氨基酸部分替代硝态氮对小白菜产量、品质及根际分泌物的影响

采用局部无菌水培方法,研究了氨基酸部分替代硝态氮对小白菜产量、品质及根际分泌物的影响。结果表明:与单一硝态氮处理相比,20%氨基酸部分替代硝态氮处理小白菜产量下降,硝酸盐及可溶性淀粉含量也显著降低,其中以20%谷氨酸（Glu）处理最低,分别为1490.8 mg/kg、1.77 mg/g;提高了小白菜全氮、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸的含量,改变其根系形态结构及根系活力;同时,20%甘氨酸（Gly）、20%混合氨基酸(AAS）处理显著提高根系分泌物中铵态氮、游离氨基酸、总有机碳及总氮、可溶性蛋白的含量,根系分泌物中有机氮占总氮的百分比在Gly、Glu、AAS处理中分别提高了5.6%、11.2%、12.8%。表明氨基酸部分替代硝态氮可改善小白菜的品质,其生物量与各根系分泌物呈明显的负相关(0.7     

水蓼、小飞蓬、杠板归和美洲商陆对锰毒的生理响应

采用水培试验,研究了不同的锰营养水平下,水蓼、小飞蓬、杠板归和美洲商陆的生理响应,通过丙二醛含量（MDA）、质膜透性（MP）、根系活力（RA）、可溶性糖含量（SS）、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量等指标的分析比较,来揭示它们的耐锰性差异。结果表明,锰对4种植物的生理特性都有明显的影响。在高浓度锰处理下（16000μm ol/L）,4种植物的质膜透性极显著升高（p〈0.01）,根系活力明显降低（p〈0.05）,地上部锰含量极显著增加（p〈0.01）,除美洲商陆外的其他3种植物的丙二醛含量明显上升（p〈0.05）,其中小飞蓬的变化幅度最大,美洲商陆的变化幅度最小。水蓼、杠板归、美洲商陆的可溶性糖及叶绿素总量维持在一定水平,与对照相比无极显著差异（p〉0.01）。植物通过维持较低的质膜透性和丙二醛含量、较高的根系活力、稳定的可溶性糖及叶绿素含量来增强耐锰性,研究发现,美洲商陆的耐锰性最强,水蓼和杠板归的耐锰性较强,小飞蓬的耐锰性最差,并且发现水蓼和杠板归均已达到锰超富集植物的标准。     

蒙古黄芪根系分泌物的化感自毒效应研究

以蒙古黄芪为材料,研究了水培法收集的蒙古黄芪根系分泌物对蒙古黄芪种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:蒙古黄芪根系分泌物对其种子萌发和幼苗生长具有显著抑制作用,与对照相比,根系分泌物提取原液处理的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别降低了43. 6%、34. 0%和59. 6%,根系分泌物提取原液对蒙古黄芪幼苗的化感自毒作用最强。经根系分泌物处理后,蒙古黄芪幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均有所增强,根系分泌物稀释倍数小于0. 6时,保护酶活性随着根系分泌物稀释倍数的减小而降低,提取物原液处理的保护酶活性最低。丙二醛(MDA)含量随根系分泌物浓度的升高而增大。根系分泌物稀释倍数小于0. 6时,蒙古黄芪的化感自毒效应随根系分泌物浓度的升高逐渐增强。     

不同品种小麦与蚕豆间作对蚕豆枯萎病发生、根系分泌物和根际微生物群落功能多样性的影响

通过田间小区试验和盆栽试验,研究了3个不同品种小麦［云麦42（YM42）,云麦47（YM47）和绵阳29（MY29）］与蚕豆间作对蚕豆枯萎病发生、 根系分泌物和根际微生物群落功能多样性的影响。结果表明,云麦42与蚕豆间作处理（YM42//B）和云麦47与蚕豆间作处理（YM47//B）使蚕豆枯萎病病情指数分别降低47.6%和33.3%,而绵阳29与蚕豆间作处理（MY29//B）对蚕豆枯萎病病情指数无显著影响。与蚕豆单作相比,YM42//B和YM47//B处理显著增加了根系分泌物中有机酸的含量,显著降低了根系分泌物中可溶性总糖和游离氨基酸含量; 显著提高了蚕豆根际微生物对碳源的利用强度,明显改变了蚕豆根际微生物群落结构,并且YM42//B处理的影响大于YM47//B; 而MY29//B处理对碳源利用强度、 根际微生物群落结构和根系分泌物中有机酸、 可溶性总糖和游离氨基酸含量均无显著影响。 YM42//B处理根际微生物利用碳源的种类比YM47//B处理多,同时YM42//B和YM47//B处理利用的糖类、 氨基酸类和羧酸类碳源种类完全不同。表明云麦42和云麦47与蚕豆间作通过增加有机酸含量,从而提高根际微生物活性和多样性,促进了根际微生物利用更多的碳源,同时云麦42和云麦47与蚕豆间作抑制了氨基酸和总糖的分泌,而最终控制了蚕豆枯萎病的发生。表明不同品种小麦与蚕豆间作系统根系分泌物-根际微生物的互作是影响蚕豆枯萎病抗性的重要原因。小麦与蚕豆间作控病效果受小麦品种的影响,以云麦42与蚕豆间作效果最好,其次为云麦47与蚕豆间作,而绵阳29与蚕豆间作无显著控病效果。     

硅处理对镉锌胁迫下水稻产量及植株生理特性的影响

以郑稻18为材料,通过盆栽试验研究了镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)污染胁迫和硅(Si)处理对水稻产量、不同生育时期植株生理特性的影响,从而揭示硅缓解Cd、Zn胁迫的生理机制。结果表明,水稻植株受到Cd、Zn毒害时,不同生育期植株生物量、产量、叶片叶绿素含量及可溶性蛋白质含量均显著下降,而叶片质膜透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性糖含量和过氧化物(POD)活性显著增加。施硅处理显著提高水稻植株对重金属的抗性,主要反映在植株生物量显著增加,叶片叶绿素含量及可溶性蛋白质含量显著上升,而叶片质膜透性、MDA含量、POD活性和可溶性糖含量显著降低,产量显著增加,说明硅缓解植株体内重金属毒害的代谢机制与其对抗氧化酶系统的调控作用及作物抗性的提高有关。     

铝胁迫对油菜根系形态和生理指标的影响

为探讨油菜幼苗在不同浓度铝胁迫下的生理响应,以2个耐铝毒差异显著的油菜品种(耐铝品种R178和铝敏感品种S169)为试验材料,在营养液培养条件下,共设置0(对照)、50、100、150、200和 300 μmol·L^-1 6个铝(pH值4.5)处理,研究铝胁迫对油菜根系形态及生理指标的影响。结果表明,50 μmol·L^-1铝处理下R178各根系形态指标与对照相比均无显著差异,而S169根系各形态指标与对照均差异显著,其中总根尖数随着铝处理浓度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,其他根系指标均随着铝处理浓度的增加呈逐渐减少的趋势,300 μmol·L^-1铝处理下,2个品种的主根相对伸长率较对照分别减少65.7%和79.7%。随着铝处理浓度的增加,2个品种幼苗根系中可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势,叶片中可溶性蛋白含量呈降低趋势,而脯氨酸含量则呈升高的趋势。铝胁迫导致2个品种幼苗根系和叶片的质膜透性显著增加,300 μmol·L^-1铝处理下R178和S169根系相对电解质外渗率较对照分别增加54%和59%,叶片中分别增加82%和90%,同一处理下R178根系和叶片电解质外渗率均小于S169。随着铝处理浓度的增加,2个品种根系中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先增加后降低的趋势;R178叶片中SOD活性呈增加趋势,而S169则呈先增加后降低的趋势,且在200 μmol·L^-1时达到最大值;2个品种叶片中的POD、CAT和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性均呈先增加后降低的趋势。综上,铝胁迫显著抑制了油菜根系生长,破坏了细胞质膜的完整性,油菜幼苗通过蛋白质和脯氨酸含量的积累以及保护酶活性的增高抵抗铝胁迫。本研究结果为耐铝油菜资源筛选和新品种选育提供了理论依据。     

磷对铝胁迫下荞麦元素吸收与运输的影响

以不同耐铝基因型江西养麦(耐性)和内蒙荞麦(敏感)为材料,采用土培法研究磷对铝胁迫下荞麦生长和Al,P等元素吸收、运输的影响.结果表明,铝胁迫下0.2 g/kg的磷能有效缓解铝毒对荞麦根长的抑制.培养30d后,0.4 g/kg磷处理能显著降低铝在荞麦根系和地上部的积累.铝胁迫下加磷可影响养麦体内Ca,Mg,Mn,Zn,Fe的吸收,0.4 g/kg铝配施0.4 g/kg磷处理对荞麦根系Ca,Mg吸收最有利,内蒙荞麦根系Mg的含量比不加磷组提高了76.8%,但显著阻碍了铝胁迫下荞麦体内Ca,Fe的向上运输.铝胁迫下配施磷促进荞麦根系对Zn,Fe吸收,有利于Zn向地上部转运.施磷能有效缓解铝毒对荞麦生长的抑制,降低根系和地上部铝含量,有利于Ca,Mg,Mn,Zn,Fe的吸收和Mg,Zn的运输.     

外源硒对梨树叶片衰老和光合同化物积累的影响

采用叶面喷施方式,研究不同浓度(0,5,10,20mg/L)Na2SeO3处理对7年生砀山酥梨叶片衰老及其光合作用的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,5mg/L硒可降低梨树叶片衰老进程中的质膜相对透性以及丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸含量,提高其净光合速率(Pn)以及谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸(AsA)和淀粉含量;至采样后期,5 mg/L硒使质膜相对透性以及MDA和脯氨酸含量分别较对照极显著降低18.05%,36.24%和39.42%,GSH含量显著提高25.43%,AsA含量极显著提高13.44%,从而使叶片衰老延缓,并使采样后期叶片Pn和淀粉含量分别较对照极显著提高59.98%和36.58%。随喷硒浓度增加,硒的过氧化作用逐渐显现和增强,至采样后期,20mg/L硒使质膜相对透性以及MDA和脯氨酸含量分别较对照显著提高14.34%,16.89%和8.97%,GSH和AsA含量分别极显著降低32.39%和15.68%,从而使叶片衰老加速,并使采样后期叶片Pn较对照极显著降低59.89%。硒对衰老叶片还原糖和可溶性糖含量影响不显著。因此,对梨树喷硒时,从延缓叶片衰老、提高叶片Pn和光合同化物积累等方面考虑,应以5mg/L为宜。     

淹涝胁迫和氮形态对苗期玉米糖、氮代谢底物量的影响

采用砂培培养方法,比较研究淹水和不同氮形态(铵态氮、硝态氮以及铵态氮︰硝态氮为1︰1)对苗期玉米根、茎鞘和叶的糖、氮代谢底物——可溶性糖、还原糖、硝态氮和游离氨基酸等物质含量的影响。结果表明,当淹涝胁迫持续7 d时,在非淹涝胁迫条件下,铵态氮处理的根、茎鞘和叶的可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量均显著高于硝态氮处理(P<0.05);在淹涝胁迫条件下,硝态氮处理的根、茎鞘和叶的生物量干重显著低于铵态氮处理(P<0.05),其根和叶的生物量干重也显著低于铵态氮、硝态氮混合处理(P<0.05)。与非淹涝条件相比,在淹涝胁迫条件下,硝态氮处理的根系和叶的硝态氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),降低幅度分别高达62.6%和30.0%;此外,与非淹涝条件相比,在淹涝胁迫条件下,铵态氮处理的根的可溶性糖、还原糖以及游离氨基酸含量,茎鞘的可溶性糖和还原糖含量以及叶的可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量均显著升高(P<0.05),而硝态氮处理仅根、茎鞘和叶的还原糖含量以及叶的游离氨基酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。因此,在本试验条件下,由于糖、氮代谢底物含量充足,铵态氮处理的苗期玉米具有相对较强的耐淹涝胁迫能力。     

冬季低温对沙漠植物约书亚树幼苗生理生化指标的影响

利用2年生约书亚树(Yucca brevifolia)幼苗进行低温越冬试验,对冻害程度及其生理生化指标进行测定分析.结果表明:随着冻害程度的加重,质膜透性、游离脯氨酸及可溶性糖含量逐渐升高,叶绿素含量SPAD值逐渐降低,其中覆土容器苗的冻害程度最为严重,其质膜透性、游离脯氨酸及可溶性糖含量分别达到了74.869 8%,3.558 3 mg/g和174.886 4 mg/g,SPAD值仅为28.566 7,与对照相比差异均达到极显著水平;林下约书亚树幼苗的MDA含量最高,达到了5.511 5 mmol/g,且与其他处理间存在极显著差异.结合越冬后约书亚树幼苗的冻窖指数及生理生化指标,利用主成分分析法综合评价3种越冬方式下约书亚树幼苗的表现为地窖内防寒越冬效果最好,室外覆土容器苗和林下栽植幼苗冻伤较严重.     

铝对荞麦和金荞麦根系分泌物的影响

以荞麦和金荞麦为实验材料，用砂培方法研究Al胁迫下荞麦和金荞麦根系分泌电解质、糖和氨基酸的变化。结果表明，Al胁迫条件下，电解质外渗率、糖类随Al^3 浓度升高而增加；在低浓度Al^3 作用下，随处理浓度的升高，氨基酸分泌量增加，当处理浓度高于相应浓度时，氨基酸分泌量随浓度升高而减少。Al胁迫使荞麦和金荞麦根系分泌物的种类和浓度发生改变，与其缓解Al毒害相关。     

Micronutrient Levels in Sugar Beet in Soils of Greece

A survey was conducted in order to estimate micronutrient levels in plants and soils of 215 farms in Greece cultivated with sugar beet. Soils were analyzed for particle-size distribution, pH, organic carbon (C), CaCO₃, and DTPA-extractable copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). Sugar beet leaves were analyzed for the same metals. Also, aboveground biomass (top), root, and raw sugar yields were recorded. DTPA-extractable Fe and Mn were above critical levels in all cases, whereas Cu and Zn were above critical levels in 49% and 24% of the soil samples, respectively. Concentrations of the four metals in plant tissue were similar or higher than the sufficiency range. Concentrations of DTPA-extractable Fe and Mn, and plant Zn and Mn, were significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH. Soil pH and DTPA-extractable Fe seemed to have a significant positive impact on root, top, and raw sugar yields. However, in all cases, less than 14% of the variance of the sugar beet parameters was explained by soil characteristics.     

关于水稻土形成特点的探讨——花斑状形态特征的形成

水稻土引人注目的形态特点是呈花斑状,这种形态特征是在基质色调的背景上由铁锰斑点,灰色胶膜与潜育斑镶嵌而成的。在进行水稻土剖面观察时,从远处看基本上是灰色或灰棕色色调,而在近处仔细观察,则不难看出在底色的背景上穿插着纵横交错的杂色斑纹。其镶嵌程度要比相应的起源土壤细致得多。这种形态特征,无疑同水稻土的形成特点有关系。     

Chemical Fractions of Mn in Acidic Soils and Selection of Suitable Soil Extractants for Assessing Mn Availability to Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Twenty surface (0–15 cm) samples of acidic soils were analyzed for water soluble (WS), exchangeable (EX), lead displaceable (Pb-disp.), acid soluble (AS), manganese (Mn) oxide occluded (MnOX), organically bound (OB), amorphous Fe oxide occluded (AFeOX), crystalline iron (Fe) oxide occluded (CFeOX) and residual (RES) fractions of Mn, and also for extractable Mn in some common soil extractants: (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) (pH 7.3), DTPA (pH 5.3), AB-DTPA (pH 7.6), Mehlich-3 (pH 2.0), Modified Olsen, 0.005 M calcium chloride (CaCl₂), 1 M magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) and ion exchange resins. The WS-Mn fraction showed a significant and positive correlation with Mn extractable in DTPA (pH 5.3) and AB-DTPA (pH 7.6), while both WS-Mn and EX-Mn fractions correlated significantly and positively with Mn concentration and uptake by maize plants grown in these soils. The AB-DTPA (pH 7.6) and DTPA (pH 5.3) appeared suitable to assess the availability of Mn in acidic soils.     

长期定位施肥对土壤铁、锰形态及剖面分布的影响

本文采用改进的BCR连续提取法,对沈阳农业大学棕壤肥料长期定位试验地31年不同施肥处理土壤铁和锰含量变化及其剖面变异规律进行研究。结果表明:与试验前相比,耕层土壤两种元素水溶态和弱酸溶态含量都有所增加,而可还原态和残渣态含量则有不同程度的减少;铁和锰都以残渣态和可还原态为主。在空间分布上,两种元素弱酸溶态和可氧化态含量随土层的加深而减少,残渣态则相反。研究表明,有机肥能在一定程度上改变铁和锰在各形态间的分配,并且有机肥能活化残渣态铁和锰。     

Aluminum toxicity in maize: Biomass production and nutrient uptake and translocation

The effect of increasing aluminum (Al) concentrations on root nutrient contents along with the concurrent translocation to the shoot of C₄ plants prompted this study. Two‐week‐old maize (Zea mays cv XL‐72.3) plants were therefore submitted for 20 days to Al concentrations ranging from 0 to 3.00 mM in a medium with low ionic strength were used as a test system. Aluminum concentrations in root tissues showed a 3‐fold increase between 0 and 3.00 mM Al treatment, and was not detected in the shoot. Root plasma membrane‐H⁺ ATPase activity decreased after the 0.33 mg L^‐1 Al treatment, while membrane permeability increased up to 1.00 mM Al treatment. Root and shoot biomass decreased after the 0.33 mM Al treatment. All elements in the roots, except potassium (K), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) were highest for plants treated with 0.33 mM Al. Potassium increased continuously between 0 and 3.00 mM Al treatments, and iron (Fe) decreased above 0.33 mM. Only a slight decrease in nitrogen (N) was observed. All the measured nutrients in shoots, except N, Mn, and Fe decreased above 0.33 mM, but calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) had little variation as Al varied. Data indicated that maximum net uptake for mineral nutrients, except Mn, occurred up to 0.33 mM Al. Translocation of phosphorus (P), K, Mn, and Zn decreased above 0.33 mM Al, N, and Ca decreased when any Al was added, and no clear trend was observed for Mg and Fe. Between the 0 and the 3.00 mM Al treatments, electrolytic conductance did not increased significantly indicating that the observed inhibitions of translocation from roots to shoots were not directly related to increasing membrane degradation.     

根分泌物与禾本科植物对缺铁胁迫的适应机理

本文系统地总结了自然基金重点项目根分泌物在根际微生态系统中的营养机理的研究进展和部分主要成果。研究表明,养分专一性根分泌物是植物营养遗传特性控制基因的标记物,它受某一养分缺乏的诱导,是在植物体内合成并可通过主动分泌作用进入根际的代谢产物。它的合成和分泌只受该养分胁迫的专一诱导和控制,只要改善这一营养状况就能抑制或阻止其合成和分泌。当植物缺乏这一养分时,植物体可通过自身的调节能力,合成专一性物质并自根分泌到根际,促进该养分的活化并提高植物对其吸收利用效率,从而达到克服或缓解该营养胁迫的目的。用单基因突变材料进行的研究表明,植物铁载体的生物合成和吸收利用是受单基因控制的过程。这一发现不仅使人类有可能运用生物学研究技术来解决营养缺乏问题,而且也为有效地利用自然资源、降低生产成本、减少环境污染提供了可能性。麦根酸类(mugineic.acids)植物铁载体(phytosiderophores)在缺铁禾本科植物体内的生物合成,从植物根内向根际的分泌、在根际环境中对铁的活化及植物对F63+植物铁载体螯合体的吸收四个过程组成了禾本科植物对缺铁胁迫的适应机理。植物铁载体只在早晨日出后2～6h内大量分泌的节律性增加了它们在根际土壤中的相对浓度,减少了它们与土壤颗粒的接触和被吸附;分泌部位集中在微生物尚未侵染的根尖避开了微生物的破坏和分解,同时也增加了它们在土壤微区中的相对浓度。分泌作用和螯合作用不受介质pH值和Ca2+离子浓度影响的特性使该机理在经常出现缺铁现象的石灰性土壤上具有特殊意义。研究结果还表明,缺铁可以诱导激活根细胞原生质膜上可能存在的Fe3+植物铁载体复合体的专一性吸收和运载蛋白,高pH值和CaCO3对这一蛋白的载体功能只有很小的抑制作用,即使在pH值和CaCO3含量都较高的石灰性土壤上,也能有效地发挥作用。这一结论揭示了小麦等禾本科植物适应铁胁迫的实质及其生态学意义。     

Beneficial effects of glycine on growth and leaf nutrient concentrations of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) plants

Abstract

In this study, the effect of glycine amino acid was evaluated on growth characteristics and nutrient uptake of coriander plants under greenhouse conditions. The treatments were soil application of glycine in two concentrations of 300 and 600?mg kg^?1 soil, foliar application of glycine (in 0.05% concentration), soil application of mix NPK fertilizer and no fertilizer control. The growth parameters of plant height, leaf SPAD value, shoot and root fresh weights were significantly improved by soil application of glycine, particularly in higher concentration. Soil application of glycine also reduced the number of flowered plants, while it increased soluble solids (TSS) and vitamin C of plant leaf extracts than control plants. Leaf nutrient concentrations of nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn), but not magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn), were significantly increased by soil application of glycine, whereas soil applied NPK significantly increased P and Ca of leaves than unfertilized control plants.     

不同抗性蚕豆品种根系分泌物对枯萎病菌的化感作用及根系分泌物组分分析

蚕豆枯萎病是土传病害,其发生与蚕豆根系分泌物有密切关系。本文以3个枯萎病不同抗性蚕豆品种——‘89-147’(高抗)、‘8363’(中抗)和‘云豆324’(感病)为材料,通过水培试验收集根系分泌物,测定根系分泌物对镰刀菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响,分析对枯萎病表现出不同抗性的蚕豆品种根系分泌物中糖、氨基酸和有机酸的含量,分离鉴定了根系分泌物中氨基酸和有机酸的组分。结果表明,抗病品种的根系分泌物抑制了尖孢镰刀菌的孢子萌发和菌丝生长,在加入5 mL中抗品种根系分泌物时,显著促进尖孢镰刀菌孢子萌发,但对菌丝生长无显著影响;而在加入1 mL感病品种根系分泌物时,就能显著促进尖孢镰刀菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长。不同抗性蚕豆品种根系分泌物中氨基酸总量和总糖含量随抗性的降低而升高,有机酸分泌总量则随蚕豆品种对枯萎病的抗性增加而升高。感病品种和中抗品种中检出15种氨基酸,而高抗品种中检出14种,组氨酸只存在于中抗品种中,脯氨酸仅在感病品种中检出,3个蚕豆品种根系分泌物中均未检出精氨酸。蚕豆根系分泌物中天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和亮氨酸含量高,可能会促进枯萎病的发生,而蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和丝氨酸含量高可能抑制枯萎病发生。酒石酸仅在抗病品种中存在,根系分泌物中有机酸种类丰富,有助于提高蚕豆对枯萎病的抗性。蚕豆对枯萎病的抗性不同,根分泌物对镰刀菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响也不同,而这种抗病性差异与蚕豆根系分泌物中糖、氨基酸、有机酸的含量和组分密切相关。     

Effects of industrial and sewage waste waters on the concentration of soluble carbon,nitrogen, and some mineral elements in sunflower plants

The effect of three waste waters from two factories, Manquabad (fertilizer) and Bani Quara (detergents and oils), and a sewage effluent from Arab El‐Madabegh (sewage effluent) on the soluble nitrogen and carbon fractions in sunflower plants was studied. In addition, tissue concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) were determined. Plants analyzed monthly that were grown in waste waters were found to have significantly higher soluble sugar, hydrolysable carbohydrate, and soluble protein in both their shoots and roots than plants grown in tap water (control). No definite pattern was noted for amino acid responses to the waste water treatment. Element concentrations in the plants were variable, affected by the pollution source differences and monthly sampling. Waste waters significantly enhanced the accumulation of most elements in both shoots and roots. The most notable effect was the increase in the Na, Cl, and Zn concentrations. In addition, waste waters significantly decreased the K content in both shoots and roots. Plants growing in Manquabad waste waters have the highest concentration of Zn, Mn, and Fe. The internal concentration for the mineral elements in the plant tissue was postively and negatively correlated with that found in the waste waters. The negative correlations existed with most elements in the plant tissue and waste waters, indicating the presence of an active regulation system that influenced the element uptake from the waste waters.