Adverse human activities, soil salinization and water deficiencies were the driving forces that caused these cultivated land use changes.  相似文献   

7.
福建省土地适宜性及使用变化研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
To present the current status of land quality and distribution and the trends in land use change, the physical suitability of cropland and forestland and the associated changes in Fujian Province were evaluated and analyzed using data obtained from geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS). Of the total land area of Fujian Province, first class suitable cropland accounted for only 4.21%, whereas unsuitable cropland accounted for 84.78%. The percentage of first class suitable cropland in the southeastern region (5.32%) was much higher than that in the northwestern area (2.91%). Only 13.63% of the existing cropland area consisted of first class cropland and 70.08% was classified as unsuitable for cultivation. Of the total land area of Fujian Province, the first class forestland comprised 55.25% and the unsuitable forestland (including third class) comprised 21.2%. The percentage of unsuitable forest area in the existing forestland was only 5.5%. From 1996 to 2001, cropland and unused land decreased significantly, whereas forestland and land used for urban and transport increased rapidly. Therefore, the major tasks ahead will be the land development for full grain production potential, the better coordination of allocating land to different uses, and the regulation inappropriate activities that damage agricultural ecosystems.  相似文献   

8.
江苏省土壤有机碳空间差异性以及影响因素研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a key role in the global carbon cycle.In this study,we used statistical and geostatistical methods to characterize and compare the spatial heterogeneity of SOC in soils of Jiangsu Province,China,and investigate the factors that influence it,such as topography,soil type,and land use.Our study was based on 24 186 soil samples obtained from the surface soil layer (0-0.2 m) and covering the entire area of the province.Interpolated values of SOC density in the surface layer,obtained by kriging based on a spherical model,ranged between 3.25 and 32.43 kg m 3.The highest SOC densities tended to occur in the Taihu Plain,Lixia River Plain,along the Yangtze River,and in high-elevation hilly areas such as those in northern and southwest Jiangsu,while the lowest values were found in the coastal plain.Elevation,slope,soil type,and land use type significantly affected SOC densities.Steeper slope tended to result in SOC decline.Correlation between elevation and SOC densities was positive in the hill areas but negative in the low plain areas,probably due to the effect of different land cover types,temperature,and soil fertility.High SOC densities were usually found in limestone and paddy soils and low densities in coastal saline soils and alluvial soils,indicating that high clay and silt contents in the soils could lead to an increase,and high sand content to a decrease in the accumulation of SOC.SOC densities were sensitive to land use and usually increased in towns,woodland,paddy land,and shallow water areas,which were strongly affected by industrial and human activities,covered with highly productive vegetation,or subject to long-term use of organic fertilizers or flooding conditions.  相似文献   

9.
MODIS植被指数的多传感器比较   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
CHENG Qian 《土壤圈》2006,16(3):362-370
Vegetation indices (Ⅵ) are one of the standard science products available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Validation of MODIS-Ⅵ products was an important prerequisite to using these variables for global modeling. In this study, validation of the MODIS-Ⅵ products including single-day MODIS, level 2 (gridded) daily MODIS surface reflectance (MOD09), 16-day composited MODIS (MOD13) was performed utilizing multisensor data from MODIS, Thematic Mapper (TM), and field radiometer, for a rice-planting region in southern China. The validation approach involved scaling up independent fine-grained datasets, including ground measurement and high spatial resolution imagery, to the coarser MODIS spatial resolutions. The 16-day composited MODIS reflectance and Ⅵ matched well with the ground measurement reflectance and Ⅵ. The Ⅵ of TM and MODIS were lower than the ground Ⅵ. The results demonstrated the accuracy, reliability, and utility of the MODIS-Ⅵ products for the study region.  相似文献   

10.
珠江三角洲土地利用/覆盖变化对地表温度的影响   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) technologies were used to detect land use/cover changes (LUCC) and to assess their impacts on land surface temperature (LST) in the Zhujiang Delta. Multi-temporal Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+ data were employed to identify patterns of LUCC as well as to quantify urban expansion and the associated decrease of vegetation cover. The thermal infrared bands of the data were used to retrieve LST, The results revealed a strong and uneven urban growth, which caused LST to raise 4.56℃ in the newly urbanized part of the study area. Overall, remote sensing and GIS technologies were effective approaches for monitoring and analyzing urban growth patterns and evaluating their impacts on LST.  相似文献   

11.
[目的]评估城市化过程中土地利用类型的转移特征及其对热环境的影响,为优化土地利用格局和低碳背景下区域发展和管理提供科学依据。[方法]以浙江省海盐市为例,基于4期Landsat卫星影像,解译土地利用类型并反演地表温度,通过县域土地利用转移矩阵和热效应贡献度指数,分析城市热岛的时空分布及土地利用类型转移特征对热环境造成的影响。[结果] 2007—2017年10 a间,海盐县中心城区的建成区明显扩张,土地利用类型格局变化显著,土地利用动态度达42.3%。城市用地面积显著增加,转入比率达44.1%,主要由植被与道路转入;植被覆盖面积明显减少,转出比率达51.2%,主要转移为城市用地和道路。城市高温区分布从聚集的岛状逐渐分散化,向建成区边缘转移。城市用地的热贡献度最大,伴随着其面积的增加,其热贡献度从2007年的59.6%上升到2017年的87.5%。[结论]城市用地是影响海盐县中心城区热环境的决定性因素,城市化进程中,合理有效地规划和控制建成区的扩展,是减缓热岛效应的重要措施。  相似文献   

12.
In order to investigate the relationship between stream chemistry and watershed land cover at the regional scale, we analyzed data from 368 wadeable streams sampled in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. during spring 1993-1994. Study sites were selected using a probability sample and the digitized version of the 1:100,000 scale USGS map stream network as the sample population. Both classified Thematic Mapper (TM) and USGS Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) data were used to quantify land cover in the study watersheds. On average, the most common land cover was forest (77%) followed by agriculture (20%), and urban (1%). Multiple regression analysis showed that concentrations of Cl-, nutrients, acid neutralization capacity, and base cations were the analytes most strongly related to watershed land cover. Despite large differences in resolution and age of the TM and LULC data sources, similar results were obtained with the two sources. Using a greater number of land cover subclasses did not greatly improve the land cover-chemistry relationships. Ecoregions with predominantly forested land cover had weaker relationships than ecoregions with more agricultural and/or urban land cover. In studies or databases without land cover information, Cl- concentration is a good surrogate indicator for general human disturbance in the watershed.  相似文献   

13.
陕西黄土台塬区土地系统变化特征分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
基于GIS和RS支持,采用土地利用变化系列指标对陕西黄土台塬区1985-2010年土地利用变化特征进行了分析。结果表明,2010年黄土台塬区耕地984337.30 hm2,草地143030.47 hm2,建设用地105871.35 hm2,分别占总面积77.89%,11.32%和8.38%;研究时段内耕地、草地、林地、水域依次减少20866.61,11065.22,1186.44和748.96 hm2,分别比1985年减少了2.08%,7.18%,4.60%和11.64%;建设用地增加33902.8 hm2,为1985年的47.11%;建设占用耕地26668.8 hm2,占建设用地转入流的96.26%;草地转耕地18923.9 hm2,占草地转出流的93.24%;1985-1990年土地系统较为稳定,综合动态度为0.52;1990-1995土地利用变化活跃,综合动态度达到3.60,其后逐渐降低,到2005-2010降低为1.16,土地系统趋于稳定。空间上,耕地转建设用地在城镇周边幅度较大,草地和耕地互转主要在渭南台塬东部、咸阳塬北部以及宝鸡台塬区。  相似文献   

14.
In order to observe the variation in land use changes, satellite images from the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and the Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) for 1991, 2000, 2005, and 2008 were used to compare the differences between selected water quality parameters, including heavy metal (Cd, Pb, and Zn) content in both water and green mussels or Perna viridis (Linnaeus.) before and after the increase in land use activities beginning from 2006. The samples were collected at 11 points for water and 4 points for green mussels between the Second Link and the Causeway Link at the Johor Strait in 2009 and were analyzed for pH, temperature degrees Celsius), dissolved oxygen, ammoniacal nitrogen, and heavy metal (Cd, Pb, and Zn) content.  相似文献   

15.
辽河中下游流域土地利用变化及其生态环境效应   总被引:20,自引:1,他引:19       下载免费PDF全文
辽河中下游地区地处东北老工业基地区,是我国重要的重工业、能源和商品粮生产基地。基于TM卫星遥感数据及调查资料,对辽河中下游流域1986—2000年土地利用时空变化特征及其生态效应进行了研究。结果表明,随着人口的增加和经济的发展,流域耕地面积持续扩大,林地、草地、水域面积趋于减少,居民地、工矿、交通等建设用地增加。整个景观斑块数量呈现减少趋势,景观的空间结构趋于简单化。农业用地是平原地区土地利用变化的主体和媒介,主要土地利用转变类型大多与耕地有关。土地利用/覆被变化导致了诸多环境问题如水土流失加剧,水资源短缺、水质恶化,湿地生态功能下降等,使流域生态环境更加趋于脆弱。  相似文献   

16.
王秋贤  王富喜 《水土保持通报》2016,36(2):151-155,160
[目的]探讨沿海城市土地利用的综合效益,为政府部门制定和完善沿海城市土地开发利用政策提供科学指导。[方法]以山东省烟台市为例,从经济效益、社会效益、生态效益3方面构建了城市土地利用效益综合评价指标体系,利用均方差权值法对其土地利用效益进行评价分析。[结果]2001—2010年烟台城市土地利用效益不断提高,集约性不断增强,正逐步实现从外延扩张向内涵挖潜的转变;但与其他13个沿海开放城市相比,目前烟台城市土地利用效益还处于较低水平,特别是城市用地的经济效益和社会效益与其他城市的差距尤其明显。[结论]均方差权值法是一种较为理想的城市土地利用效益多指标综合评价方法,烟台市土地利用今后应进一步提高其社会和经济效益。  相似文献   

17.
客观准确把握长三角沿海地区土地承载力发展状态及其区际演化差异,是开展土地资源优化配置与可持续发展的基础。该研究从支撑方-施压方维度构建了沿海地区土地承载力评价指标体系,借助遥感影像解译数据与社会经济统计数据,运用熵值法、耦合协调分析法及土地承载力指数法,对2000、2010及2018年长三角11个沿海地区的土地承载力时空分异特征及支撑-施压耦合协调关系进行了综合研究,结果表明:1)长三角沿海区域各年份综合施压力均高于支撑力,始终处于超载状态,且支撑力指数与施压力指数分别呈现波动式上升、波动式下降趋势;2)在各时期共计33个沿海地区样本中,有9个区域土地承载力指数大于1,沿海地区盈余状态占比27.3%。其中,上海市和杭州市在各时期的支撑力与施压力水平均未发生变化,其余地区在支撑力与施压力水平上则呈现出等级的持续上升、持续下降或升降交替变化趋势;3)长三角沿海地区耦合度介于0.9~1.0之间的区域占比为97%,其均处于协调耦合期;土地支撑-施压协调度涵盖中度失调型、基本协调型、中度协调型、高度协调型4种类型,其中,江苏省以中度失调型居多,浙江省以基本协调型居多,形成"北低南高"的空间格局,并呈现由南北两侧逐渐向上海市进行高值汇聚的态势;4)长三角沿海区域整体承载力水平始终处于超载但超载程度趋于减弱,且各时期均存在土地超载与盈余并存的区域发展状态;空间上呈现出江苏省"南北超载中部盈余"、上海市"全域盈余"以及浙江省"北部盈余南部超载"的格局特征。  相似文献   

18.
分析研究当前区域性耕地资源数量与质量的变化格局和态势,定量评估城镇扩展对耕地产能的影响,具有重要的理论和现实意义。以唐山市1993年和2003年两期Landsat TM/ETM遥感影像为主要数据,运用Erdas软件进行人机交互解译,并借助GIS软件分析城镇扩展对耕地面积和空间分布的影响。基于农用地分等成果为基础,通过典型调查,建立耕地利用等指数和耕地实际产量的回归模型,定量估算10 a间城镇建设用地扩展对耕地产能造成的损失。研究表明10 a来唐山市建设用地总量迅速扩展,主要增加源为耕地,城镇建设用地扩展占用耕地的面积达14.27×103 hm2,主要分布于丰润区和丰南区,即1993-2003年间唐山市城镇发展方向主要为南北双向扩展,该两区产能损失分别占全市总损失产能的41.88%与37.97%,且城镇扩展占用的多是7等以上城镇周边农业基础设施好、生产力水平较高的农田,损失产能达1.35×105 t,对区域农业生产和粮食安全产生了不容忽视的影响。  相似文献   

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