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利用计算机视觉技术对2B-JP-FL01新型排种器进行结构参数优化的试验研究,以明确结构参数对其性能的影响规律,为产品定型确定依据。试验采用多因素多水平设计,由专业软件对试验数据进行处理,得出了合格指数、漏播指数及株距变异系数等排种器主要性能指标与试验因素之间的回归模型,并通过模型、图、表综合分析了试验因素对性能指标的影响规律,为实践中根据不同配套机组作业速度要求选配适宜结构尺寸的排种器提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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包衣稻种物理特性的试验研究 总被引:7,自引:6,他引:7
包衣稻种的物理特性是基于包衣稻种的播种机参数设计和性能分析的基础数据。选择了西南地区广泛种植的3个杂交水稻品种(Ⅱ优838、Ⅱ优多系57和岗优22),对其包衣稻种的容积密度、粒子密度、恢复系数和漂浮系数等物理特性进行了试验研究。按照正交试验设计原理安排试验方案,并对结果进行了方差分析,找到了影响这些特性的主要因素及因素影响的显著性度。试验结果和分析表明:稻种状态(包衣与否)对容积密度影响显著,对漂浮系数影响比较显著,对籽粒密度和恢复系数影响较小;含水率对包衣稻种的容积密度、业粒密度和漂浮系数影响显著;品种对包衣稻种的物理特性影响较小。试验研究得到了包衣稻种在不同影响因素和各因素不同水平条件下物理特性的具体数值。 相似文献
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为优化利用振动磨对植物性物料进行超微粉碎的工艺参数,在理论分析振动磨超微粉碎参数对粉碎效果影响的基础上,试验研究了振动磨激振力对超微粉碎的影响.以磨介质充填率、进料粒径、粉碎时间、球料比为试验因素,以粉碎后物料的颗粒粒径及其分布作为评价指标,对黑木耳超微粉碎进行了二次回归正交旋转组合试验,建立了粉碎指标与试验因素间关系的回归方程,并分析了试验因素对超微粉碎指标的影响程度和影响趋势.通过优化计算和综合分析,确定了振动磨超微粉碎黑木耳的优化工艺参数为进料粒径为120目、粉碎时间1.75 h、磨介质充填率53%、球料比4.5.在此优化工艺参数组合下,得到的黑木耳超微粉平均粒径D50为4.6μm.研究结果为利用振动磨进行黑木耳超微粉碎加工工艺参数的确定提供了依据. 相似文献
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基于ADAMS的拨指链式扶蔗装置的虚拟试验 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
针对整秆式甘蔗收割机收割倒伏严重的甘蔗时出现堵塞,收割不畅的情况,设计了拨指链式扶蔗装置,以便对甘蔗进行有效的扶起,达到顺利收割的目的。应用动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立了甘蔗—拨指链式扶蔗装置虚拟样机模型。通过虚拟正交试验和虚拟双因素试验研究了扶蔗器的结构参数和运动参数对扶蔗效果的影响规律,并在此基础上进行了实验室台架试验以验证虚拟试验的结论。结果表明:在虚拟试验中,甘蔗最终扶起倒伏角随着下链轮转速的增加而增加,随着前进速度的增加而减小,呈线性关系。在台架试验中下链轮转速和机车前进速度对甘蔗最终扶起角度的影响数值结果略有差异,但各因素对扶蔗效果的影响趋势是一致的,证明虚拟试验的结论在给定条件下是可用的。 相似文献
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针对叶脉状内通道深松铲内部结构的液体流速变化会影响深松铲的自润减阻与改良液层施的效果的问题,该研究采用基于计算流体动力学的仿真分析并结合物理试验,研究了结构参数(内通道孔径、孔间距、孔数)和工作参数(主通道入口流速)对分支出口液体出流速度的影响。首先利用仿真方法开展单因素试验,优选出试验因素的水平范围值,其次开展Box-Behnken试验,以各分支出口液体出流速度最大值为目标值,对叶脉状内通道多分支出口管的结构参数和工作参数进行优化取值,建立各影响因素与分支出口流速之间的二阶回归模型,并对模型进行优化求解,进而得到最优参数组合为:内通道分支出口孔径为6 mm、孔间距为110 mm、孔数为4、主通道入口流速为7 m/s。在此工况下,内通道分支出口平均流速为3.264 m/s。按最优参数组合条件对叶脉状内通道进行设计加工并进行相应的物理试验,试验结果为内通道分支出口平均流速2.971 m/s,与仿真结果的误差为8.97 %。由此,检验了叶脉状内通道结构优化设计的效果,同时为具有自润减阻与改良液层施的深松铲叶脉状内通道结构的优化设计提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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在对牛蒡微粉加工中影响因素进行单因素试验及分析的基础上,采用二次回归正交试验设计,研究了球磨机转速、研磨时间、粉碎介质填充率和物料填充率等因素对粉体粒度、单位粉体耗能等指标的影响,建立了各指标与试验因子间关系的回归数学模型。利用多目标非线性优化方法,确定了优化指标的工艺参数组合为:行星球磨机转速为272 r/min,研磨时间为85 min,介质填充率为12%,被粉碎物料填充率为13%,此时最低耗电量为0.002 kW·h/g。研究所确立的牛蒡微粉加工优化工艺参数对牛蒡微粉加工具有指导意义。 相似文献
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为解决大蒜机械化收获时损伤率与损失率较高的问题,结合大蒜物理特性和种植模式,该研究设计了一种双行手扶式大蒜联合收获机,主要由挖掘装置,矫正装置,夹持装置,切割装置,收集装置等组成,可一次完成大蒜的挖掘,姿态矫正,夹持输送,茎根切割,低损收集等作业工序。为提高大蒜收获作业质量,采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验方法,以前进速度、挖掘深度、链条距离为试验因素,以损伤率和损失率为评价指标,进行参数优化试验。建立各影响因素与指标之间的回归数学模型,分析各因素对响应值的交互影响,获得最优参数组合为:前进速度0.51 m/s、挖掘深度97.2 mm、链条距离7.6 mm,对应的损伤率、损失率分别为0.65%、1.28%,对优化结果进行验证试验,试验结果表明在最优参数组合下,损伤率为0.63%、损失率为1.25%,各评价指标与预测值均很接近。研究结果可为大蒜联合收获机进一步完善结构设计和工作参数优化提供参考。 相似文献
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小型甘蔗收获机切割器试验研究 总被引:2,自引:6,他引:2
小型甘蔗收割机切割器必须具有切割功耗(切割扭矩)和切割损失小的特点。通过正交试验,对影响这两个评价指标的切割参数进行单、多因素试验,得出切割参数的主次顺序,即刀盘转速、刀盘倾角、刀刃滑切角。进而采用正交多项式回归分析方法对试验数据进行处理,获得影响这两个评价指标的数学模型。利用该模型对切割参数进行优化,获得切割损失和切割功耗均较小的最佳切割参数组合:刀盘转速为685 r/min,刀盘倾角为9°,刀刃滑切角为26°,从而为小型甘蔗收割机切割器设计提供依据。 相似文献
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J. M. T. Carneiro L. A. Oliveira A. L. R. M. Rossete C. H. Abreu Jr. J. A. Bendassolli 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1374-1383
The 30Si silicon isotope stable was used for assessing the accumulation and translocation of Si in rice and bean plants grown in labeled nutritive solution. The isotopic silicon composition in plant materials was determined by mass spectrometry (IRMS) using the method based on SiF4 formation. Considering the total-Si added into nutritive solutions, the quantity absorbed by plants was near to 51% for rice and 15% for bean plants. The accumulated amounts of Si per plant were about 150g in rice and 8.6g in bean. Approximately 70% of the total-Si accumulated was found in leaves. At presented experimental conditions, the results confirmed that once Si is accumulated in the old parts of rice and bean plant tissues it is not redistributed to new parts, even when Si is not supplied to plants from nutritive solution. 相似文献
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向日葵幼苗对Pb、Cu富集能力与耐受性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用室内培养技术研究了向日葵幼苗对Cu、Pb的富集能力与耐受性。结果表明:向日葵幼苗对Pb、Cu具有很强的富集能力,根是主要的富集器官,Cu由根向茎叶运输能力大于Pb。低浓度Pb、Cu刺激了幼苗营养生长;在高浓度条件下,除Pb组外,其它处理均抑制向日葵幼苗的营养生长。Pb、Cu抑制了幼苗根系活力,刺激了幼苗茎叶脯氨酸的生成,改变幼苗茎叶、根蛋白质含量分配水平。Pb与Cu交互作用对幼苗营养生长和生理生化反应具有协同作用。向日葵属于重金属富集植物,对Pb具有很强的耐受性,可以用于修复被Pb污染的土壤。 相似文献
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C. J. Post S. D. DeGloria J. H. Cherney E. A. Mikhailova 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1779-1789
The relationship between plant canopy reflectance and plant nutritive value has not been extensively investigated. The goal of this study was to relate spectral canopy reflectance to plant nutritive value and species composition. Multiple grass/alfalfa fields were analyzed using a field spectrometer, and then species composition, forage nutritive quality, and plant biomass were determined. Derivative analyses of spectra as well as narrow-band vegetation indices were used to examine the relationship between canopy reflectance and plant biophysical properties. Derivative analysis found a high correlation between high-order derivatives at multiple wavelengths and some plant properties, which include species composition and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Wavelengths in the red region and between the red and near-infrared region of the spectrum showed the highest correlation in the derivative analysis. Analysis of whole canopy reflectance using spectroscopy may provide a quick, nondestructive method to determine plant characteristics. 相似文献
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Shabtay A Eitam H Tadmor Y Orlov A Meir A Weinberg P Weinberg ZG Chen Y Brosh A Izhaki I Kerem Z 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(21):10063-10070
Pomegranate peel is a nutritive-rich byproduct whose amounts are extensively growing due to the exponential increase in the production of pomegranate juice and "ready to eat" arils. Pomegranate peel is a rich source for antioxidants and thus may serve in the prevention of cattle diseases and in the improvement of beef products, making it an attractive component in beef cattle diets. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of commonly used storage practices on the nutritive and antioxidative properties of pomegranate peel. In general, storage conditions preserved most antioxidant capacity. Ensiling ambivalently affected the nutritive values of the peel and promoted increased levels of antioxidative components. In addition to polyphenols, nonphenolic components, such as alpha- and gamma-tocopherols, contributed to the total antioxidative capacity, and several minerals found in the peel added to its nutritional value. Dietary supplementation with fresh peels promoted significant increases in feed intake and alpha-tocopherol concentration in the plasma, with positive tendency toward increased weight gain of bull calves. All in all, the nutritive value and the antioxidant capacity of pomegranate peel turn it into a favorable health-promoting constituent of feedlot beef cattle diet. 相似文献
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Three cross-sections of soil aggregates (2–5 mm diameter) were digitized at 5 μm resolution from montages (× 100) of scanning electron micrographs to produce binary images representing the soil pores and soil matrix. A three-dimensional random Boolean process was chosen as a model of the soil pores and matrix. The soil matrix was simulated by randomly positioned, overlapping spheres with radii drawn from an exponential distribution. Simulation of a 1 mm cube of one soil aggregate showed that all but 0.1 % of the pore space was connected to the exterior, although only 50% appeared to be connected to the exterior in a cross-sectional image. Pore spaces able to accommodate different sizes of microorganisms were also investigated. For example, a protozoan with a cross-sectional diameter of 20 μm could be accommodated in 17% of the pores in a 1 mm3 soil cube, although only 11 % of the pores would be accessible to those protozoa on the exterior of the cube. 相似文献
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Miguel Urrestarazu Victor Gallegos Juan Eugenio Álvaro 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(13):1595-1602
Thermography is a tool used in many scientific disciplines, including agriculture. Determining the behavior of a nutritive solution in soilless culture containers using substrates is very important in order to establish the position of drippers, drainage holes, the use of humidification agents, and fertigation management in culture units. This paper describes the application of thermography to determine the humidification bulb in horticulture crops to rapidly diagnose the best way to advance fertigation in different horticultural substrates in soilless culture. Thermography was seen to be an excellent tool for evaluating the movement and distribution of the nutritive solution within the soilless culture container with different substrates. 相似文献
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A hydroponic culture was used to study different nitrogen and calcium supply patterns on biomass, nutritive, and safety quality of spinach seven days before harvesting. The results showed that the complete or partial withdrawal of nitrogen (N) and calcium (Ca) nutrient decreased spinach biomass compared to control (CK). At the same time, the withdrawal of N and Ca supply before harvesting increased vitamin C contents and decreased nitrate and oxalate content in edible parts of spinach. The decrease in spinach biomass could be partially compensated by the increase of the nutritive and safety quality of spinach and the reduced use of N and Ca nutrients. 相似文献
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The alterations are studied which are produced in the content of mineral elements and organic fractions of sap with the increase in the osmotic pressure of the nutritive solution at levels of 2.0; 3.5 and 5.0 atm., obtained through the addition to the nutritive solution either of magnesium sulphate or PEG‐4000. Through the effect of the osmotic pressure, the transformations are modified of the nitrogen and mineral phosphorus at organic fractions experience a series of modifications which produce different values in the Nm%TSN and Pm%TSP ratios with respect to control. Through action of the specific effect of magnesium sulphate, the reducing sugars concentrations in sap having an important increase. 相似文献