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1.
不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳各库大小及分解动态   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
依据三库一级动力学理论,以下蜀黄土为对象,研究了天然林地、新旱地和老旱地土壤不同土层有机碳各库大小和分解动态,探讨了土地利用变更对土壤有机碳的影响。结果表明:下蜀黄土上发育的黄棕壤表层、中层和下层土壤总有机碳库大小分别为7 818.34~9 242.30 m g/kg,3 093.66~3 338.59 m g/kg,2 337.27~3188.40m g/kg。各碳库占总有机碳比例及平均驻留时间为:活性碳库0.41%~3.81%,平均驻留时间3~40天;缓效性碳库23.23%~79.11%,平均驻留时间5~24年;惰性碳库18.11%~74.80%。土地利用类型从天然林地—新旱地—老旱地转变导致各层土壤缓效性碳库减小,中层惰性碳库增大,随着旱地耕作时间增长这种趋势越明显。根据呼吸培养结果发现土壤有机碳分解具有前期快速分解和后期稳定分解两个阶段,快速分解期为活性碳平均驻留时间。研究表明,旱地土壤较之天然林地具有更大的固碳能力,只要合理管理与耕作,旱地将是一个巨大的碳汇。  相似文献   

2.
农业利用方式对土壤有机碳库大小及周转的影响研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过土壤样品的室内培养,运用三库一级动力学理论,以丘陵区红壤为对象,研究了水田、桔园、旱地、水旱轮作4种土地利用方式农田土壤有机碳库大小、各碳库平均周转时间及分解动态,探讨了土地利用变化对土壤有机碳的影响.结果表明,土壤有机碳分快速分解和缓慢分解两个阶段.快速分解阶段的分解速率与活性碳含量和活性碳占有机碳的百分含量相关性不明显;缓慢分解阶段的速率与缓性碳库含量呈正相关.4种土地利用类型表层和中层土壤总有机碳含量分别为4.97~12.40 g/kg,2.58~4.00 g/kg;缓性碳库表层含量的大小顺序为,水田(5.78 g/kg)>旱地(3.77 g/kg)>桔园(3.39 g/kg)>水旱轮作(2.83 g/kg)I惰性碳库表层含量的大小顺序与缓性碳相同,含量分别为6.42,5.43,2.45,2.03 g/kg,水田的缓、惰性碳库含量最高,水田更具有固碳潜力.  相似文献   

3.
长白山森林土壤有机碳库大小及周转研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
主要分析不同森林植被下有机碳的分解动态和土壤碳库各组分大小、周转时间。结果表明:土壤样品培养90天,CO2累计释放量表层大致为1723~5065mg/kg、下层大致为178~642mg/kg。分解速率总的趋势是前期快,后期慢,表层明显大于下层。大小顺序为:冷杉林〉针阔混交林和阔叶林〉针叶林。在不同植被下的表层和下层土壤中,活性碳占总有机碳的0.54%~1.67%,0.45%~5.48%.平均驻留时间为11~56天、60~88天;缓效性碳占总有机碳的23.0%~63.3%,33.2%~72.2%,平均驻留时间为4~70年、24~161年;惰效性碳占总有机碳的35.5%~75.5%.26.0%~65.%。表层土壤的总有机碳、活性碳、缓效性碳和惰效性碳含量都明显大于下层。凋落物的化学组成主要决定活性碳库、缓效性碳库含量,土壤的粘粒含量等性质主要决定惰效性碳库含量。  相似文献   

4.
几种不同类型土壤有机碳库容大小及周转研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
通过土壤样品的室内培养,运用三库一级动力学理论,分析了沼泽土、草甸土、普通黄棕壤和棕色石灰土4种土壤有机碳库容大小、各碳库平均周转时间及分解动态。结果表明,4种土壤剖面表层和中层有机碳含量分别为8.48~24.53 g/kg,4.02~16.77 g/kg;活性碳占总有机碳含量的0.99%~5.01%,1.31%~1.91%,平均周转时间分别为8.8~14.3 d,10.4~16.5 d;缓效性碳占总有机碳含量的15.88%~59.04%,20.43%~48.36%,平均周转时间分别为1.3~29.1 a,3.6~21.3 a;惰性碳占总有机碳含量的39.97%~79.11%,50.31%~77.66%。不同类型土壤三库有机碳含量均是上层明显大于中层,培养3个月,表层和中层土壤有机碳累计分解量分别达到了165.99~2 429.57 mg/kg,108.04~743.02 mg/kg,4种土壤有机碳分解速率大小顺序:沼泽土>草甸土>棕色石灰土>普通黄棕壤,与活性碳的百分比含量成正相关关系。对培养期间土壤有机碳累计释放量进行拟合,发现三次方程(Y=b0 b1x b2x2 b3x3)能很好地描述其变化趋势,相关性均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

5.
不同森林植被下土壤有机碳的分解特征及碳库研究   总被引:37,自引:7,他引:30  
分析了不同森林植被和同一植被不同林龄的人工杉木林下土壤有机碳的分解特征及土壤有机碳中的活性碳库、缓效性碳库和惰效性碳库的大小和周转时间。结果表明:不同森林植被下土壤有机碳的分解速率不同,总的趋势都是:培养前期分解速度快,后期分解速度慢,土壤剖面A层>剖面B层。在剖面A层中:不同森林植被下分解速率的大小顺序为常绿阔叶林>人工杉木林,不同林龄的人工杉木林为成熟林>中龄林>幼龄林;在剖面B层中:分解速率差异不大。不同森林植被下不同土壤剖面上的土壤活性碳库、缓效性碳库和惰效性碳库的库容和分解速率不同,土壤活性碳库碳含量一般占总有机碳的0 99%~2 89%,田间平均驻留时间为10~23天;土壤缓效性碳一般占总有机碳的17 17%~55 46%,田间平均驻留时间为1 6~24 2年;土壤惰效性碳一般占总有机碳的42 05%~80 66%,田间平均驻留时间为假定的1000年。  相似文献   

6.
通过土壤样品的室内培养,运用三库一级动力学理论,分析桂林毛村典型岩溶区旱地、灌丛、果园、林地4种不同土地利用类型下石灰土有机碳库容大小、各碳库平均周转时间及其影响因素。结果表明:4种土地利用类型土壤有机碳含量分别为15.41~20.10g/kg,13.07~31.16g/kg,9.38~14.74g/kg,30.82~37.52g/kg。活性有机碳占总有机碳的比例最小,分别为0.61%~0.93%,0.95%~1.24%,0.77%~1.00%,1.49%~1.66%。缓效性有机碳库分别占总有机碳含量的21.13%~30.18%,13.58%~23.46%,29.54%~46.58%,30.39%~33.84%。平均周转时间分别为7,8,7,12年。惰性有机碳占总有机碳的比例最高,分别为69.18%~78.26%,75.27%~85.47%,56.63%~69.70%,64.64%~68.12%。延长缓效性碳库驻留时间在一定程度上是提高土壤有机碳库的关键因素。相关分析表明,土壤有机碳总量、土壤碳酸钙含量、总钙量、土壤pH值、全氮含量、C/N与土壤有机碳各库库容及周转时间存在显著的正相关,腐殖质含量与土壤有机碳库及周转时间呈极显著正相关,土壤过氧化氢酶及脲酶活性显著影响土壤有机碳库含量及周转时间。  相似文献   

7.
保护性耕作下土壤碳库管理指数的研究   总被引:43,自引:5,他引:38  
以保护性耕作长期定位试验为研究对象,分析了保护性耕作对土壤不同层次的总碳、活性碳的影响,并计算了各处理的碳库活度、碳库活度指数和碳库管理指数。结果表明,土壤总有机碳和活性碳均随土层的增加而减少,其0~30cm平均总有机碳含量大小为旋耕〉免耕〉翻耕〉对照,秸秆还田提高土壤耕层总有机碳,旋耕和免耕提高表层土壤有机碳.且差异达到显著水平;土壤活性碳平均含量为旋耕〉翻耕〉对照〉免耕,旋耕和翻耕提高土壤活性碳,免耕则降低土壤活性碳,尤其是10~20cm土层活性碳比旋耕下降了27.33%。华北平原0~30cm土层的碳库各项指数受表层的影响比较大,其中保护性耕作(少免耕和秸秆还田)能增加土层的总有机碳、稳态碳和碳库指数;而翻耕秸秆还田则提高了土壤的A和AI,少免耕则降低了土壤的A和AI;就碳库管理指数来讲,秸秆还田的贡献大于耕作措施。  相似文献   

8.
成都典型区水稻土有机碳组分构成及其影响因素研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
农田生态系统土壤有机碳对农业生产、生态平衡和全球气候变化至关重要,有机碳组分构成及平均驻留时间对深入了解土壤有机碳特征及演变规律意义重大。通过土壤呼吸培养实验和三库一级动力学方程,模拟分析了成都典型区水稻土有机碳组分构成特征;利用土壤定量化属性与有机碳各组分相关及回归分析,建立研究区土壤有机碳各组分预测模型。结果表明,有机碳组分的活性碳、慢性碳和惰性碳含量在表层(0~20 cm)分别为0.42、6.13、11.43 g kg-1,均高于亚表层(20~40 cm)的0.23、4.09、7.50 g kg-1,两土层间有机碳组分含量具有显著性差异,但有机碳组分比例没有显著性差异。剖面(0~100 cm)有机碳组分含量随着深度增加而减小,活性碳和慢性碳比例随着深度增加而降低,惰性碳比例则随着深度增加显著升高。容重、全氮和全磷对有机碳各组分含量,质地对活性碳组分含量、比例及平均驻留时间,p H对慢性碳和惰性碳组分比例均具有显著影响;活性碳和惰性碳组分含量与土壤全氮、碳氮比、p H以及土壤细粉粒(0.02~0.002 mm)含量间存在显著线性关系,可用来预测水稻土有机碳各组分含量,研究结果对其他地区土壤有机碳各组分研究及预测具有积极启示作用。  相似文献   

9.
通过土壤样品室内培养法测定菜园、桃园、水田及旱地土壤有机碳矿化动态和3种土壤有机碳组分,并根据三库一级动力学模型,拟合4种土地利用方式土壤有机碳库各库大小及周转速率,探讨不同土地利用下土壤有机碳矿化特征及其与有机碳组分的关系。结果表明,各土地利用方式土壤有机碳日矿化速率差异主要在培养前期,表现为菜园桃园水田旱地,后期差异减小且保持平稳。旱地土壤有机碳累积矿化量最小,菜园、桃园、水田分别为其2.61,2.50,1.63倍。由三库一级动力学方程拟合参数发现,活性碳库(C_a)所占总有机碳(TOC)比例最小,且与易氧化碳(ROC)、颗粒态碳(POC)、轻组有机碳(LFOC)含量均呈极显著正相关;除桃园外,缓效性碳含量(Cs)均低于惰性碳含量(Cr),且ROC、POC、LFOC亦与Cs具有显著相关性。活性碳库周转速率(Ka)和缓效性碳库周转速率(Ks)仅与LFOC占总有机碳的比例具有显著相关性,故可用LFOC/TOC来指示土壤活性有机碳库及缓效性碳库的动态变化。  相似文献   

10.
红壤典型区不同类型土壤有机碳组分构成及空间分异研究   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
以江西省东乡县为研究区,基于土壤有机碳三库(活性、缓性和惰性碳库)一级动力学理论,通过22个土壤样品的实验室呼吸培养实验,计算了各土壤亚类的碳组分含量及占总有机碳的比例,并借助全县229个采样点获得了东乡县的活性、缓性和惰性有机碳的空间分布图。分析结果表明,淹育、潴育、潜育型水稻土和红壤的活性碳含量分别为0.54、0.72、0.72和0.33 g/kg,分别占其总有机碳含量的2.78%、2.83%、2.91%和2.57%;缓性碳含量分别为7.57、9.79、12.34和4.72 g/kg,分别占总有机碳含量的41.09%、45.25%、46.24%和37.12%;惰性碳含量分别为10.36、11.22、13.49和7.67 g/kg,分别占总有机碳含量的60.31%、56.13%、51.92%和50.67%。在空间分布上,活性、缓性和惰性碳含量均呈现由东南向西北减少趋势。分析表明水稻土各亚类活性和缓性碳含量高于红壤,说明水稻土不仅是该地区固碳的主要类型,也是较大的潜在碳排放源。红壤的惰性碳尽管比例最高,但总有机碳含量较低,其土壤固碳能力有待进一步提高。  相似文献   

11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
【目的】以富士(Fuji)、 秦冠(Qinguan)嫁接在平邑甜茶(Malus hupehensis Rehd.)上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水(ZZ)、 低氮正常水(DZ)、 正常氮干旱(ZG)、 低氮干旱(DG)。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮(6 mmol/L NO-3-N)、 低氮(0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N)、 正常供水(保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%)、 干旱处理(保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%)。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量(茎和叶)、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水(ZZ)>低氮正常水(DZ)>正常氮干旱(ZG)>低氮干旱(DG),并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水(ZZ)>低氮正常水(DZ)>正常氮干旱(ZG)>低氮干旱(DG); 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶>根>茎,磷元素则是根>叶>茎;光合氮素利用效率(PNUE)和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水(DZ)处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱(DG)处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。  相似文献   

12.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.  相似文献   

13.
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,  相似文献   

14.
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions.  相似文献   

15.
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species.  相似文献   

17.
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass, soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration, N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially (<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils, indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea.  相似文献   

18.
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.  相似文献   

19.
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.  相似文献   

20.
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,  相似文献   

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