南方茶园土壤酸化特征及交换性酸在水稳性团聚体中的分布

通过采集浙江省杭州西湖龙井茶园土壤,研究茶园土壤剖面的酸度特征、养分变化以及交换性酸在水稳性团聚体中的分布特征,以了解南方茶园土壤的酸化过程。结果表明:茶园表层土壤(0-20cm)酸化严重,最低的pHH2O值达到4.0,并且有明显的深层化趋势;表土的有机质和速效磷含量较高,速效磷含量最高可达138.2mg/kg;表土团聚体分级表明茶园土壤有良好的团聚体结构,具有良好的水稳性;除了交换性H+在0.5～0.25mm和0.25～0.106mm水稳性团聚体之间没有明显差别外,交换性酸总量、交换性H+和交换性Al 3+含量均随着水稳性团聚体粒径的减小而降低;水稳性大团聚体中交换性Al 3+相对交换性H+占有明显的优势,而在0.106～0.05mm水稳性微团聚体中交换性H+占有明显的优势。交换性酸总量、交换性H+和交换性铝主要分布于>2mm和2～0.5mm水稳性团聚体中,同时在不同粒级团聚体中的分布随粒径的减小而降低。     

西藏酸性土壤的酸度特征

根据西藏7个土类6 6个土壤剖面2 5 7层土样的分析资料,探讨酸性土的酸度特征。西藏酸性土面积约占1/ 5 ,主要为山地湿润森林型和高山灌丛草甸型土壤,集中分布于藏东南地区。土壤pH主要决定于其潜性酸中的交换性酸,特别是其中占优势的交换性Al3 ,而受非交换性酸的影响较小。交换性酸中Al3 的相对比例随交换性酸总量增加而增大,随有机质增加而减小,H 的相对比例则呈相反的变化。非交换性酸主要来源于有机质(腐殖质酸性功能团缔合H和络合Al的解离)。土壤pH与交换性酸、非交换性酸饱和度分别呈近线性、非线性负相关,而与盐基饱和度呈非线性正相关,且主要受优势的交换性Ca2 制约。     

云南曲靖植烟土壤交换性钙、镁与关联土壤属性的特征研究

利用GPS定位采集云南曲靖核心烟田耕层土壤样品651个,测定土样交换性钙、镁及pH、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量,研究交换性钙、镁分布特征及其与土壤其他属性的关系。结果表明:①交换性钙、镁含量均值分别为3 054.3、258.12 mg/kg,变异幅度较大,且两者含量属适宜的占比较低,仅为6.3%和29.8%,总体含量丰富。不同烟区间交换性钙、镁含量差异较大;②交换性钙、镁含量与pH及有机质、全氮、全磷含量呈极显著正相关,交换性钙含量与全钾含量相关性不显著,交换性镁含量与全钾含量呈极显著正相关。采用曲线估计分析每两个属性之间的回归关系,共建立9个拟合曲线函数方程,决定系数为0.118～0.285,拟合误差均在3%以内,拟合优度较好,调节土壤pH、有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾含量对钙镁养分的平衡有重要影响。     

日光温室栽培对土壤养分累积及交换性养分含量和比例的影响

研究了日光温室栽培下陕西关中地区不同土壤养分累积及交换性养分含量及比例的变化,结果表明：日光温室栽培下土壤有机质、硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾等养分显著累积,土壤阳离子交换量明显增加,而土壤pH却出现下降趋势。日光温室土壤交换性K^＋含量显著增加;日光温室和大田土壤交换性Ca^2＋含量相比无明显差异,而日光温室土壤交换性Mg^2＋的含量及其离子饱和度有所提高。日光温室土壤钙饱和度、Ca/K和M g/K均明显低于大田土壤。认为日光温室栽培下大量施用钾肥,是土壤钙离子饱和度及Ca/K和M g/K比例降低的主要原因,建议在评价日光温室土壤养分有效性时,应综合考虑交换性养分的含量、饱和度及离子间的比例关系。     

武陵山地植烟土壤酸度特征及影响因素——以湖南省湘西自治州为例

为了解多年种植烤烟的山地土壤酸度特征,研究了湘西自治州的土壤酸度指标特征及其关系以及植烟年限和土壤类型、有机质、黏粒对土壤酸度的影响。结果表明:(1)植烟年限对土壤酸度的影响大于土壤类型;随植烟年限增加,土壤pH下降,潜性酸度增加,黄棕壤土的交换性盐基、阳离子交换量和盐基饱和度下降。(2)土壤pH与交换性酸为幂函数关系,交换性铝是土壤交换性酸的主体,土壤交换性酸强度随交换性铝及其相对比例的增加而增加。(3)土壤pH与交换性盐基、阳离子交换量、盐基饱和度为二次曲线关系,当pH6时,随土壤pH增加,交换性盐基和阳离子交换量下降,盐基饱和度增加;当pH6时,随土壤pH增加,交换性盐基和阳离子交换量增加,盐基饱和度变幅小。(4)土壤交换性盐基离子主要是交换性钙,其次是交换性镁;对土壤pH影响较大的盐基离子是交换性钙。(5)有机质和黏粒主要影响土壤pH、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基和交换性钙。     

保护地土壤酸度特征及酸化机制研究

在辽宁省沈阳市于洪地区采集保护地及其相邻露地旱田土壤样品,测定土壤交换性酸、交换性盐基离子组成和土壤pH,研究保护地土壤酸化特征以及土壤pH与潜性酸、交换性盐基的关系。结果表明:（1）建成保护地栽培蔬菜后,保护地土壤酸化趋势明显,土壤交换性酸(交换性H⁺和Al³⁺)呈上升的趋势,土壤pH随着交换性酸的增多而降低;Al³⁺在交换性酸中所占比例随交换性酸总量增加而增大,随有机质含量增加而减小;H+在交换性酸中所占比例则呈相反的变化趋势。（2）保护地各土层土壤交换性盐基总量较露地相应层次土壤均有所增加,其中交换性Mg²⁺、K⁺、Na⁺含量均高于露地,而交换性Ca²⁺含量变化不明显;保护地各土层土壤交换性Mg²⁺、K⁺、Na⁺饱和度较露地相应层次土壤均有所增加,但盐基饱和度、交换性Ca²⁺饱和度下降明显。（3）土壤pH与交换性酸、非交换性酸含量呈极显著负相关,而与盐基饱和度呈极显著正相关,且主要受占优势的交换性Ca²⁺制约。     

秸秆直接还田及炭化还田对土壤酸度和交换性能的影响

【目的】 本研究旨在通过连续4年田间微区定位试验,比较等氮磷钾养分条件下秸秆炭化还田与等量秸秆直接还田对土壤酸度及交换性能的影响,以期为土壤酸化改良及秸秆、生物炭资源合理利用提供理论依据。 【方法】 试验以沈阳农业大学植物营养与肥料研究所玉米渗滤池微区定位试验为基础,共设6个处理,分别为不施肥 (CK)、氮磷钾配施 (NPK)、单施生物炭 (C)、生物炭+NPK(CNPK)、单施秸秆 (S)、秸秆+NPK(SNPK)。其中NPK、CNPK和SNPK处理养分投入总量相等,均为N 225 kg/hm2、P₂O₅ 112.5 kg/hm2和K₂O 112.5 kg/hm2,S处理秸秆施用量为4500 kg/hm2,单施生物炭处理生物炭施用量为1500 kg/hm2。应用化学分析法对土壤活性酸、交换性酸、阳离子交换量及交换性盐基离子进行分析和测定。 【结果】 经过连续4年的不同施肥处理,施用生物炭及秸秆均显著提高了土壤pH,降低了土壤交换性酸总量和交换性铝含量,但各处理间交换性H+含量差异不显著。相较于试验前土壤 (pH 6.05),单施生物炭和单施秸秆处理分别使土壤pH提高了0.55和0.45个单位。在等氮磷钾养分条件下,CNPK和SNPK处理较试验前分别使土壤pH提高了0.31和0.13个单位,且CNPK处理显著高于SNPK,但二者之间对土壤交换性酸含量的影响无显著差异。同时各处理交换性盐基离子总量均显著高于CK,单独施用生物炭对提高土壤盐基总量、交换性Ca2+和交换性Mg2+的效果显著优于单独施用秸秆。在等秸秆量与等氮磷钾养分条件下,秸秆炭化还田及秸秆直接还田较不施肥对照分别使交换性盐基总量提高了17.6%和15.1%,且秸秆炭化还田对提高土壤有效阳离子交换量的效果显著优于秸秆直接还田。与CK处理相比,C、CNPK、S和SNPK处理分别使土壤阳离子交换量提高了1.68、2.52、1.53、2.30 cmol/kg,其中以CNPK处理效果最佳。 【结论】 在等秸秆量和等氮磷钾养分条件下,施用生物炭和秸秆能有效降低土壤酸度和交换性酸中交换性铝含量,提高土壤盐基离子含量及交换性能,且秸秆炭化还田的效果更为明显。      

焉耆盆地白刺灌丛沙堆土壤理化性质

对焉耆盆地白刺灌丛沙堆不同演化阶段和沙堆间低地土壤理化性质进行分析。结果显示:（1）白刺灌丛沙堆不同演化阶段土壤粉砂、黏粒、有机质和养分含量均高于沙堆间低地,而土壤砂粒含量和pH值低于沙堆间低地;从白刺灌丛沙堆发育到稳定阶段,土壤砂粒含量和pH值逐渐降到最小值,而粉砂、黏粒、有机质和养分含量达到最高值,从白刺灌丛沙堆稳定到活化阶段,土壤砂粒含量和pH值急剧增加,而粉砂、黏粒、有机质和养分含量大幅度下降;（2）从整个剖面来看,由于白刺灌丛沙堆侵蚀和堆积的差异,随着深度的增加砂粒含量先减后增,而pH值、粉砂、黏粒、有机质和养分含量先增后减;0—15 cm土层砂粒含量最高,而15—45 cm土层最低;0—15 cm土层pH值、粉砂、黏粒、有机质和养分含量最低,而15—45 cm土层最高;（3）白刺灌丛沙堆发育和活化阶段强烈的吹蚀不利于有机质的积累,白刺灌丛沙堆稳定后为降尘截存、凋落物积累和微生物的繁殖提供有力的保障,表层黏粒得以截存和地衣状薄层结皮形成,增加土壤的有机质和养分含量。     

休耕轮作对黑土酸化的影响

通过长期定位试验,在吉林省德惠市采集休耕轮作的土壤样品,研究休耕轮作对土壤pH值及土壤交换性H+、Al3+的影响;休耕轮作对土壤阳离子交换性能的影响;休耕轮作的土壤pH值与各相关理化性状的相关性;休耕轮作对土壤缓冲性能的影响以及对酸化速率的影响.结果表明:(1)土壤经过休耕轮作后,土壤酸化得到缓解,土壤交换性酸(交换性H+和交换性Al3+)呈下降的趋势,土壤pH随着交换性酸的降低而升高;交换性H+和交换性Al3+含量随土壤有机质含量的增加而减小.(2)休耕轮作措施能够增加土壤中阳离子交换量及盐基饱和度;(3)土壤pH与各盐基阳离子的相关性大小依次为Ca2+＞ Na+＞ K+＞Mg2+,并且交换性Ca2+含量最多,占盐基总量的89％～95％,对盐基饱和度贡献最大;(4)休耕轮作措施能够增加土壤的酸碱缓冲容量,休耕轮作后的土壤最高酸碱缓冲容量是长期连作土壤酸碱缓冲容量的2倍以上,从而增强了土壤对酸碱的缓冲性能,并且降低了土壤的酸化速率.     

抚仙湖流域典型农田土壤质量状况及烟草种植障碍因素

以云南抚仙湖北岸澄江市约1 130 hm²农田土壤为研究对象,通过调查分析土壤物理、化学性质,评价了研究区土壤质量状况,并进一步利用空间分析、相关分析与主成分分析对研究区烟草种植的主要土壤障碍因子进行了分析。结果表明:研究区土壤整体偏黏(平均黏粒含量496.7 g/kg)、偏碱(pH均值7.45)、有机质含量较高(均值28.55 g/kg)、大中微量营养元素有效态含量也整体偏高(水解性氮均值119.10 mg/kg、有效磷均值68.85 mg/kg、速效钾均值208.44 mg/kg、有效锰均值28.14 mg/kg),但各土壤性质在空间上变异较大。土壤基础地力、人为施肥管理、质地、酸碱性、有效锰是影响该地区土壤肥力的主要障碍因素,这些因素可通过有机质、速效钾、黏粒、pH、有效锰等指标进行评价,并指导烟草种植的土壤管理。烟草种植过程中应根据土壤性质、烟草养分需求,结合土壤养分空间变异采取相应的土壤改良措施。     

集约经营下南方竹园土壤酸化特征与缓冲容量研究

高强度集约经营下竹园土壤质量退化是制约竹笋持续丰产高效的主要障碍因素。通过研究集约经营雷竹林典型土壤剖面的酸度特征、养分变化以及土壤酸碱缓冲容量,以期探明集约经营下雷竹林衰退的可能因素。结果表明,雷竹种植后,表层土壤呈现明显的酸化现象,表土的最低pHH2O值达到了3.75;表土的有机质和速效磷含量明显提高,表土(0~20 cm)速效磷含量最高可达350 mg kg-1;竹林土壤铝的形态分析表明,有机配合态铝在表土中的含量较高,并随剖面深度的降低而降低;土壤交换态铝含量与pHH2O和pHKCl呈极显著负相关,有机配合态铝含量与有机质和速效磷含量呈极显著正相关;竹园土壤的酸碱缓冲容量在8.58~14.31 mmol kg-1之间,有机质含量是影响竹园土壤缓冲容量的主要因素。     

可变电荷土壤对酸雨敏感度的影响因子

The sensitivity of a large number of variable charge soils to acid rain was evaluated through examining pH-H₂SO₄ input curves. Two derivative parameters, the consumption of hydrogen ions by the soil and the acidtolerant limit as defined as the quantity of sulfuric acid required to bring the soil to pH 3.5 in a 0.001mol L^-1 Ca(NO₃)₂ solution, were used. The sensitivity of variable charge soils was higher than that of constant charge soils, due to the predominance of kaolinite in clay mineralogical composition. Among these soils the sensitivity was generally of the order lateritic red soil > red soil > latosol. For a given type of soil within the same region the sensitivity was affected by parent material, due to differences in clay minerals and texture. The sensitivity of surface soil may be lower or higher than that of subsoil, depending on whether organic matter or texture plays the dominant role in determining the buffering capacity. Paddy soils consumed more acid within lower range of acid input when compared with upland soils, due to the presence of more exchangeable bases, but consumed less acid within higher acid input range, caused by the decrease in clay content.     

湘西典型植烟土壤酸碱缓冲特性及影响因素

为探明山地植烟土壤酸碱缓冲特性,采集了湘西山区烤烟典型生产区的28个土壤样本,采用酸碱滴定法和灰色关联法分析了湘西山地植烟土壤酸碱缓冲特性以及土壤缓冲容量与各影响因素之间的量化关系。结果表明：湘西山地植烟土壤酸碱缓冲量为11.35~43.29 mmol·kg^-1,平均为17.26 mmol·kg^-1,黄棕壤的酸碱缓冲量（11.35~43.29 mmol·kg^-1）显著高于黄壤（11.79~20.70 mmol·kg^-1）。有78.57%的样本对酸碱敏感,黄壤土是否对酸敏感由有机质含量决定,黄棕壤土是否对酸敏感与pH和有机质含量密切相关。对于同一土壤类型,有机质和黏粒含量与酸碱缓冲容量显著正相关;对于黄棕壤,酸碱缓冲容量还与pH和阳离子交换量呈显著正相关,与交换性酸和交换性铝呈显著负相关。主要土壤类型之间缓冲性能存在较大差异,黄壤土酸碱缓冲性能主要受土壤有机质、阳离子交换量和黏粒含量的影响;黄棕壤土酸碱缓冲性能主要受pH、阳离子交换量和有机质的影响。在生产中应采用合理施用化肥、增施有机肥、调节土壤酸性等措施提高植烟土壤酸碱缓冲性能,为优质烟叶生产创造良好的生态环境。     

模拟酸雨对红壤中铝和水溶性有机质溶出及重金属活动性的影响

在模拟酸雨作用下 ,研究了重金属污染和未污染的酸性红壤和黄红壤中铝和水溶性有机质的溶出以及对重金属活动性的影响。结果表明 ,随模拟酸雨pH值下降 ,土壤pH值和盐基饱和度明显降低 ,而交换性酸度明显增加 ,污染土壤中交换性氢含量比未污染土壤高 ,而交换性铝含量比未污染土壤低。铝溶出量与模拟酸雨pH值密切相关 ,当模拟酸雨pH值在 5 .60～ 3.5 0时 ,供试红壤浸出液中铝浓度几乎在同一水平 ;当pH≥ 4 .5 0时 ,供试黄红壤中溶出铝亦未明显变化 ;当模拟酸雨pH =3.5 0时 ,未污染黄红壤中铝溶出明显增多 ;当pH =3.0 0时 ,供试土壤中铝溶出量急剧增加。随模拟酸雨pH值下降 ,污染土壤中铝溶出比未污染土壤低 ,而有效态重金属活动性明显增加 ;污染土壤中水溶性有机质比未污染土壤溶出明显增加 ,水溶性有机质 -重金属络合体促进了重金属的溶解迁移行为。     

Physicochemical properties of the soils associated with shifting cultivation in Northern Thailand with special reference to factors determining soil fertility

Abstract

Recently agricultural activity in the mountainous area of northern Thailand has increased and problems relating to soil fertility have arisen. In order to gain basic information about the soil properties associated with shifting cultivation, physicochemical properties of the surface soils (0–10 cm) and subsoils (30–40 cm) were investigated in selected villages in the area. The physicochemical properties of the soils studied are summarized as follows: 1) The soils were rich in organic matter, content of which ranged from 11.4 to 63.3 g C kg^?1 in the surface soil. 2) The pH(H₂O) of the soils mostly ranged from 5 to 7 and soil acidity was more pronounced in the deeper horizons. In the surface soils, exchangeable Ca and Mg were generally dominant, whereas exchangeable Al was often predominant in the subsoils. 3) Most of the soils showed a medium to fine texture with more than 30% clay. The clay mineral composition was characterized by various degrees of mixture of kaolin minerals and clay mica with, in some cases, a certain amount of 2:1-2:1:1 intergrades. 4) According to the ion adsorption curves, most of the B horizon soils were characterized by the predominance of permanent negative charges. On the other hand, organic matter contributed to the increase of variable negative charges in the surface soils. The content of organic matter and the percentage of the clay fraction were essential for determining the CEC of the soils of the surface 10 and 30–40 cm depths, respectively. Under the field conditions, the composition of exchangeable cations largely reflected the soil acidity. In addition, the content of organic matter also showed a significant correlation with that of available N in the surface soils. Thus, soil acidity both in the surface soils and subsoils, organic matter content in the surface soils, and clay content in the subsoils were considered to be the main factors that affected soil chemical fertility in the area.     

Changes in aluminum pools of andisols due to soil acidification

Abstract

Aluminum concentrations in soil solutions are not only controlled by inorganic clay minerals but also by organically bound aluminum. The objective of this study was to determine which pools contribute to Al dissolution. Soil samples were taken at various distances from tree trunks and at various depths at the Rolling Land Laboratory (RLL), Hachioji, Tokyo. Selective dissolution techniques were used to analyze the changes in pools of solid-phase aluminum. Soil pH values around Hinoki cypresses were in the aluminum buffer range. Exchangeable aluminum contents in soils under Hinoki cypresses were 104 mmol_c kg-^?1 on the average. This value was similar to that of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of Andisols at RLL at a soil pH of 4. The relationship between the soil pH and exchangeable, organically bound, and amorphous aluminum pools showed that dissolved aluminum ions in the soil solution were primarily derived from the amorphous Al pool. Dissolved aluminum ions were substituted with base cations of soils, resulting in the increase of the content of exchangeable Al and/or the formation of complexes with organic matter which increased the proportion of organically bound Al pools. Increase in the proportion of organically bound Al pools indicated the importance of complexation with soil organic matter for controlling the aluminum concentration in the soil solution.     

Acid-base buffering of soils in transitional and transitional-accumulative positions of undisturbed southern-taiga landscapes

The method of continuous potentiometric titration (CPT) of soil water suspensions was used to evaluate the acid-base buffering of samples from the major genetic horizons of podzolic soils on a slope and soddy gley soils on the adjacent floodplain of a rivulet. In the soils of the slope, the buffering to acid upon titration from the pH of the initial titration point (ITP) to pH 3 in all the horizons was 1.5?C2.0 times lower than that in the podzolic soils of the leveled interfluve, which could be due to the active leaching of exchangeable bases and oxalate-soluble aluminum and iron compounds with the later soil flows. In the soddy gley soils, the buffering to acid in the mineral horizons was 2?C10 times higher than that in the podzolic soils. A direct dependence of the soil buffering to acid on the total content of exchangeable bases and on the content of oxalate-soluble aluminum compounds was found. A direct dependence of the buffering to basic upon titration from the ITP to pH 10 on the contents of the oxalate-soluble aluminum and organic matter was observed in the mineral horizons of all the studied soils. The soil treatment with Tamm??s reagent resulted in the decrease of the buffering to acid in the soddy gley soils of the floodplain, as well as in the decrease of the buffering to basic in the soils on the slopes and in the soddy gley soils. It was also found that the redistribution of the mobile aluminum compounds between the eluvial, transitional, and transitional-accumulative positions in the undisturbed southern taiga landscapes leads to significant spatial differentiation of the acid-base buffering of the mineral soil horizons with a considerable increase in the buffer capacity of the soils within the transitional-accumulative terrain positions.     

有机肥替代化学氮肥提升红壤抗酸化能力

  【目的】  长期过量施用化学氮肥加剧了红壤区农田土壤酸化,严重制约着该区域农业的可持续发展。施用石灰和有机肥是防治红壤酸化的主要措施,我们研究了有机无机肥配合提高红壤抗酸化能力的作用与机理。  【方法】  本研究基于2009年在湖南祁阳中国农业科学院红壤站开展的有机肥替代化学氮肥长期定位试验,其中4个处理分别为单施化肥(由于酸化严重,于2018年底添加石灰改良)、有机肥替代化肥氮20%、40%和60%,供试有机肥为猪粪。采集2018和2020年的土壤样品,分析各施肥处理红壤pH、交换性酸铝、阳离子交换量、有机质、酸缓冲能力等指标的变化及相互关系。  【结果】  至2018年,单施化肥处理较试验之初土壤pH降低了0.48个单位,交换性酸、铝分别增加了2.74和1.06 cmol/kg;添加石灰改良后,土壤pH升高了0.58个单位,交换性酸、铝分别降低了2.62和1.45 cmol/kg。有机肥替代化肥氮40%和60%处理均可有效防治红壤酸化,其中以替代60%处理效果最佳;至2020年60%有机替代处理土壤pH较初始值提高了0.78个单位,交换性酸和交换性铝分别降低了1.10和1.25 cmol/kg。有机肥替代化肥氮40%和60%处理较单施化肥处理显著提高了土壤阳离子交换量,而石灰改良前后土壤阳离子交换量无显著变化。土壤酸缓冲曲线表明,土壤交换性铝含量随着pH的降低而显著升高,单施化肥、有机肥替代化肥氮20%、40%和60%处理的斜率分别为2.71、2.42、1.93和0.16;土壤交换性铝对pH响应斜率与土壤pH、交换性镁、阳离子交换量、交换性钾、有机质含量呈极显著或显著负相关关系。  【结论】  有机肥替代40%以上化学氮肥既能防治红壤酸化,又能提升红壤抗酸化能力。土壤阳离子交换量和有机质可能是导致土壤交换性铝对pH响应差异的主要因素,即阳离子交换量和有机质含量高的土壤pH降低1个单位时,交换性铝增幅较小,但其作用机理还有待进一步研究。     

Clay Addition to Sandy Soil——Influence of Clay Type and Size on Nutrient Availability in Sandy Soils Amended with Residues Differing in C/N ratio

Addition of clay-rich subsoil to sandy soil results in heterogeneous soil with clay peds(2-mm) or finely ground( 2 mm) clay soil(FG), which may affect the nutrient availability. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of clay soil particle size(FG or peds)and properties on nutrient availability and organic C binding in sandy soil after addition of residues with low(young kikuyu grass,KG) or high(faba bean, FB) C/N ratio. Two clay soils with high and low smectite percentage, clay and exchangeable Fe and Al were added to a sandy soil at a rate of 20%(weight/weight) either as FG or peds. Over 45 d, available N and P as well as microbial biomass N and P concentrations and cumulative respiration were greater in soils with residues of KG than FB. For soils with KG residues,clay addition increased available N and initial microbial biomass C and N concentrations, but decreased cumulative respiration and P availability compared to sandy soil without clay. Differences in measured parameters between clay type and size were inconsistent and varied with time except the increase in total organic C in the 53 μm fraction during the experiment, which was greater for soils with FG than with peds. We concluded that the high exchangeable Fe and Al concentrations in the low-smectite clay soil can compensate a lower clay concentration and proportion of smectite with respect to binding of organic matter and nutrients.