长期围栏封育对天山中部草地土壤有机碳及微生物量碳的影响

以天山中部中科院巴音布鲁克草原生态观测站三种类型草地长期（26 a）围栏封育样地为研究对象,通过野外调查取样结合室内分析的方法,研究了长期（26 a）围栏封育对草地土壤有机碳和微生物量碳含量的影响,结果表明：（1）围栏外（自然放牧条件下）,表层的土壤有机碳含量为高寒草甸（165.29 g·kg-1）〉高寒草甸草原（98.73 g·kg-1）〉高寒草原（83.54 g·kg-1）,微生物量碳含量依次为高寒草甸草原（181.70 mg·kg-1）〉高寒草甸（146.37 mg·kg-1）〉高寒草原（43.06 mg·kg-1）。围栏封育后,高寒草甸、高寒草甸草原、高寒草原表层土壤有机碳含量分别提高了11.37%、3.26%和2.21%;高寒草甸草原和高寒草甸微生物量碳含量分别增长2.89%和12.04%,而高寒草原降低40.36%。（2）从围栏内外土壤剖面来看,土壤有机碳、微生物量碳含量随着土壤深度的增加依次降低,微生物熵也随土壤深度的增加呈现降低的趋势。（3）微生物量碳含量与土壤速效钾、全磷含量达到极显著负相关（P〈0.01）,与速效磷含量达到极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与土壤有机碳、全氮、全钾含量呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）与土壤速效氮含量正相关,但不显著。     

武夷山不同海拔典型森林土壤有机碳和全氮储量分布特征

为探究武夷山森林土壤碳氮储量的分布特征,以武夷山国家公园不同海拔高度(600,1 000,1 400 m)的典型森林土壤为研究对象,研究土壤有机碳和全氮含量及储量随海拔高度的变化规律,分析了影响土壤有机碳和全氮储量变化的因子。结果表明:随着海拔的升高,土壤有机碳和全氮的含量在0—5 cm土层和5—10 cm土层变化规律不同,5—10 cm土层的土壤碳氮含量随海拔变化趋势更为明显,而0—5 cm土层的土壤碳氮含量表现为1 000 m海拔较高; 海拔1 000 m的土壤C/N明显高于海拔1 400 m和600 m; 在土壤有机碳和全氮储量方面,1 400 m明显高于1 000 m和600 m,且高海拔区域土壤碳氮储量的变化幅度显著大于低海拔区域,两土层间差异不显著; 相关分析和RDA分析表明细根C/N和土壤温度是影响土壤有机碳和全氮储量的主导因子。综上所述,土壤有机碳和全氮的分布随海拔升高并非线性增长,受到气候、植被特征及土壤状况的综合影响,高海拔地区土壤碳氮储量对气候变化的响应更为敏感。     

纳帕海高原湿地土壤有机碳密度及碳储量特征

选取纳帕海典型沼泽、沼泽化草甸和草甸为研究对象,研究纳帕海湿地土壤有机碳密度及碳储量特征。结果表明:沼泽和沼泽化草甸土壤剖面有机碳含量明显高于草甸土壤;沼泽、沼泽化草甸和草甸土壤剖面有机碳密度与有机碳含量变化趋势基本一致,沼泽和沼泽化草甸土壤剖面有机碳密度均在30kg/m3以上,草甸土壤0-40cm有机碳密度高于30kg/m3,40cm以下有机碳密度均低于30kg/m3;沼泽、沼泽化草甸和草甸土壤储碳层厚度分别为60,80,20cm,1m深度以内有机碳储量分别为393.53,458.81,305.78t/hm2。     

秸秆深还田对土壤微生物特征及其影响因素的研究

为探索秸秆深还田后土壤微生物碳氮和酶活性的动态规律,采用尼龙网袋的方法,研究秸秆还田到土壤不同深度(0 cm、0~15 cm、15~30 cm、30~45 cm)30天、60天、90天、120天后对土壤微生物碳氮和酶活性的影响。结果显示:秸秆还田120天,秸秆深埋分解率(70%~80%)远大于秸秆覆盖分解率(20%);比较各时期不同土层土壤微生物碳氮的变化,还田15~30 cm微生物碳含量最高,在各时期与其他处理达到显著差异,地表覆盖微生物氮含量最高,与其他处理达到显著差异;比较各时期不同土层土壤酶活性的变化,均为秸秆地表覆盖的土壤酶活性较高,土壤酶活性均随季节变化呈先升高后降低的趋势,秸秆还田90天后脲酶出现峰值,秸秆还田60天后蔗糖酶出现峰值。与对照相比,秸秆还田显著增加了土壤脲酶及蔗糖酶活性,且在还田15~30 cm,土壤脲酶及蔗糖酶活性的提高更加显著。相关性分析表明,秸秆还田深度与土壤微生物氮含量、土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、土壤温度及土壤含水量有着显著地相关性。     

不同处理采伐剩余物对营造杉木幼林土壤胞外酶活性的影响

土壤酶对森林生态系统生物化学过程有重要作用,能快速反映土壤环境(如养分含量和有效性)的变化。采伐剩余物是林地土壤养分的重要来源,其处理方式会对森林土壤的养分含量和有效性产生影响。为探讨采伐剩余物不同处理方式对杉木幼林土壤酶活性的影响,在福建省三明市格氏栲自然保护区40年生的杉木成熟林采伐迹地上对采伐剩余物进行不同处理(保留RR、火烧RB、去除R)并种植杉木幼林,通过采集0-10,10-20 cm土层土壤,对6种胞外酶活性进行研究。结果表明:(1)采伐剩余物处理4年后,相比保留处理,火烧和清除处理的土壤可溶性有机碳、可溶性有机氮、无机氮、硝态氮含量均显著下降。其中火烧处理下硝态氮下降幅度显著高于清除处理,2个土层下降幅度平均分别为88%和51%;(2)相比保留处理,火烧和清除处理土壤微生物生物量碳和微生物生物量磷含量以及6种土壤酶活性,即酸性磷酸酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、纤维素水解酶、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶、过氧化酶、酚氧化酶均明显更低,而且火烧处理两土层微生物生物量碳和微生物生物量磷含量显著低于清除处理;(3)冗余分析表明,0-10 cm土层土壤酶活性与微生物生物量磷、微生物生物量碳含量显著相关,而可溶性有机氮、硝态氮、微生物生物量碳是影响10-20 cm土层土壤酶活性变化的关键因子。保留采伐剩余物有利于提高土壤养分和酶活性,是土壤肥力维持和森林生产力提高的有效经营管理措施。     

间作白三叶对苹果/白三叶复合系统土壤微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响

以渭北黄土高原苹果园土壤为研究对象,设置传统苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.）园清耕及间作白三叶（Trifolium repens L.）两个处理,测定和分析了不同土层（0—5 cm,5—10 cm,10—20 cm及20—40 cm）的土壤微生物量碳（SMBC）、氮（SMBN）、4种土壤酶活性、有机碳（SOC）和全氮（TN）等指标,从土壤微生物碳、氮及酶活性的角度探讨间作白三叶对苹果/白三叶复合系统土壤的影响。结果表明:间作白三叶能够显著提高土壤微生物量碳、氮的含量和土壤酶活性,提高土壤微生物对有机碳和全氮的利用效率,其作用随着土层深度的增加而降低,在表层土壤效果更为显著。土壤微生物量碳、氮及土壤酶活性与土壤有机碳、全氮呈极显著相关或显著性相关。苹果园土壤微生物量碳、氮及土壤酶活性能敏感响应生草间作,可以作为评价果园生草对果园土壤影响的良好指标。     

长期免耕与施用有机肥对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响

通过设置在江苏省句容农科所的田间定位试验研究长期免耕及施用有机肥料对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响。结果表明 :经过 1 6年 32茬稻—麦水旱轮作后 ,表土层 ( 0～ 5cm)土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷含量比亚表层 ( 5～ 1 0cm)分别高 2 7.5 %、43.6%和1 1 %。与常规耕翻相比长期免耕处理表土层土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量分别增加了2 5 .4%和 45 .4% ,而微生物生物量磷无明显变化规律 ;亚表层的土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷免耕与耕翻两种耕作方式间的差异不显著。尽管各施肥处理施用的氮、磷、钾数量完全相等 ,但土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的含量却因肥料种类的不同而异。综合 0～ 5和 5～ 1 0cm土层 ,微生物生物量碳、磷为 :猪粪 化肥 >秸秆 化肥 >绿肥 化肥 >化肥 >不施肥 ,微生物生物量氮则为 :猪粪 化肥 >绿肥 化肥 >秸秆 化肥 >化肥 >不施肥。相关分析结果显示 ,土壤微生物生物量碳、氮与土壤有机碳、土壤全氮和土壤碱解氮之间均呈极显著的正相关 ,表明其与土壤肥力关系密切 ,可作为评价土壤肥力性状的生物学指标     

湿地退化条件下土壤碳氮磷储量与生态化学计量变化特征

为了研究湿地退化过程中土壤碳氮磷储量与生态化学计量变化,明确碳氮"汇"功能的变化和土壤碳、氮、磷的平衡关系,采用实地采样调查、室内分析与数理统计法,研究了若尔盖自然湿地保护区内未退化湿地沼泽(MA)、沼泽化草甸(MM)、草甸(ME)3种不同退化程度湿地的典型样地在碳氮磷含量、储量以及生态化学计量的变化特征。结果表明,草甸化沼泽土与草甸土全剖面总有机碳、全氮含量较沼泽土分别降低了29.55%,6.52%和67.53%,40.04%,碳氮储量分别降低了67.49%,60.10%和85.14%,54.47%;3种土壤全磷剖面含量大小顺序为MMMEMA,其储量高低顺序是MEMAMM。随着土层深度的增加,沼泽土的总有机碳、全氮含量明显升高,全磷含量与草甸化沼泽土、草甸土的总有机碳、全氮、全磷含量均呈现降低趋势;3种土壤碳氮磷储量40—100cm土层高于0—40cm土层。沼泽土、草甸化沼泽土、草甸土3种不同类型土壤C/N分别为40.38,31.70,23.26,C/P分别为409.52,247.46,113.07,N/P分别为10.43,7.90,5.02,土壤C/N、C/P、N/P均随湿地退化而减小,较高的C/P与N/P14揭示氮磷元素均是影响植物生长的限制性因素,且受氮素限制高于磷素。因此,若尔盖湿地退化导致土壤碳氮含量与储量降低,碳氮"汇"功能减弱,尤其是碳"汇"。     

高寒草原土壤有机碳矿化对水氮添加的响应

[目的]研究不同水氮添加下的高寒草原土壤有机碳矿化过程,探讨土壤性质与土壤碳矿化的关系,为揭示全球变化背景下高寒草原土壤碳转化规律提供科学依据。[方法]设置45%,60%,75%,90%的田间持水量(WHC)4个水分梯度和4个氮添加梯度(0,0.2,0.4,0.8 mg/g)进行室内培养,分析CO_2浓度,测定土壤溶解性有机碳(DOC)、土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量以及土壤酶活性。[结果]①在水或氮添加范围内,土壤有机碳矿化量呈抛物线变化趋势,土壤碳矿化受水分调控更加敏感,氮添加对土壤碳矿化的影响依赖于水分添加量。②土壤水分从45%增加到60%WHC,加速了土壤中可溶性物质溶出,增加了有机碳矿化;施氮量从0 mg/g增加到0.4 mg/g,土壤有机碳含量、土壤微生物量碳含量呈上升趋势,刺激了土壤有机碳的矿化。③90%田间持水量WHC的高水分添加与45%田间持水量土壤水分下的高氮添加(0.8 mg/g)抑制高寒草原土壤碳矿化,高水分添加通过降低土壤通透性抑制有机碳矿化过程,高氮添加通过降低土壤DOC生物有效性、土壤MBC含量、土壤酶活来抑制土壤有机碳矿化过程,高氮添加对碳矿化的抑制作用在90%WHC条件下得到缓解。[结论]随着未来氮沉降量与降雨量的持续增加,青藏高原高寒草原土壤有机碳的矿化作用可能会受到抑制,有利于高寒草原土壤有机碳积累。     

若尔盖高寒草地沙化对土壤活性有机碳组分的影响

为了解若尔盖高寒草地沙化对土壤活性有机碳组分的影响,采用空间代替时间的方法,通过野外土壤采集,并结合室内化验分析,研究了若尔盖高寒草原不同沙化阶段土壤有机碳及其活性组分的含量和变化特征。结果表明:沙化对高寒草地0—60cm土层土壤有机碳含量具有显著影响,随沙化程度加剧,土壤总有机碳、溶解性有机碳、易氧化有机碳和微生物量碳含量均呈现显著下降的特征,极重度沙化阶段较潜在沙化阶段分别减少了74.76%,80.24%,76.02%和83.24%;活性有机碳组分的损失较土壤总有机碳明显,其中微生物量碳含量的下降幅度最大;随土层深度的增加,沙化草地土壤有机碳含量及其变化量均呈下降趋势,其中,0—20cm土层土壤有机碳含量变化最为显著;土壤总有机碳、溶解性有机碳、易氧化有机碳和微生物量碳含量均呈极显著正相关关系(P0.01)。     

Preparing a soil carbon inventory of Saxony‐Anhalt,Central Germany using GIS and the state soil data base SABO_P

To obtain information on regional soil carbon (C) stocks, we prepared a soil C inventory for the central German State Saxony‐Anhalt. We used the State Soil Database SABO_P ( S achsen‐ A nhalt Bo den_ P rofildatenbank), which contains data from 3,600 soil profiles with 16,300 individual soil horizons and combined it with a geographic information system (GIS ArcView). Soil C stocks down to a depth of 100 cm were compiled for the three major soil regions of Saxony‐Anhalt (soil region 2: river valleys and floodplains; soil region 4: pre‐Weichselian moraines, and soil region 6: loess‐covered areas), which represent 83 % of the total state territory. The three major soil regions in Saxony‐Anhalt comprise on average 12.7 (soil region 2), 8.9 (soil region 4), and 12.8 kg C m^–2 (soil region 6). Total C content of the area investigated was 191 tg. The typical soils of the region, Haplic Chernozems, contain on average 13.9 kg C m^–2. With few exceptions, soil C did not vary significantly within identical taxonomic groups among different soil subregions. However, Chernozems of soil subregion 3 (Wanzlebener Löß‐Plateau; 19.8 kg C m^–2) contain significantly more C than the Chernozems of soil subregions 9 (Pollebener, Gerbstedter and Lettewitzer Löß‐Plateau; 12.1 kg C m^–2) and 15 (Barnstädter Löß‐Plateau 12.2 kg C m^–2). The spatial distribution of C stocks in Saxony‐Anhalt was represented in a map which suggests the existence of a strong link between the geomorphologic position of a given soil and its capacity to store organic C. Within the same taxonomic unit, finer textured soils stored more carbon than coarse‐textured ones.     

秸秆还田对吉林黑土区土壤有机碳、氮的影响

秸秆是农业生产的重要有机肥来源之一,研究其还田过程中土壤有机碳、氮的变化,对了解土壤质量的改变具有重要意义。2011年5～9月作物生长期间,对黑土区不同秸秆全部还田、秸秆全部还田+化肥(C:N=1:10)、秸秆全部还田+化肥(C:N=1:20)后,土壤有机碳、氮的变化研究结果显示,与秸秆未还田(对照)相比,秸秆全部还田(C1.0)条件下土壤pH与土壤湿度略有降低,其他指标则相应增加;含有秸秆的处理中,土壤有机碳、pH、土壤呼吸强度、土壤温度变化趋势均为C1.0>C/N10>C/N20。土壤呼吸强度、土壤温度、湿度变化随着时间呈下降趋势。主成分分析显示,秸秆还田有利于改善土壤有机碳、全氮以及C/N等。     

气候和土壤质地对土壤有机碳影响的区域差异研究

The agricultural soil carbon pool plays an important role in mitigating greenhouse gas emission ana unaerstanamg the son orgamc carbon-climate-soil texture relationship is of great significance for estimating cropland soil carbon pool responses to climate change. Using data from 900 soil profiles, obtained from the Second National Soil Survey of China, we investigated the soil organic carbon （SOC） depth distribution in relation to climate and soil texture under various climate regimes of the cold northeast region （NER） and the warmer Huang-Huai-Hai region （HHHR） of China. The results demonstrated that the SOC content was higher in NER than in HHHR. For both regions, the SOC content at all soil depths had significant negative relationships with mean annual temperature （MAT）, but was related to mean annual precipitation （MAP） just at the surface 0-20 cm. The climate effect on SOC content was more pronounced in NER than in HHHR. Regional differences in the effect of soil texture on SOC content were not found. However, the dominant texture factors were different. The effect of sand content on SOC was more pronounced than that of clay content in NER. Conversely, the effect of clay on SOC was more pronounced than sand in HHHR. Climate and soil texture jointly explained the greatest SOC variability of 49.0% （0-20 cm） and 33.5% （20-30 cm） in NER and HHHR, respectively. Moreover, regional differences occurred in the importance of climate vs. soil texture in explaining SOC variability. In NER, the SOC content of the shallow layers （0-30 cm） was mainly determined by climate factor, specifically MAT, but the SOC content of the deeper soil layers （30-100 cm） was more affected by texture factor, specifically sand content. In HHHR, all the SOC variability in all soil layers was predominantly best explained by clay content. Therefore, when temperature was colder, the climate effect became stronger and this trend was restricted by soil depth. The regional differences and soil depth influence underscored the importance of explicitly considering them in modeling long-term soil responses to climate change and predicting potential soil carbon sequestration.     

Monitoring and verification of soil carbon changes under Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol

Abstract. The Marrakech Accords allow biospheric carbon sinks and sources to be included in attempts to meet emission reduction targets for the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. Forest management, cropland management, grazing land management and re-vegetation are allowable activities under Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol. Soil carbon sinks and sources can therefore be included under these activities. The Kyoto Protocol states that sinks and sources of carbon should be accounted for 'taking into account uncertainties, transparency in reporting, verifiability'. At its most stringent, verifiability would entail the sampling of each geo-referenced piece of land subject to an Article 3.4 activity at the beginning and end of a commitment period, using a sampling regime that gives adequate statistical power. Soil and vegetation samples and records would be archived and the data from each piece of land aggregated to produce a national figure. Separate methods would be required to deliver a second set of independent verification data. Such an undertaking at the national level would be prohibitively expensive. At its least stringent, verifiability would entail the reporting of areas under a given practice (without geo-referencing) and the use of default values for a carbon stock change for each practice, to infer a change for all areas under that practice. A definition of verifiability between these extremes would allow simple methods, such as those derived from IPCC default values for CO₂ fluxes from soil, to be used for estimating changes in soil carbon. These may enable low-level verifiability to be achieved by most parties by the beginning of the first commitment period (2008–2012).     

长期施肥下红壤有机碳及其颗粒组分对不同施肥模式的响应

采集不同施肥24年的红壤,采用物理分组的方法,观测了长期不同施肥下红壤有机碳及其组分变化,并结合历史资料分析了不同施肥模式对红壤有机碳及其颗粒组分的影响。结果表明,化肥配施有机肥（NPKM）处理下红壤总有机碳含量（10.33 g/kg）,砂粒（2000～53 m）、细粉粒（5～2 m）和粘粒（2 m）组分中的有机碳含量显著高于其他处理。与不施肥（CK）相比,施用化肥（NPK、2NPK）和有机肥（NPKM、M）显著地提高了红壤有机碳在砂粒和粘粒中的分配比例,而降低了其在粗粉粒和细粉粒的分配比例。施化肥（NPK、2NPK）、单施有机肥（M）、化肥配施有机肥（NPKM）处理,土壤有机碳的平均固定速率分别为0.05 t/(hm2?a)、0.18 t/(hm2?a)、0.26 t/(hm2?a)。相关分析表明,不同施肥模式下红壤有机碳的固定量与碳投入量之间存在着极显著的线性相关关系（R2=0.909, P0.01）,土壤的固碳效率为8.1%;随着碳投入的增加,粗粉粒和细粉粒有机碳储量逐渐下降,而砂粒和粘粒中碳储量逐渐增加,并且粘粒增加速率要远远高于砂粒。以上结果说明,红壤中有机碳还没有达到饱和,还具有一定的固碳潜力,增加的有机碳主要固持在粘粒中,粘粒是红壤有机碳的主要固持组分。     

长期冬种绿肥改变红壤稻田土壤微生物生物量特性

以进行了31年的双季稻-冬绿肥长期定位试验的红壤性水稻土为对象,研究了长期冬种绿肥条件下土壤微生物生物量特性的季节变化,为阐释冬绿肥措施在稻田生态系统土壤碳氮转化中的作用机制提供理论基础。试验包括双季稻-紫云英(RRV)、双季稻-冬油菜(RRP)、双季稻-黑麦草(RRG)及双季稻-冬闲(RRF)4个处理,在典型时期(绿肥盛花期、绿肥翻压后、早稻成熟期、晚稻收获后)采集土壤样品,分析土壤微生物生物量碳氮及微生物商等方面的变化。结果表明,3种冬绿肥均提高了土壤微生物生物量碳(SMBC)、微生物生物量氮(SMBN)和微生物商,在土壤性质相对稳定的晚稻收获后均显著高于对照处理,全年平均值也多显著高于对照处理。豆科绿肥紫云英对SMBC和SMBN的提高作用最显著,晚稻收获后相对冬闲分别提高了21.12%和98.45%,全年平均值分别提高了15.92%和36.49%。取样时期对SMBC、SMBN和微生物商有较大的影响,但变化趋势基本一致,即绿肥翻压前后无明显变化,早稻成熟期降至最低,至晚稻收获后再次上升。SMBC/SMBN比值在不同绿肥处理间差异不大,但有明显的季节变化,早稻成熟期较高而晚稻收获后降低。因此,南方稻田冬种绿肥后土壤微生物特性明显改善,冬种绿肥是提升稻田土壤肥力的高效措施。     

土壤有机碳研究进展

回顾了国内外土壤有机碳研究进展及趋势,阐述了全球土壤有机碳库存量及分布、我国土壤有机碳库储量概况、农田土壤有机碳组成及其影响因素、农田土壤有机碳转化规律及影响因素,指出了我国在土壤有机碳研究方面存在的问题及今后的发展方向.     

The soil organic carbon: Clay ratio in North Devon,UK: Implications for marketing soil carbon as an asset class

Building up stocks of agricultural soil organic carbon (SOC) can improve soil conditions as well as contribute to climate change mitigation. As a metric, the ratio of SOC to clay offers a better predictor of soil condition than SOC alone, potentially providing a benchmark for ecosystem service payments. We determined SOC:clay ratios for 50 fields in the North Devon UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve using 30 cm soil cores (divided into 0–10 cm and 10–30 cm depth samples), with soil bulk density, soil moisture and land-use history recorded for each field. All the arable soils exceeded the minimum desirable SOC:clay ratio threshold, and the ley grassland soils generally exceeded it but were inconsistent at 10–30 cm. Land use was the primary factor driving SOC:clay ratios at 0–10 cm, with permanent pasture fields having the highest ratios followed by ley grass and then arable fields. Approximately half of the fields sampled had potential for building up SOC stock at 10–30 cm. However, at this depth, the effect of land use is significantly reduced. Within-field variability in SOC and clay was low (coefficient of variation was ~10%) at both 0–10 cm and 10–30 cm, suggesting that SOC:clay ratios precisely characterized the fields. Due to the high SOC:clay ratios found, we conclude that there is limited opportunity to market additional carbon sequestration as an asset class in the North Devon Biosphere or similar areas. Instead, preserving existing SOC stocks would be a more suitable ecosystem service payment basis.     

美国路易斯安那州土壤碳估算的尺度效应——美国STATSGO和SSURGO两大最新土壤数据库的比较研究

Estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and fluxes bears large uncertainties because SOC stocks vary greatly over geographical space and through time.Although development of the U.S.Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO),currently the most detailed level with a map scale ranging from 1:12 000 to 1:63 360,has involved substantial government funds and coordinated network efforts,very few studies have utilized it for soil carbon assessment at the large landscape scale.The objectives of this study were to 1) compare estimates in soil organic matter among SSURGO,the State Soil Geographic Database (STATSGO),and referenced field measurements at the soil map unit;2) examine the influence of missing data on SOC estimation by SSURGO and STATSGO;3) quantify spatial differences in SOC estimation between SSURGO and STATSGO,specifically for the state of Louisiana;and 4) assess scale effects on soil organic carbon density (SOCD) estimates from a soil map unit to a watershed and a river basin scale.SOC was estimated using soil attributes of SSURGO and STATSGO including soil organic matter (SOM) content,soil layer depth,and bulk density.Paired t-test,correlation,and regression analyses were performed to investigate various relations of SOC and SOM among the datasets.There were positive relations of SOC estimates between SSURGO and STATSGO at the soil map unit (R2=0.56,n=86,t=1.65,P=0.102;depth:30 cm).However,the SOC estimated by STATSGO were 9%,33% and 36% lower for the upper 30-cm,the upper 1-m,and the maximal depth (up to 2.75 m) soils,respectively,than those from SSURGO.The difference tended to increase as the spatial scale changes from the soil map unit to the watershed and river basin scales.Compared with the referenced field measurements,the estimates in SOM by SSURGO showed a closer match than those of STATSGO,indicating that the former was more accurate than the latter in SOC estimation,both in spatial and temporal resolutions.Further applications of SSURGO in SOC estimation for the entire United States could improve the accuracy of soil carbon accounting in regional and national carbon balances.