近三十年农田土壤磷分子形态的研究进展

农田土壤磷的赋存形态决定迁移、转化及归趋过程,单单通过全磷或有效磷含量并不能全面、准确、长效地评估土壤磷的养分供应能力和生态环境风险,探索可持续的农田磷素管理措施迫切需要能够科学表征、准确认识土壤磷形态。随着分析测试技术发展,农田土壤磷形态领域经历了以传统连续提取法为主的分级组分研究,到目前基于先进光谱技术的分子形态研究的发展历程。液相磷-31核磁共振技术(P-NMR)、基于同步辐射的X射线吸收近边结构谱技术(P-XANES)是当今土壤磷分子形态表征的主流技术,分别促进土壤多种有机磷和无机磷(铁磷/钙磷/铝磷)分子形态的有效识别。借助Histcite软件进行引文网络分析,梳理了近三十年(1990—2019年)土壤磷分子形态研究发展历程中具有重大借鉴意义的关键性成果,基于此综述了该领域的发展脉络,归纳发现农田土壤磷分子形态研究最初主要借助P-NMR技术侧重有机磷分子形态表征,而后过渡至与同步辐射XANES以及X射线微探针技术相结合,实现了土壤磷分子形态的全面认识。最后,对多谱学技术联用推动土壤磷分子形态研究的发展趋势进行了展望。     

X射线吸收精细结构光谱在土壤中的应用

由于X射线吸收精细结构(X-ray absorption fine structure,XAFS)可以原位探测吸收原子的2~3个邻近配位壳层,获得目标元素的电子结构信息和化学结构信息,所以XAFS已成为微观领域最重要的结构分析工具,丰富了我们对元素的重要化学性质和反应过程的认识。本文简述了XAFS的基本原理,探讨了样品制备、测试及数据分析等过程需关注的问题,重点综述了应用XAFS研究土壤重金属和营养元素的形态、土壤固-液界面的反应过程和机理,并指出其应用的局限性和未来发展的前景,旨在推动我国XAFS在土壤科学中的应用。由于土壤中界面反应的复杂性,XAFS应结合其他结构分析技术,结构分析技术应结合宏观数据和计算机模拟,土壤学应与其他学科交叉、融合,只有这样,才有可能在时间和空间尺度上阐明土壤组分在环境界面上的复杂反应过程和机理。     

XRF光谱法研究城市工业区的土壤环境污染

利用X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)对某城市工业区周围的土壤环境进行了研究.根据对土壤中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr、Ni、Mn、S、N、P 9种元素含量,土壤的pH值以及TOC的测定和利用内梅罗综合污染评价指数法对重金属污染评价的结果,表明工业区电池厂的生产活动是土壤环境污染的主要因素,建立了重金属Pb与土壤性质间的回归预测模型,提出了造成土壤环境污染的原因.且XRE法是对土壤重金属检测和污染评价的快速有效的方法.     

X射线荧光光谱法在测定土壤及植物矿质养分方面的应用

X射线荧光(XRF)光谱分析法有快速、无污染、分析成本低且可多元素同时分析和原位检测等优点,已经成为土壤、植物矿质养分测定的重要手段。文章介绍了应用X射线荧光光谱仪测定土壤植物矿质养分的基本原理与工作原理,重点综述了X射线荧光光谱仪在土壤及植物体矿质元素测定方面的研究进展及影响因素,并对X射线荧光分析方法在农业方面的应用前景进行了展望。X射线荧光光谱仪测定的元素范围是元素周期表中从钠到铀。该仪器广泛应用于艺术品鉴定、考古学、食品安全、能源、矿产勘探、电子材料和土壤重金属的研究。使用XRF仪器定量测定土壤、植物矿质元素时,其测定结果受到仪器本身、样品含水量、样品颗粒大小以及土壤有机质含量等因素的影响。有研究证明,通过使用大量的校准样本集对光谱仪进行校准,XRF可用作土壤中元素总浓度的快速测定,还可以实现便携式X射线荧光(p XRF)光谱仪在实验室、田间原位条件下,对植物体矿质元素进行定量分析。     

农田中的(微)塑料污染:来源、迁移、环境生态效应及防治措施

近年来,继海洋中的微塑料污染受到广泛关注后,土壤微塑料的环境风险逐渐受到重视,有关微塑料对土壤生态环境影响的研究取得了积极进展。本文总结了迄今为止的有关农田土壤中(微)塑料的研究成果和进展,阐明了当前国内外农田微塑料污染现状;详细论述了农田土壤中(微)塑料的来源以及不同源对农田微塑料污染的潜在贡献;对农田微塑料污染现有的研究方法尤其是采样方案和微塑料的提取技术做了较为详尽的分析和论证;探讨了微塑料在土壤中的迁移、老化、与其他污染物的相互作用等环境行为和归趋,以及由此带来的环境效应和生态风险,并重点关注了微塑料污染对于农田土壤质量和食品安全带来的挑战;最后列举了部分现有的微塑料污染防治策略及其对农田中微塑料污染防治的意义,并对未来土壤中微塑料的研究方向进行展望。文章认为,农田土壤的塑料与微塑料来自多种源头,其中塑料固体废物尤其是农业地膜是农田中微塑料的主要来源之一。微塑料进入土壤后,在外界物理、化学与生物等因素扰动或作用下,会发生不同尺度的迁移转化甚至生物反应,造成广泛的环境生态影响,主要有对土壤理化性质、微生物群落、土壤动物、植物生长等的不利影响,从而损害土壤健康,影响农业生产和农产品质量;此外,细小的微塑料颗粒尤其是纳米塑料存在经由食物链向人体富集的潜在风险。塑料在土壤环境中可能被生物碎化与缓慢生物降解。考虑到微塑料在环境中的广泛分布,持久性和生态风险,结合各国现有的防治策略,提出了相关的防治建议。     

基于便携式X射线荧光光谱速测的设施菜地土壤重金属污染诊断与评价

土壤重金属污染快速诊断与评价是污染防控与风险管理的前提。以广东省典型设施蔬菜产地土壤为研究对象，采用便携式X射线荧光光谱法(portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, PXRF)原位快速获取土壤重金属（镉（Cd）、铜（Cu）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、镍（Ni）及汞（Hg））含量，在传统实验室方法验证PXRF的准确性和稳定性的基础上，对广东省设施菜地表层土壤重金属的污染状况进行快速诊断，并对土壤重金属污染风险进行评价。结果表明：(1) 异位PXRF法对土壤Cd、Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn、As及Ni的测定值与传统实验室方法测定值极显著相关(P<0.01)，土壤Pb和As含量的PXRF原位测定值与传统实验室方法测定值极显著相关(P<0.01)；(2) 土壤含水量为150 g?kg-1~200 g?kg-1时，Cr、Pb、Zn和As的PXRF原位测定值与实验室测定值的相关性达到了极显著水平(P<0.01)；(3) 土壤Cd和Cu的超标现象较为突出，其点位超标率分别为20.9%和10.0%。设施菜地土壤Cd的平均含量为0.21 mg?kg-1，约为露天农田土壤的1.2倍。珠江三角洲地区设施土壤中各重金属的含量整体较其他地区高；(4) 土壤Cd、Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn、As、Ni及Hg的单项污染指数均小于1，由高到低依次为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr>As>Ni>Hg，内梅罗综合污染指数的均值为0.69。就整体平均值而言，土壤重金属污染程度处于清洁水平。PXRF实现了广东省设施菜地土壤重金属污染的快速诊断，并快速识别出Cd和Cu为设施菜地污染风险较高的潜在污染元素，研究结果可为设施农业土壤重金属污染快速诊断与评价提供方法和数据支撑。     

基于便携式X射线荧光光谱速测的设施菜地土壤重金属污染诊断与评价

土壤重金属污染快速诊断与评价是污染防控与风险管理的前提。以广东省典型设施蔬菜产地土壤为研究对象,采用便携式X射线荧光光谱法(portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, PXRF)原位快速获取土壤重金属（镉（Cd）、铜（Cu）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、镍（Ni）及汞（Hg））含量,在传统实验室方法验证PXRF的准确性和稳定性的基础上,对广东省设施菜地表层土壤重金属的污染状况进行快速诊断,并对土壤重金属污染风险进行评价。结果表明：(1) 异位PXRF法对土壤Cd、Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn、As及Ni的测定值与传统实验室方法测定值极显著相关(P<0.01),土壤Pb和As含量的PXRF原位测定值与传统实验室方法测定值极显著相关(P<0.01);(2) 土壤含水量为150 g?kg-1~200 g?kg-1时,Cr、Pb、Zn和As的PXRF原位测定值与实验室测定值的相关性达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);(3) 土壤Cd和Cu的超标现象较为突出,其点位超标率分别为20.9%和10.0%。设施菜地土壤Cd的平均含量为0.21 mg?kg-1,约为露天农田土壤的1.2倍。珠江三角洲地区设施土壤中各重金属的含量整体较其他地区高;(4) 土壤Cd、Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn、As、Ni及Hg的单项污染指数均小于1,由高到低依次为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr>As>Ni>Hg,内梅罗综合污染指数的均值为0.69。就整体平均值而言,土壤重金属污染程度处于清洁水平。PXRF实现了广东省设施菜地土壤重金属污染的快速诊断,并快速识别出Cd和Cu为设施菜地污染风险较高的潜在污染元素,研究结果可为设施农业土壤重金属污染快速诊断与评价提供方法和数据支撑。     

便携式X射线荧光光谱法(PXRF)在矿区农田土壤 重金属快速检测中的应用研究

针对我国普遍存在的土壤重金属污染问题,迫切需要开展土壤重金属的快速检测与评价方法研究。本文采用便携式X射线荧光光谱法(PXRF)和传统实验室方法对云南会泽铅锌矿区农田土壤As、Pb、Cu和Zn进行测定,分析了PXRF法的应用效果。结果表明:1PXRF法测定的精密度与准确度满足我国农田土壤环境质量检测技术规范中规定的仪器检测要求;2土壤As、Pb、Cu和Zn的PXRF法测定值与传统实验室测定值具有良好的一致性,Pb、Cu和Zn的决定性系数均大于0.70;3基于PXRF法原位测定、PXRF法异位测定和传统实验室测定结果的研究区土壤As、Pb、Cu和Zn具有相似的空间分布规律。可见,PXRF法可用于矿区周边农田土壤As、Pb、Cu和Zn的快速检测、污染筛查与评价。     

土壤环境中微塑料的研究进展

微塑料是一类广泛存在于环境中的塑料颗粒,近年来,微塑料对环境的污染引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。关于微塑料对水环境造成的负面影响有较多报道,但微塑料在陆地环境特别是土壤中的存在和影响的系统性研究鲜有报道。本文从土壤微塑料的来源和分布、分析方法、对生态系统的影响、生态环境效应及管控措施等方面进行了系统综述,并针对今后土壤微塑料的研究提出了相关对策。主要包括以下几个方面:1)土壤微塑料的主要来源包括农用塑料薄膜残留、污泥的土地利用、有机肥施用、地表径流、污水灌溉和大气沉降; 2)总结了土壤中微塑料的分离、提取、鉴定及分析方法的优缺点,但目前仍没有标准化的检测和定量技术; 3)微塑料会影响土壤的结构和理化性质,对植物和动物的生长造成威胁,并改变微生物群落的多样性;4)微塑料表面可附着污染物,对环境造成物理和化学污染,可释放内源性有毒物质,并导致复合污染效应;5)微塑料污染的防控措施主要包括3个方面:研发生物降解塑料产品、从源头控制微塑料的输入以及加强世界各国合作。提出今后微塑料的研究应建立统一的定量分析标准方法,发展更准确的可追溯分析技术,加强对土壤中微塑料污染的科学研究。本研究不仅有助于了解微塑料在土壤中的环境行为,为进一步探索土壤微塑料提供思路,而且可为土壤中微塑料的生态风险评估及污染防治提供理论依据和参考。     

中国农田土壤重金属污染防治挑战与对策

我国农田土壤重金属污染格局多样,区域污染风险突出。发达国家对污染土壤的修复经验对我国具有借鉴意义。我国农田土壤重金属污染防治面临土壤重金属空间异质性强、土壤类型及农作物品种对重金属累积差异大、土壤酸化严重、土壤元素失衡、不科学的发展方式、土壤重金属累积趋势难以逆转、土壤—农作物重金属累积线性关系不显著,修复技术不完善、修复措施长期风险调控机制缺失等主要挑战。根据我国农田土壤污染防治现状及课题组工作基础,我们提出以预防为主、保护优先和风险管控为基本思路,建立土壤污染防治体系,通过"土壤环境质量调查、土壤污染源头管控、分类管理和土壤环境质量基准推导"等4个步骤推进农田土壤重金属污染防治工作。     

Fractional and group composition of zinc and lead compounds as an indicator of the environmental status of soils

An ordinary chernozem artificially contaminated with Zn and Pb salts and reclaimed by the addition of chalk and glauconite under pot experimental conditions has been analyzed. The fractional and group composition of the metal compounds in the soil extracts have been determined according to an original combined fractionation procedure. Coefficients characterizing the changes in the environmental status of the metals under the reclamation conditions have been proposed for describing the formation tendencies of the metal composition in the soils. These are the mobility coefficients (MCs) of the heavy metals (HMs) in the soils and the stability coefficients (SCs) of the soils for the HMs. They are calculated from the analysis of the fractional and group composition of the metal compounds. The MC characterizes the environmental vulnerability of soils to the impact of HMs; the SC characterizes the environmental sustainability of soils concerning the contamination with HMs. The obtained experimental data characterize the behavior features of Zn and Pb in the studied soils. An increase in the environmental hazard has been revealed at the contamination of soils with HMs, as well as its decrease at the application of the tested ameliorants. The participation of both strongly and loosely fixed HM fractions in the development of the HM mobility in the soils and the sustainability of the soils to their impact has been shown.     

Application of soil amendments to contaminated soils for heavy metal immobilization and improved soil quality—a critical review

ABSTRACT

Today, soil metal pollution has become a significant environmental issue of great public concern. This is because soil is both a major sink for heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) released into the environment, by both pedogenic and anthropogenic activities; and also a major source of food chain contamination mainly through plant uptake and animal transfer. In addition, HM contamination of soil leads to negative impacts on soil characteristics and function by disturbing both soil biological and physiochemical properties (e.g. extreme soil pH, poor soil structure and soil fertility and lack of soil microbial activity). This eventually leads to decreased crop production. Various soil remediation techniques have been successfully employed to reduce the risks associated with HMs efflux into soil. Among these, the use of low-cost and environmentally safe inorganic and organic amendments for the in-situ immobilization of HMs has become increasingly popular. Immobilization agents have successfully reduced the availability of metal ions through a variety of adsorption, complexation, precipitation, and redox reactions. Soil amendments can also be a source of nutrients and thus can also act as a soil conditioner, improving the soil’s physiochemical properties and fertility, resulting in enhanced plant establishment in metal contaminated soils. This article critically reviews the use of immobilizing agents in HM contaminated agricultural and mining soils paying particular attention to metal immobilization chemistry and the effects of soil amendments on common soil quality parameters.     

Geochemical transformation of soil cover in copper–molybdenum mining areas (Erdenet,Mongolia)

Purpose

The aim of the present study is to evaluate geochemical transformation of soil cover in the territory of Erdenet (Mongolia) and to assess the environmental risk associated with soil cover contamination. The objectives of the present study included: (1) the determination of heavy metals (HMs) and metalloids contents in surface horizons of background and urban soils and the assessment of geochemical transformation of the city’s soil cover; (2) the identification of elements’ associations and patterns of their spatial distribution in the soil cover of the city; (3) the assessment of environmental hazard, related to contamination of soils with complexes of HMs and metalloids.

Materials and methods

Soil–geochemical survey was conducted by the authors in the summer periods of 2010 and 2011. In total, 225 samples, including 32 backgrounds, were collected. Bulk contents of HMs and metalloids in soil samples were analyzed by mass-spectral method with inductively coupled plasma at All-Russian Research Institute of Mineral Raw Materials (Moscow) using Elan-6100 and Optima-4300 devices (Perkin Elmer, USA).

Results and discussion

Mo, Cu, and Se appeared to be the priority pollutants nearly in all land-use zones. The maximum accumulation of Mo, Cu, Se, As, Sb, and W is restricted to the industrial area where total pollution index of soils (Zc) equals 74.8. Three technogenic associations of elements, derived mainly from petrochemical features of Erdenet ore field and characterized by similar spatial distribution within the city, are identified. Environmental assessment of surface soil horizon geochemistry in Erdenet showed that 1/5 of its area has dangerous and extremely dangerous levels of soil pollution.

Conclusions

Experience of the environmental–geochemical assessment of soil cover in the impact zone of mining enterprises could be useful for other fields of the non-ferrous metals with high lithological–geochemical heterogeneity of the territory. It suggests the need of accounting for the geological diversity and specific features of metallogeny of an area. Geochemical indices local enrichment factor/local depletion factor should be calculated against the individual background values for each soil-forming rock. Such approach allows more accurate assessment of the degree of technogenic geochemical transformation of soils and the environmental hazard of pollution.

     

Evaluation of fly ash,apatite and rice straw derived-biochar in varying combinations for in situ remediation of soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals

ABSTRACT

In

-situ sorbent amendment is a relatively low-cost, low-impact approach for remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals (HMs), and thus is considered a way to be favored in developing countries. In this study, materials of non-hazardous, alkaline agronomic and industrial by-products were used as sorbents to explore their capacity of in situ immobilization of multiple HMs in mining-impacted arable soil. These sorbents included fly ash (FA), biochar (BC) and apatite (AP) and they were implemented with varying ratios of combinations. Results of soil microcosm tests showed that after incubation for 90 days, concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd in their exchangeable forms determined by a sequential extraction method significantly decreased in amended soils, as opposed to the unamended control. Of the five sets of amendments, the composite of FA, BC, and AP resulted in the maximum reduction (up to 80%) in the mobility of Pb, Zn, and Cd in soils. The mechanisms underlying the immobilization of HMs in amended soils might involve processes of surface precipitation, ion exchange and complexation, in which the physicochemical properties of sorbent materials played an important role. The immobilization efficacy of sorbent amendments on HMs in soil was further supported by pot experiments in which significant inhibition of HM accumulation in the belowground and aboveground tissues of maize was observed after 50-day cultivation in amended soils as compared with control soil. Together, these results suggest that the application of cost-saving and environmentally friendly materials derived from wastes as sorbents to remediate soils contaminated with multiple HMs is promising for developing countries like Vietnam.     

Plants and biological soil crusts modulate the dominance of N forms in a semi-arid grassland

It has been suggested that the dominance of N forms should shift from dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) to nitrate along a gradient of increasing N availability. We aimed to apply this model at a local scale within a semi-arid ecosystem showing a high spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of vegetation and soil resources. By doing this, we seek a better understanding of the N cycling in spatially heterogeneous ecosystems. We took soil samples from the three major sources of spatial heterogeneity: the grass Stipa tenacíssima, the N-fixing shrub Retama sphaerocarpa, and open areas. We also sampled the biological soil crust (BSC) located in the latter areas as another source of spatial heterogeneity. BSC microsites were classified by four levels of soil coverage, ranging from high coverage (66%) to bare soil. The proportion of nitrate, ammonium and DON was determined in all microsites. DON was the dominant N form for open areas, while nitrate was dominant under the canopy of Retama; these microsites contained the lowest and highest N availability, respectively. Under BSC, DON was the dominant N form. We found high temporal variability in the dominance of N forms for all microsites. Our results suggest that the biome-derived model of Schimel and Bennett (2004) explaining N form dominance across N availability gradients may be extended to local gradients.     

Use of Biochar as an Amendment for Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils:Prospects and Challenges

Biochar (BC), known as the new black gold, is a stable, novel carbonaceous by-product that is synthesized through pyrolysis of biological materials in the absence of O₂. Recently, an emerging interest in the application of BC as a robust soil amendment has given rise to a broad research area in science and technology. It is considered a promising remediation option for heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soils to reduce HM bioavailability to plants. Remediation efficacy of BC depends on the porosity, composition, pyrolysis temperature, feedstock, and residence time of pyrolysis. This review article aimed to present an overview of BC use in the immobilization of HMs, i.e., Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Mn, Cr, and Sb, in contaminated soils. The remaining uncertain factors, including the specific soil HM immobilization mechanisms, long-term beneficial effects, and potential environmental risks associated with BC application are analyzed. Future research must be conducted to ensure that the management of environmental pollution is in accord with ecological sustainability and adaptation of the black gold biotechnology on a commercial basis for immobilization of HMs in contaminated soils.     

淹水土壤中镉活性变化及其制约机理

近年来,面对全球土壤Cd污染日益严重的现状,国内外许多专家和学者对土壤中Cd的迁移转化进行了大量的探索和研究。但是,由于土壤自身的复杂性以及影响因素的多样性和不确定性,有关淹水土壤中镉(Cd)活性变化及其制约机理的研究常常出现截然不同甚至相反的报道。铁锰氧化物、碳酸盐、固相有机质、硫化物、DOM、阴离子(主要是Cl-和SO42-)和阳离子(如Al3+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+等)等繁多的制约因素及其制约机理使得Cd的土壤化学理论复杂化,也给土壤Cd污染的控制和治理带来困难。本文从Cd在土-水界面发生迁移转化的化学过程(吸附与解吸、沉淀与溶解和配位与螯合)入手,总结并阐述了淹水土壤中Cd活性的变化及其制约机理,同时对该领域的研究进行了展望,试图为淹水土壤中Cd活性的深入研究和Cd污染土壤的修复与治理提供参考。     

Resource seeking strategies of zoosporic true fungi in heterogeneous soil habitats at the microscale level

Zoosporic true fungi have frequently been identified in samples from soil and freshwater ecosystems using baiting and molecular techniques. In fact some species can be components of the dominant groups of microorganisms in particular soil habitats. Yet these microorganisms have not yet been directly observed growing in soil ecosystems. Significant physical characteristics and features of the three-dimensional structures of soils which impact microorganisms at the microscale level are discussed. A thorough knowledge of soil structures is important for studying the distribution of assemblages of these fungi and understanding their ecological roles along spatial and temporal gradients. A number of specific adaptations and resource seeking strategies possibly give these fungi advantages over other groups of microorganisms in soil ecosystems. These include chemotactic zoospores, mechanisms for adhesion to substrates, rhizoids which can penetrate substrates in small spaces, structures which are resistant to environmental extremes, rapid growth rates and simple nutritional requirements. These adaptations are discussed in the context of the characteristics of soils ecosystems. Recent advances in instrumentation have led to the development of new and more precise methods for studying microorganisms in three-dimensional space. New molecular techniques have made identification of microbes possible in environmental samples.     

南极半岛海洋气候区的土壤Ⅵ.空间可变性与土壤景观

本文通过对南极海洋气候区自然环境和地表特征分析,指出本区土被发育与分布具有明显的不连续性特征;同时,在分析研究本区成土因素的空间变化格局及其对土壤发生、发育与演化影响的基础上,论述了南极海洋气候区土壤属性上的强烈空间可变性和类型上的高度分异性;最后,对本区有代表性的土壤景观系列进行了分析,指出成土因素空间变异的微域性特点造成了本区土壤景观的多样性与复杂性,本区自然环境的快速变化可能最终导致土壤景观的演变与重塑。     

我国设施农业土壤质量退化特征与调控研究进展

设施土壤质量退化已成为制约现代设施农业可持续发展的瓶颈。了解设施土壤退化成因与特征,并采取适宜的调控措施,对于促进设施农业持续健康发展具有重要意义。本文综述了国内目前设施农业土壤次生盐渍化、酸化、微生物区系破坏、养分失调、有害物质积累等5个方面的退化特征与成因。简述了生物、农业、工程3类调控措施在改良设施土壤方面的应用研究进展。并且针对我国设施土壤质量研究中存在的关于探索形成原因和控制机理方面的研究少,原创性设施土壤改良与调控技术仍然十分缺乏,大尺度、长时间设施土壤质量演变的长期定位研究和动态监测工作十分滞后,有关设施土壤退化因素叠加效应与交互作用机理研究尚未涉及等问题,提出应将构建设施土壤质量标准体系,开展设施土壤质量退化演变机理以及拓展调控与改良技术,系统研究不同退化形式之间的相互作用,以及拓展新技术在设施农业土壤研究中的应用等4方面作为今后研究的重点。