低分子有机酸对暗棕壤P、Fe、K有效性及林木吸收的影响

模拟东北林区森林凋落物淋洗液中低分子有机酸浓度范围,研究了不同浓度外源草酸、柠檬酸溶液对暗棕壤中P、Fe、K等养分元素有效性、以及落叶松和水曲柳幼苗吸收P、Fe、K的影响。结果表明,合适浓度的草酸和柠檬酸促进暗棕壤中磷的活化,并促进落叶松和水曲柳苗木根系对磷的吸收,但较高浓度时(50.0mmol/L)水曲柳叶片含磷量却降低;合适浓度草酸和柠檬酸促进暗棕壤中Fe、K等金属元素的活化释放,并促进落叶松和水曲柳幼苗对Fe、K的吸收和运输;在有机酸活化土壤P、Fe、K养分、促进林木吸收的过程中,柠檬酸的作用效果强于同浓度草酸,这主要与柠檬酸较强的络合能力及较大的解离常数有关。     

苹果酸/盐对暗棕壤磷有效性及林木吸收磷的影响

模拟森林凋落物淋洗液中苹果酸/盐浓度范围,研究不同浓度苹果酸/盐对风干暗棕壤中磷有效性的影响及机制,同时采用盆栽试验,在自然暗棕壤中对苹果酸/盐提高磷的有效性进行验证,并探讨苹果酸/盐对落叶松和水曲柳幼苗吸收运输磷素养分的影响。结果表明：苹果酸/盐溶液显著促进A1层和B层风干暗棕壤磷的活化,释放量随浓度增加而增大,但B层释放效应较弱。对A1层和B层风干暗棕壤磷的释放作用苹果酸盐强于同浓度的苹果酸,因此推断,苹果酸/盐促进暗棕壤磷释放的主要机理在于苹果酸阴离子反应。苹果酸/盐对暗棕壤磷的释放具有累加性,土壤磷释放量主要由苹果酸阴离子累积载荷量决定,以苹果酸盐加入时,磷释放量Y与苹果酸阴离子累积载荷量X间回归方程为：Y=-0.0005 X2＋0.1929 X＋1.8192,R2=0.959 3,初步估算森林凋落物层溶出的苹果酸/盐对暗棕壤A1层的磷释放量为3.04kg/（hm2.a）,约相当于当地中龄林年吸收磷量的1/4～1/3。自然暗棕壤中的添加试验也证实,合适浓度苹果酸/盐对提高暗棕壤中磷的有效性具有积极作用。苹果酸/盐还促进落叶松和水曲柳幼苗对磷的吸收运输,以1.0mmol/L或5.0mmol/L浓度时影响最显著,且苹果酸盐的作用强于苹果酸的。     

Cd胁迫下长白落叶松幼苗根系有机酸的分泌研究

用A1层暗棕壤栽植长白落叶松幼苗(1 a生和2 a生),1个月后用CdCl2溶液对土壤进行Cd胁迫处理,使土壤Cd2+浓度分别达1、2、4、8 mg kg-1,在胁迫处理后第3 d、10 d和30 d,分别采集上述两种幼苗的根际土壤样品,研究不同Cd胁迫程度(水平)和胁迫时间处理后,长白落叶松幼苗根系分泌的有机酸种类和数量,以期为系统研究有机酸在森林生态系统中的作用提供理论依据。结果表明,Cd胁迫促进1 a生苗根系分泌有机酸种类和数量增加,增加量因胁迫时间和胁迫程度而异;增加有机酸种类数量的胁迫时长顺序为30 d 3 d 10 d,即在一定胁迫程度范围内,苗木受胁迫时间较短、胁迫较重时新检出有机酸的种类较多。同样,在一定胁迫程度和胁迫时长内,苗木根系分泌有机酸总量随胁迫程度提高而增加,达到最大值后胁迫程度继续提高则分泌有机酸的总量降低。在其它条件一定时,随胁迫时间延长,根系有机酸分泌总量降低。在不同的胁迫时间,有机酸分泌量大多以3 d增幅最大;对于不同种类有机酸,苹果酸分泌量增幅最大,其次为柠檬酸或草酸。对于2 a生苗,大多数Cd胁迫处理也增加其根系分泌的有机酸种类数量,且在一定胁迫程度内有机酸分泌总量随胁迫程度增加而增加。     

有机酸和磷对两种污染土壤铅的释放作用研究

用土壤培养和化学浸提法研究了不同低分子量有机酸和磷对污染土壤中铅释放的影响。结果表明,随有机酸浓度增加,铅污染红壤、棕壤中可溶出铅量均增加。当供试有机酸浓度≥1mmol·L-1时,相同浓度有机酸溶出铅量为柠檬酸〉乙酸〉草酸;当有机酸浓度≤0.5mmol·L-1时,溶出铅量为草酸〉柠檬酸〉乙酸。将2g·kg-1磷及50mmol·kg-1有机酸与铅污染红壤以不同方式混合后,柠檬酸处理的溶出铅比率（在污染土壤中加入P、有机酸后溶出铅含量与单加有机酸溶出铅含量之比）为66%（先加有机酸再加磷）、58%（有机酸与磷同时加入）、70%（先加磷再加有机酸）,草酸处理（方式同上）的溶出铅比率为90%、89%、94%,乙酸处理（方式同上）的为10%、8%、10%。铅污染棕壤上,以上处理的溶出铅比率分别为106.46%、104.43%、105.19%（柠檬酸）;43%、48%、58%（草酸）;38%、42%、55%（乙酸）。供试条件下,红壤最低溶出铅比率低于棕壤。     

草酸/草酸盐对森林暗棕壤的磷释放效应

模拟森林凋落物淋洗液中的草酸/草酸盐浓度范围,设计了不同浓度草酸/草酸盐溶液一次性浸提和多次连续浸提系列实验,其中的草酸(阴离子)载荷量为0~200 mmol kg-1。结果表明,草酸能显著促进暗棕壤A1层(腐殖质层)磷的释放,土壤磷溶出量随草酸溶液浓度升高而线性增加;但对B层土壤磷的释放效应相对较弱,草酸浓度低于5mmol L-1时B层磷的释放不明显。pH 5.16草酸钠溶液比相同浓度的草酸溶液具有更高的解磷效率,在设置二者浓度为0.5~20.0 mmol L-1时,前者的解磷量是后者的1.51~2.98倍,推断草酸盐溶液或凋落物淋洗液中草酸(盐)类物质促进暗棕壤磷释放的主要机理在于草酸阴离子(C2O42-)配位反应。草酸盐对暗棕壤磷的释放效应具有一定累加性,土壤磷释放量主要由草酸阴离子累积载荷量决定,而与其加入方式(多次或一次性)关系不大;当以pH5.16草酸钠溶液加入时,土壤磷释放量Y(mgkg-1)与草酸阴离子累积载荷量X(mmol kg-1)间的回归方程为Y=-0.000 4X2 0.176 6X 0.425 3,R2=0.990 2。仅以凋落物层溶出的草酸(阴离子)量进行估计,由此增加的A1层土壤磷释放量达2.40 kg hm-2a-1,大约相当于中龄林年吸收磷量的1/3~1/5,因此其实际作用是不可忽视的。     

外源有机酸对两种生态型东南景天吸收和积累锌的影响

通过溶液培养试验,比较研究了外源有机酸对两种生态型东南景天生长和锌吸收与积累的影响。结果表明,外加柠檬酸或草酸能明显增强非超积累生态型东南景天的耐锌毒能力,叶片、茎和根系的生物量均有增加;而对锌超积累生态型东南景天的生长没有显著性影响。外加柠檬酸、草酸或柠檬酸+草酸,锌超积累生态型根系Zn含量显著增加,但叶片和茎组织中Zn含量无明显变化;而非超积累生态型叶片、茎和根系Zn含量均显著增加,尤其是根系Zn含量,与单独Zn处理相比外源有机酸处理增加4～5倍。同样,外加柠檬酸、草酸或柠檬酸+草酸明显提高Zn在非超积累生态型根系和地上部的积累量,且对地上部Zn积累量的促进程度大于根部;柠檬酸的促进作用又比草酸及2种酸混合处理高1倍。然而,有机酸处理对Zn超积累生态型根系Zn积累量有所增加,但对叶片和茎中Zn积累量无影响。叶片和茎中水溶态Zn含量也受外源有机酸的影响,2种生态型叶片、茎中水溶态Zn含量均受有机酸处理而提高。Zn超积累生态型叶片和茎中水溶态Zn含量占总Zn含量比例也受有机酸处理而增大,但非超积累生态型则显著降低。上述结果表明,柠檬酸和草酸可能作为其Zn吸收的配基,促进根系对Zn吸收与积累,叶片和茎中的Zn可能与可溶性有机化合物或无机盐结合。     

低分子量有机酸对土壤磷释放动力学的影响

模拟植物在缺磷条件下,根系所分泌的有机酸种类和数量,用流动法研究了柠檬酸,苹果酸,草酸和酒石酸对土壤磷释放的影响。结果表明：有机酸能明显促进土壤中磷的释放,不同有机酸对石灰性土壤活化能力大小的次序为草酸≥柠檬酸〉苹果酸〉酒石酸;而对酸性土壤磷的释放量与Ｆｅ＋Ａｌ释放量之间呈极 相关,有机酸活化土壤磷能力大小的次序为柠檬酸〉草酸〉酒石酸〉苹果酸。     

氯对白菜幼苗的生长及养分吸收的影响

采用土培实验,研究了外源氯（CK,低氯,中氯,高氯）对大白菜 [Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinesis (Lour)Olsson]幼苗叶绿素含量、根系活力以及对N、P、K养分吸收、累积的影响。结果表明:低浓度氯处理对大白菜幼苗没有明显的影响。中氯和高氯处理,都显著降低了白菜幼苗生物量、叶绿素含量和根系活力。随着氯浓度的升高,白菜幼苗叶片和根Cl-含量显著升高,中氯处理Cl-累积量最高,过量的氯降低了N、P、K养分在白菜幼苗体内的累积。氯胁迫抑制作物根系活力和光合作用从而减少主动养分的有效供应是造成生物量降低的主要原因。     

低分子量有机酸对石灰性土壤磷吸附动力学的影响

根据植物在缺磷胁迫下,根系分泌的有机酸种类的数量,用流动法研究了柠檬酸、苹果酸、草酸和酒石酸对石灰性土壤磷吸附动力学的影响。结果表明：有机酸均能明显降低土壤对磷的吸附,不同有机酸降低磷吸附的能力大小的次序为草酸≥柠檬酸〉苹果酸≥酒石酸。     

低分子量有机酸对红壤无机磷活化的作用

采用室内模拟试验研究了低分子量有机酸,如草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸和苹果酸在红壤无机磷活化中的作用。结果表明,相同浓度下,有机酸活化土壤磷的能力为柠檬酸酒石酸苹果酸。低浓度(0.5mmolL-1)时,草酸活化能力最小;高浓度(≥5mmolL-1)时,其活化能力最大。对同一种有机酸而言,土壤各无机磷形态活化量均随pH的升高而降低;且在同一酸度下,其活化量以铝磷(Al-P)为最多,铁磷(Fe-P)和钙磷(Ca-P)次之,闭蓄态磷(O-P)则最少。有机酸活化土壤无机磷酸盐应该是质子酸效应和有机酸阴离子络合效应共同作用的结果,且与磷酸盐的溶度积常数密切相关。研究结果对根系土壤无机磷素循环研究有着重要的意义。     

Effect of organic,inorganic, and combined organic and inorganic P fertilization on plant P uptake and soil P pools

Phosphorus (P) is a limited resource, and its efficient use is a main task in sustainable agriculture. In a 6‐year field experiment on a loamy‐sand soil poor in P, the effects of organic, inorganic, and combined organic‐inorganic fertilization on crop yield, P uptake into grain, and soil properties (organic matter [OM] content, pH, water‐extractable P [P_w], double lactate–extractable P [P_dl], oxalate‐extractable P [P_ox], P‐sorption capacity [PSC], and degree of P saturation [DPS]) were investigated for the maritime climate in northeast Germany. Nine treatments were compared: a control treatment without fertilizer application, two organic fertilizers (cattle manure [CM] and biowaste compost [BC]; applied at a rate of 30 t ha^–1 in autumn 1998 and 2001), application of triple‐superphosphate (TSP; applied once a year either in autumn or in spring to evaluate the effects of application date), and combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizations. Several winter and spring crops (oilseed rape, barley, wheat) were cultivated according to good agricultural practice. The 6 year–average yield and P uptake were significantly higher for fertilized plots than for nonfertilized plots. Although the combination of organic × inorganic fertilizers resulted in higher soil P contents, significant yield increases were only found when organic fertilization was combined with TSP in spring. Small effects of P supply on yield in some years indicate that plant‐available soil P (despite of low P_dl values) was sufficient for crop growth. Phosphorus supply affected soil P_dl and P_w more than the parameters measured in the oxalate extract (P_ox, PSC, DPS). In general, periodically applied cattle manure and biowaste compost had the same effect on yield, P uptake, and soil P status as annually applied soluble mineral P.     

Short‐term effects of application of different rates of inorganic P and residue P on soil P pools and wheat growth

Phosphorus (P) can be added to soil as inorganic P or crop‐residue P, but little is known about how these two forms of P addition affect soil P pools and how their effect changes with the rate of P addition. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to assess the effect of inorganic P and P added as residues at different rates on (1) soil P pools at two time points: immediately after amendment and 42 d later, and (2) growth and P uptake by wheat at flowering (day 42). Three types of legume residues (faba bean young shoot, chickpea mature shoots with pods, and white lupin mature shoots without pods) were added to a loamy‐sand soil at a rate of 5 or 15 g residue kg^–1. Inorganic P was added at four different rates (3, 10, 30, and 100 mg P kg^–1) to give P‐addition rates corresponding to the total P added with the different residues at the two residue rates. Soil P pool concentrations (microbial P, resin‐P, NaHCO₃‐P, NaOH‐P, HCl‐P, and residual P) and wheat growth and P uptake (shoot and root) were measured after 6 weeks. Compared to inorganic P addition, P added with residues led to a 10%–80% greater increase in shoot biomass at the two highest P‐addition rates. Wheat P uptake was positively correlated with resin‐P and microbial‐P concentrations in residue‐P‐amended soil, but with resin‐P and NaOH‐P_i concentrations in soil amended with inorganic P. The concentration of HCl‐P decreased by up to 30% from day 0 to day 42 in the residue treatments and that of residual P decreased by about 20% in all treatments during this period suggesting that these nonlabile P pools are quite dynamic and could serve as P source for plants.     

Evaluation of P sorption capacity and P extractants for assessing P requirements of maize in Western Nigeria savannah soils.

Abstract

Most of the P extractants developed for soils in temperate countries have not been able to successfully predict P requirements of crops in the tropics. Some workers have, however, suggested the use of sorption capacity at standard equilibrium P concentration to estimate fertilizer P requirements. Phosphorus sorption capacity (psc), determined at 0.2 and 2.0 ug/ml equilibrium P concentrations, were evaluated by greenhouse and field fertilizer experiments on savannah soils of western Nigeria. Correlation coefficients between psc at 0.2 and 2.0 ug/ml P and yield attributes were very low and not statistically significant. The sorption values were also not able to predict P requirement in these soils because psc, and therefore, buffer capacity were low, difficult to measure accurately and did not approximate values required for maximum crop yields.

Field P rates usually exceeded P requirements obtained from psc measurements. However, extractants which were able to indicate P status and availability in the soils correlated significantly with yield. It is suggested, therefore, that soil tests with suitable P extractants in addition to fixation studies which would evaluate P needed to increase soil F to a given level would have to be investigated for meaningful fertilizer recommendations.     

Assessing the Feasibility of Olsen P and P Sorption Parameters in Acidic Soils

Plant-available phosphorus (P) and P adsorption capacities are important for crop growth in acidic soils. Olsen P test, which is based on extraction with bicarbonate for predicting the amount of soil P available to plants, was used in this work. Soil P-adsorption capacities were determined by Langmuir line equation. The purpose of this work was to examine the suitability of Olsen P for predicting phytoavailable P and P sorption parameters in acid soil. To this end, we (i) assessed the phytoavailable P by successively pot-cropping rice and (ii) P adsorption characteristics of soil and their relation with Olsen P. Plant-available P, estimated by Olsen P in tested soil, was correlated to labile P. Qm (phosphorus sorption maximum) was negatively correlated with K (P sorption strength). P buffering capacity of soils was P3 (the highest P rate) >P2 (the second highest P rate) >P1 (the lowest P rate) >P0 (no P adding) after 75 day’s rice growth, which indicated P replenishment capacity was different among P treatments. This also suggested that P of plant uptake may decrease soil buffering capacity, especially for soils that contained relatively lower amounts of P. Qm and K were not significantly correlated to Olsen P. Degree of P saturation and Olsen P shared the similar trend with the change of P application rates and sampling dates. We concluded P status in soil can be characterized by degree of P saturation and Olsen P in tested soil. They were able to explain P status from both agronomic and environmental aspects.

Abbreviations: Qm, P sorption maximum; K, P sorption strength; P3, highest P rate in soil; P2, second highest P rate in soil; P1, lowest P rate in soil; P0, P adding in soil.     

不同供磷水平下澳洲坚果幼苗排根发生及其磷素利用

水培试验测试了澳洲坚果幼苗在6个供磷水平下排根的产生及对磷素利用情况, 结果表明: 随供磷量的升高(0.2~3.2 mol·L^-1), 澳洲坚果幼苗排根产生量、植株干重和排根占根系干重的比例均呈下降趋势; 供磷量由0.2 mol·L^-1升至1.6 mol·L^-1, 非排根酸性磷酸酶活性呈升高趋势, 排根酸性磷酸酶活性变化与非排根相反, 排根酸性磷酸酶活性平均比非排根高72.86%; 全磷含量为叶片>根系>茎, 0.2 mol·L^-1处理的澳洲坚果幼苗根系、茎秆和叶片全磷含量均高于其他处理; 与不施磷相比, 一定供磷量(0.2~0.4 mol·L^-1)可降低非排根酸性磷酸酶活性, 提高排根产生量、植株干重、排根占根系干重的比例和排根酸性磷酸酶活性, 进而增加澳洲坚果幼苗根系、茎秆和叶片全磷含量, 最终提高植株磷含量。在0~1.6 mol·L^-1供磷量下, 澳洲坚果幼苗排根产生量与植株干重、排根占根系干重的比例及茎秆、根系、植株磷含量呈显著和极显著正相关, 与排根酸性磷酸酶活性、叶片全磷含量呈90%以上正相关。     

Influence of phosphorus-solubilizing compounds on soil P and P uptake by perennial ryegrass

Found throughout the world, phosphorus (P)-fixing soils have long been studied for their effect on the availability of P fertilizers for crop production. It is known that organic acids in the rhizosphere affect P solubilization and uptake, although effectiveness has been shown to vary with acid, crop, and soil characteristics. Regardless, commercial products have been developed that include some formulation of organic acids intended to increase P solubility and uptake. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of the commercial P-solubilizing products Avail (maleic-itaconic copolymer) and P Miner (organic acid-based product) to maintain a greater pool of plant-available P for uptake by perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Greenhouse experiments were conducted with P fertilization (0, 17, 34, and 50 kg P ha^?1) and P solubilization materials in an incomplete 4?×?5 factorial design. Treatments were added to a soil with a high P-fixing capability and perennial ryegrass planted. Collected data included plant dry matter and P content, and acid (Mehlich-I) and labile (CaCl₂) extractable soil P concentrations. Results are not definitive, but they indicate that both Avail and P Miner have the potential to improve available forms of P in the soil that are available to ryegrass. In these greenhouse trials, the application of P Miner at four times the recommended rate (480 kg ha^?1) resulted in highest labile and acid-extractable P, while application of Avail and P Miner at the recommended rate (120 kg ha^?1) resulted in the highest P uptake.     

砂土供磷能力及磷肥用量模式研究

在河南省黄泛平原沙土区进行多年多点田间试验．结果表明,砂土小麦磷肥的肥效与土壤Olsen－P含量呈y＝16．8432－10．881ogx（n＝33,r＝－0．9700**）极显著曲线负相关小麦相对产量和吸磷量与Olsen－P含量呈显著正相关．据此可以判断土壤供磷的丰缺程度．Olsen－P含量与小麦磷肥用量呈显著负相关,为生产实践中测土施磷提供了指标．     

菜园土壤高磷条件对油菜磷、锌含量的影响

采用盆钵试验研究了菜园土高磷条件下对油菜磷、锌颉颃作用的影响。结果表明,随着土壤有效磷含量的升高,油菜植株体内的含磷量也在不断升高,但上升的趋势逐渐减缓,其中,茎叶的含磷量始终大于根中的含磷量。而植株的含锌量则有很大的不同,随着土壤有效磷含量的增加,植株根中的含锌量也在不断的增加,直到趋于平稳,而茎叶中锌的含量随土壤有效磷含量的升高而增加到一定程度后表现出下降的变化趋势。这说明油菜的磷、锌颉颃作用是发生在植株体内的一种生理机制。     

Genetic Variations of Brassica Cultivars for P Acquisition in a P Stress Environment and Comparison of P Sources for Sustainable Crop Management

To compare the growth performance of Brassica in a phosphorus (P) stress environment and response to added P, six Brassica cultivars were grown in pots for 49 days after sowing, using a soil low in P [sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃)–extractable P = 3.97 mg kg^?1, Mehlich III–extractable P = 6.13 mg kg^?1] with (+P = 60 mg P kg^?1 soil) or without P addition (0P). Phosphorus‐stress markedly reduced biomass accumulation and P uptake by roots and shoots. However, root–shoot ratio remained unaffected, implying that relative partitioning of biomass into roots and shoots had little role to play in shoot dry matter (SDM) production by cultivars. Biomass correlated significantly (P < 0.01) with total P uptake. Under P stress, the cultivars that produced greater root biomass were able to accumulate more total P content (r = 0.95^**), which in turn was related positively to SDM and total biomass (r > 0.89^**) and negatively to P‐stress factor (r = ?0.91^**). There was no correlation between P efficiency (PE) (relative shoot growth) and plant P, but PE showed a very significant correlation with shoot P content and SDM. Wide differences in growth and better performance of cultivars such as ‘Brown Raya’ and ‘Con‐1’ under P stress encouraged screening of more germplasm, especially in the field, to identify P‐tolerant cultivars.

In another study, potential relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of sparingly soluble P sources was investigated by growing two contrasting cultivars. The P sources incorporated into soil at 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg P Kg^?1 were (i) powdered Jordan rock P (RP), (ii) triple superphosphate (TSP), (iii) powdered low‐grade TSP [TSP(PLG)], (iv) a mixture of RP + TSP compacted into pellets at 50:50 P ratio [RP + TSP(PelC)], and (v) a mixture of powdered RP + TSP at 50:50 P ratio [RP + TSP(PM)]. The RP was low in RAE and only 5 and 29% as effective as TSP in producing dry matter (DM) of P‐sensitive ‘B.S.A.’ and P‐tolerant ‘Brown Raya’ cultivars, respectively. There were no significant differences between TSP and RP + TSP(PelC) in DM yield of ‘Brown Raya,’ whereas, in the case of ‘B.S.A.’ RP + TSP(PM) was significantly less effective than RP + TSP(PelC) compared with TSP. Combined utilization of superior genome and P sources [such as TSP(PLG) and RP + TSP(PelC)] produced from low‐grade RP (that cannot be used either for direct application or acidulated P fertilizers) can be used as an alternative strategy for sustainable crop production, especially in resource‐poor environments. Further field trials at the level of cropping systems are needed.     

小麦/玉米苗期磷累积量对介质供磷水平反应的差异

小麦和玉米苗期是磷素营养的关键期和敏感期,研究两种作物苗期对介质供磷反应,可为合理施用磷肥提供参考.试验设缺磷对照、低磷胁迫、中等磷胁迫和正常供磷(P2O5含量分别为0、0.05 mmol·L-1、0.3 mmol·L-1和0.5 mmol·L-1) 4种磷水平,选取小麦"小偃22号"、"兰考4号"和玉米"屯玉65号"、"户单4号"为指标作物,用营养液培养法研究小麦、玉米苗期磷累积量对介质不同供磷水平的反应差异.结果表明,不同介质供磷水平下,两种作物苗期磷累积量显著不同且因作物类型、基因型、器官及测定时期不同而异.总体而言,介质供磷后,苗期早期生长阶段(出苗后25 d以前),小麦的介质最佳供磷水平较玉米高;苗期后期(出苗后40～50 d),小麦和玉米最佳供磷水平一致.如果以低磷胁迫作为对比进行分析,玉米苗期整株磷累积量对介质供磷的敏感性比小麦强;从不同基因型来看:"兰考4号"对介质供磷的敏感性强于"小偃22号","屯玉65号"和"户单4号"基本一致.缺磷条件下小麦较玉米磷效率高,供磷条件下玉米较小麦高;但不同基因型间规律性较差.